Fynestboi:
Olalerey 2 post was that a mistake?

Yes, I have sent you a message that you should delete one of the essays

Fynestboi:




I fit go rest.

Keep the order, make sure no one crosses the border line while I put situations at peace from the backend...

CORRUPTION IS A SOCIETAL EVIL CRIPPLING OUR COUNTRY, NIGERIA. WHO TAKES THE BLAME- LEADERS OR FOLLOWERS?

Good evening the Noble Moderator,Learned Judges and my Scholarly Co-debaters. I am AKANINYENE ARCHIBONG,a representative of University of Uyo, supporting the assertion that leaders take the blame for corruption in Nigeria.

Nigeria, with a population of over 100 million people, is the most populous country in
Africa; one in five Sub-Saharan Africans is a Nigerian. At the time of political independence,
on 1st October 1960, Nigeria was known for her exports of agricultural products including
groundnut, palm oil, cocoa, cotton, beans, timber, and hides and skins. Then, during the oil
boom period of the seventies Nigeria made headlines with her oil wealth, as the country is
richly endowed with oil and natural gas resources capable of financing a number of important
projects to meet basic consumption and development needs. With a per capita income of
around $1100 during the late 1970s Nigeria was regarded as the fastest growing country in
sub-Saharan Africa, thanks to the oil windfall. Since then Nigeria has been rarely off the
world press, but mostly due to notoriety rather than fame. One persistent accolade conferred
on Nigeria is that it is one of the most corrupt countries in the world. The succession of
dictatorial regimes, disregard of human rights, political instability and economic
mismanagement have all contributed to cast Nigeria in a bad light internationally.
There are a number of definitions of corruption. The simplest definition, however, is that
it is the misapplication of public resources to private ends. For example, public officials
may collect bribes for issuing passports or visa, for providing permits and licenses, for
authorising passage of goods at sea/air port, for awarding contracts or for enacting
regulations designed to create artificial scarcity.
This is a list of the Top 11 corruption cases of the last four years:

1.N195 Billion Maina Pension Scam

It is believed that Alhaji Maina misappropriated billions of naira worth of pension funds, which he claimed to have recovered from pension thieves. The senate committee probing pension funds management accused him of mopping up pension funds from banks and depositing the money in his private accounts. According to the committee, this mopping of such funds had made it impossible to pay thousands of pensioners across the country for months. When he was summoned to appear and clear the air on the committee’s findings, Alhaji Maina instituted a N1.5bn case against the senate and the inspector general of police. Things came to a head, when the senate passed a resolution asking the presidency to sack Alhaji Maina within two days or face its wrath. Although the presidency had initially insisted that only the head of service could sack Maina, it subsequently changed its tone and ordered that disciplinary action should be taken against him for absconding from his duty post without permission.

2.Kerosene Subsidy Scam

The Former Governor of the Central bank and Now Emir of Kano, Mr Sanusi had shown that the kerosene subsidy was eliminated in 2009 by a directive of the late president Umaru Yar’Adua. Further evidence, in the form of official data from across Nigeria, shows that nowhere in the country is kerosene sold at a subsidised rate. It is bought by the NNPC at N150, sold to marketers at N40-N50, but retails at N170-N250. Mr Sanusi estimates that $100m goes astray this way each month.
“The margin of 300-500 per cent over purchase price is economic rent, which never got to the man on the street. In dollar terms every vessel of kerosene imported by NNPC with federation money cost about $30m and it was sold at $10 or $11m generating rent of $20m per vessel to the syndicate,” he writes.
It was learnt that since the national assembly members concluded their investigations, no officials of the NNPC or the marketers have been sanctioned, thus emboldening them to continue to import kerosene and allocate to themselves and their cronies.Apparently due to alleged pecuniary benefits, the NNPC has continued to import kerosene and allocate in questionable circumstances to individuals and groups at the ex-depot price of N40.90.But rather than selling the product at the subsidised price of N50 per litre at filling stations, the beneficiaries of these allocations sell the product to middlemen at N95 or N100 per litre at the gates of the depots.
These middlemen, it was learnt, truck the product to the filling stations and sell between N130 and N150 per litre.
It was alleged that marketers give some of their allocations to some top PPMC officials to ensure that they turn blind eye to the scam.
The failure of the NNPC to implement a presidential directive removing subsidy from kerosene has fuelled suspicion among the stakeholders.

3.$6bn Fuel Subsidy Scam

Nigeria’s parliament has discussed a report said to reveal that $6bn (£4bn) has been defrauded from the fuel subsidy fund in the past two years.
The debate, which was televised live, made official findings that have been widely leaked in recent days.
The fuel sector probe was set up in the wake of angry nationwide protests in January after the government tried to remove a fuel subsidy.
Nigeria is a major oil producer but has to import most of its fuel.

Notable members of the PDP or their families were involved in the scam like Mamman Ali and Mahmud Tukur.

4.123bn Naira Fraud – Stephen Oronsaye

A damning report by the Office of the Auditor-General of the Federation has indicted a former Head of the Civil Service of the Federation, Mr. Stephen Oronsaye, over an alleged N123billion fraud perpetrated during his tenure, between 2009 and 2010.
The 169-page report, entitled “Special Audit of the Accounts of the Civil Pensions,” according to an online news medium, Premium Times, found Oronsaye guilty of allegedly presiding over the looting of the nation’s resources during his tenure.
The audit by the auditor-general arose from the work of a Special Audit Team constituted by the federal government in May 2011 to conduct a comprehensive examination of the accounts of the Civilian Pension Department domiciled in the Office of the Head of the Civil Service of the Federation.
The audit, which covered the period 2005 to 2010, uncovered monumental financial irregularities, opaque transactions, irregular and abnormal running costs, and outright stealing and kick backs said to have reached its zenith during the 18 months that Oronsaye served as Head of Service.

But no action has been taken to bring all those indicted to book.

5.Police Pension Fund Fraud

The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) arraigned the ex-permanent secretary in the Ministry of Niger Delta Affairs, now a director in the Police Pension Office, Atiku Abubakar Kigo; the chief accountant, Mrs. Uzoma Cyril Attang, and four others before an Abuja high court on an 18-count charge of conspiracy, breach of trust and embezzlement of N32.8 billion police pension funds.
The six accused persons were docked before Justice Hussain Baba to whom the case was reassigned following a controversial judgement of the first trial judge, Justice Abubakar Talba: he gave a light sentence to one of the accused, John Yusuf, who pleaded guilty to a three-count charge.
But Attang, who was arraigned by the EFCC for the first time in connection with the alleged fraud, was granted N10million bail and two sureties in like sum.

Those who were re-arraigned include Esai Dangabar, Atiku Abubakar Kigo, Ahmed Inuwa Wada, Mrs Veronica Ulonma Onyegbula, Sani Habila Zira, Christian Madubuike, and John Yusuf who had been convicted.

6.Stella Oduah car purchase scandal

The committee set up by Former President Goodluck Jonathan to probe the N255m bulletproof car scandal in the aviation ministry has indicted the Minister, Ms. Stella Oduah.

It was gathered in Abuja that the report of the presidential committee tallied with some findings of the House of Representatives Committee on Aviation on the scandal.
In October, there were reports that with the approval of the minister, the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority purchased two bulletproof BMW cars at an allegedly inflated rate of N255m.

The development sparked a countrywide controversy with many Nigerians-FOLLOWERS and groups-FOLLOWERS calling for her sacking.

7.NNPC missing $20billion naira

Even in a country where untold oil wealth disappears into the pockets of the elite, the oil corruption scheme he was investigating seemed outsize — and he threatened to lay it bare at a meeting with Nigeria’s top bankers.
The whistleblower was none other than the former governor of the country’s central bank. Weeks later, however, he was out, fired by Nigeria’s president in an episode that has shaken the Nigerian economy, filled newspapers and airwaves here, and even inspired a rare street demonstration.

The bankers were going to have to open their books, the former governor, Lamido Sanusi, warned them at the recent meeting. He wanted to see where the money was going — $20 billion from oil sales that, mysteriously, was not making its way to the treasury, in a country that could soon be declared Africa’s biggest economy and already attracts the most direct foreign investment on the continent, according to the United Nations.

8.$15 million in Private Jet Arms Scandal

A private jet that conveyed $9.3 million cash from Nigeria to South Africa for an alleged arms deal between the two countries, had Nigerian crew members, and passengers from Israel and Austria.

Punishment: government claims involvement in scandal. No further explanations to individuals on board. Blames US for black market arms deal.

9.Crude Oil Theft Scandal

According to Former President Goodluck Jonathan, 300,000-400,000 barrels of oil per day, or more than 10% of all Nigeria’s production, is being lost at a cost to the state and oil companies of around £1bn a month – more than is spent on education and the health of the nation’s 168 million people. Not only is Nigerian oil theft helping to keep the world price of oil high, it is causing corruption and social disorder, says the president.

10.Ekiti Gate

The audio recordings depict the meeting as being attended by the eventual “winner” of the election, Governor Ayo Fayose of Ekiti; Senator Iyiola Omisore; a man identified as Honorable Abdulkareem; the Minister for Police Affairs Caleb Olubolade; and Senator Musiliu Obanikoro who was at the time the Minister of State for Defence. Mr. Chris Uba came to Ekiti with huge stash of cash and soldiers from the East to carry out the assignment.

The 37-minute recording details the conversation between these men as they bribed Brigadier General Momoh with a promotion for his assistance in carrying out election fraud in Ekiti. In it, Obanikoro is clearly heard informing the group of men, “I am not here for a tea party, I am on special assignment by the President.”
The audio recording provides exact details of the plot, with the collaborators almost degenerating into physical combat

11.Mohammed Abacha N446 Billion case

The government had Charged Abacha to court on nine counts of stealing against Mohammed in February 2014.
It had accused him of unlawfully receiving about N446.3bn allegedly stolen from its coffers between 1995 and 1998.

But later the Attorney-General of the Federation and Minister of Justice, Mr. Mohammed Adoke, asked Justice Mamman Kolo of the FCT High Court to strike out the charges on the grounds of “fresh facts” that just emerged concerning the case.

He was silent on whether new charges would be filed against Mohammed or not.
Efforts to arraign Mohammed on two previous occasions were unsuccessful because of his repeated absence from court.But when he was present in court, a private prosecuting counsel, Daniel Enwelum, informed the court of Adoke’s instruction to discontinue the case.
Applying to court for the withdrawal of the case, Enwelum said, “I have been instructed by the AGF and Minister of Justice to withdraw the charges as presently filed before this court, because there are fresh facts and documents available to him.


From the discourse above,it could be seen that the perpetuators of this atrocious, ghoulish and malicious act called corruption are our so-called LEADERS,then how is it the fault of the FOLLOWERS whose vote does not even count due to the various rigging machineries kept in place by our so-called LEADERS. Our opposition will argue that the followers are the ones to take the blame because they are the ones that voted the leaders into power. Even if that was true - without the rigging by the high and mighty in the society-LEADERS, how were the followers supposed to know that the people they are voting into office are wolves in sheep clothing. Even the constitution of the federation has not provided for that. Or are the followers now God or superbeings to know that the same person who appears gentle, intelligent, brilliant, brainy, ingenious, distinctive, etc will turn to be a corrupt leader when voted into office.
The leaders are the ones in control of these enormous resources, how is it the fault of the followers that they are using it for their personal ends? Why blame the followers?
In this world that money determines everything, the leaders have it all because of the corruption permeated by them and the followers have less,therefore it becomes difficult for the followers to fight them,then why do we blame the followers.
Is it the followers that make the unholy nefariously ogreish corrupt alliance with other countries or the leaders. Then why should we blame the followers?
The leaders have made corruption a culture in Nigeria. Measures should be adopted to check this menace that has eaten into the fabric of this nation. Followers should not be blamed but should be educated on the negative consequence of this menace so when the get to a leadership portfolio ,the mistake will not keep repeating itself.Negative consequence such as:

1.Poor investment
2.Rise in poverty
3.Poor national development
4.National crises

In conclusion,I want to tell everyone that most of the leaders in Nigeria are corrupt even our PRESIDENT Muhammadu Buhari, who is trying to fight corruption... Can you fight something you know nothing of? NO!!!, in fact, you have to become that thing in order to fight it perfectly and in the process of becoming that thing, it might eat you up. On the whole, corruption has pitched it's tent in NIGERIA and the LEADERS are to be apportioned more blame and not the FOLLOWERS.

THANK YOU




REFERENCES
www.Wikipedia › wiki › Corruption_in_Nigeria

www.BBC.com › news › world-africa-34580862

www.bribenigeria.com › bribe_question

https://www.naij.com/402850-top-12-corruption-cases.html

fattbabakay:
Keep the order, make sure no one crosses the border line while I put situations at peace from the backend...

OK sir...

i moved my debate above...

It should remain one essay.

CORRUPTION A SOCIETAL EVIL CRIPPLING OUR COUNTRY NIGERIA: WHO TAKES THE MOST BLAME, LEADERS OR THE FOLLOWERS?
Samuel, the son of a respected business mogul has tried getting at least five credits in the West African School Certificate Examination all to no avail. As he plans to sit for the exam the seventh time, he meets his father as they strategize on a do or die affair way of getting results. The young boy has brought more than disgrace to the family through his involvement in several life-threatening vices, he revels in the pool of procrastinationand always find an excuse for failure. The pampering father of the defiant boy comforts his child with the promise of meeting the Principal of a renowned secondary school the following day. The Principal of Goddy Group of Schools welcomes Chief Adegbite dressed in a flowing bulbous white agbada into his office. After the exchange of pleasantries, the principal gives attention as Chief Adegbite asks him for a favour that will see Samuel get at least a credit in all the nine subjects. The Principal replies Chief Adegbite; 'Nothing goes for free, despite the fact that you are a popular dignitary in our neighbourhood, I will still need a stipend to the tune of #50000 to carry out this job.' Chief Adegbite with a smiling face extends his hand for an handshake and asks the Principal for the details of his bank account. The deal is sealed and the Principal sees him off to his car. Welcome to Nigeria, the land of 'Nothing goes for free.'
All protocols duly observed. I am thollulope, representing the First and the Best University, the prestigious University of Ibadan. I stand on the opinion that, 'Followers and not leaders are to be blamed for the corruption that has crippled our country, Nigeria.' Corruption can be defined as dishonest actions that destroys people's trust in the person or group. The noun 'corruption' comes from Latin-com, or 'with, together,' and rumpere, meaning 'to break'. Corruption breaks ones trustworthinessand good reputation with others. Corruption also means moral perversion, impairment of virtue and moral principles. A much more difficult, scientific definition for the concept 'corruption' was developed by Prof. Petrus Van Duyne, he defines corruption as an improbity or decay in the decision-makingprocess in which a decision-maker consents to deviate or demands deviation from the criterion which should rule his or her decision-making, in exchange for a reward or for the promise or expectation of a reward, while these motives influencing his or her decision-makingcannot be part of the justification of the decision. It will also be pertinent to define who a leader and a follower is. A leader is a person who influences a group of people towards the achievement of a goal.A leader by its meaning is one who goes first and leads by example, so that others are motivated to follow him. A follower is a person who follows another in regards to his or her ideas or belief.
It is quite disheartening that corruption has become the order of the day in our country. An average Nigerian in the outside world is seen as a corrupt individual and foreigners are careful while dealing with them especially when it comes to business. Corruption is unarguably a societal evil and has become a cankerworm which has eaten deep into the fabric of Nigeria, its stench can be felt in every fibre of this fabric called Nigeria. When the issue of corruption is raised in any gathering, what comes to the mind of people is the leaders being the cause of corruption. We concentrate on political corruption(which is the use of powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain) which is just one among the forms of corruption that has crippled our nation. We have forgotten that scales of corruption exists which ranges from petty corruption, grand corruption to systemic(endemic) corruption. We must know that corruption can occur in any sector, whether they be public or private industry or even NGOs. We have corruption in the government or public sector, police corruption, judicial corruption, corruption in the educational system, corruption within labour unions and political corruption which we concentrate more on. If we do not correct this mindset of ours concerning corruption, I doubt if we will be able to eradicate this menace in our country. Let us flash our mind back to the story of Samuel and his father cited in the beginning of this essay, should we blame our leaders for that act of corruption that took place in the story? Samuel and his father and their likes are the same people who never fail to get copies of at least three popular newspapers everyday. They do this to keep themselves abreast of what is happening in the polity of the nation, the recent expose on the scandals perpetrated by the governor of a state , minister and other public officers. They get the newspapers to update themselves so as to thrive in the circle of friends as they chant about the misdeeds of these individuals who are believed to be corrupt. They are quick to castigate the Federal Government and lampoon their Local Government Chairman yet they themselves are bunch of corrupt individuals.
We should ask ourselves this question. which came first- the corrupt citizen(followers) or the corrupt government(leaders)? There is no iota of doubt that the corrupt citizen come first. Before any one can become a leader, he or she must have one time or the other been a follower. As they say, the great palm tree which produces oil palm for years started out as a plant been planted in the soil and the giant pyramids of Egypt could only stand on the small building blocks which served as the foundation. Another question that comes to mind is, who are the corrupt? Are public office holders the only corrupt people? Did I hear you say YES? Maybe you are right after all probably because they have developed their theft faculty to the level of dealing with billions of naira, but you will agree with me that they never started from one billion naira, they must have all started like Samuel, cheating in the examination hall and getting away with it.
How can we blame our leaders for the corruption that exists in the educational sector? Should we blame our leaders when students pay money to get live answers to examination questions? Not also forgetting those who devise all means to pass their exams such as carrying instructional materials(textbooks) to exam halls, writing answers on their palms, hands, wrists and every other body parts you can think of. Is corruption also exempted in our higher institutions of learning? A situation whereby a lecturer makes it compulsory for all his students to get textbooks made by him at exorbitant prices otherwise, they will not pass his course, to worsen the case, these textbooks do not corelate with what they are being taught. What about students that sleep with lecturers so as to pass their courses not forgetting those who bribe lecturers in order to pass. Are these not all corrupt practices carried out by followers? Leaving the educational system, what about those followers that evade taxes. Do you want to tell me that evasion of tax is not corruption? Many followers evade taxes and the money realized from the taxes are what the government use to provide basic amenities and social infrastructure for the citizens. Someone had this to say about evasion of taxes, 'I came across a Nigerian forum a while ago in which the issue of tax is being debated. One poster claimed that it was for the best that Nigeria was not fully developed because perks of evading tax made life for him, a lot more comfortable.' Can you imagine such a statement? These are the same set of people that will be condemning the government due to their bad performance yet they do not contribute their quota to the development of the country. Are the market women also left out of corruption? Certainly, NO! Most market women cheat their customers, they devise means by which they measure their goods inaccurately so as to accrue much profit. What about those marketers that inflate the prices of good so as to maximize profit. Even we the users of mobile technology are not left out of corruption, we look for means by which we will browse the internet without paying a dime. We tweak a lot of IMEIs and dial different codes so as to surf the internet without paying. These are little things that we followers do not see as corruption yet they are corrupt practices.
As corruption tries to obstruct the vision of Nigeria's spectacles, there is need for sensitization against the miniscule acts of corruption in our sphere of influence. Corruption found its way into the corridors of power because it was not nipped in the bud. Nipping it in the bud starts from the fight against exam malpractices which falsifies the intelligence of a student. Moral ethics have been eroded from the list of our core values. All public office holders might be corrupt but what about students, lecturers, contractors among many others? Are we not all corrupt in our dealings with people? All our debates and arguments about Jonathan's frivolities did not made him exude transparency.
In conclusion, I strongly believe that if we are interested in a Nigeria free of corruption, then we must be ready to wage war against it. The crusade for a corrupt free Nigeria starts with a bottom to top approach, it starts with you and I. Nigeria will never be free from corruption until the followers learn to stand for what is right in their localities and say an emphatic NO to all forms of corruption.






REFERENCES.
1. Osho-Samuel, a corrupt Nigeria, so who is responsible? www.thescoopng. com/ osho-samuel-a-co rrupt- nigeria-s o-who-is-respon sible/
2. Which came first- the corrupt citizens or the corrupt government?
https:// thenigerianarchi ve.wordpress.co m/2011 /04/06/ which-came-first -the-corrupt-ci tizen- or-the-co rrupt-governmen t
3. https:// en.m.wikipedia.o rg/wiki/ Political_corrup tion
4. https:// en.m.wikipedia.o rg/wiki/ Corruption
5. dictionary.refe rence.com
6. www.corruptie.o rg/en/ corruption/ what-is-corrupti on/
7. www.vtaide.com/ gleanings/ leader.htm
8. www.meriam-webs ter.com/ dictionary/ follower

He Don dey alright?

Present

Judges we are set. The needful...

Thanks judges.
Setaje
Adeaks.
KingTom


8 essays chaii. Oya make we begin read.

Audience you can read as well.

The topic is really a big one...


[size=18pt]Corruption is a societal evil crippling our country Nigeria; who takes the most blame- our leaders or the followers?[/size]






[size=5pt]Lalasticlala[/size]

Read on....

Judges when you are done scoring please forward to.



Nairalandinterschooldebate@gmail.com






Setaje
Adeaks
KingTom

Fynestboi:
Judges we are set. The needful...

Thanks judges.
Setaje
Adeaks.
KingTom


8 essays chaii. Oya make we begin read.

these children Sabi English o. I'm enjoying myself

KingTom:
these children Sabi English o. I'm enjoying myself

Lol...

Fynestboi:




Lol...

I'm done. Do I wait another14 minutes for the stipulated time to elapse or should I turn in my scores now?

KingTom:
I'm done. Do I wait another14 minutes for the stipulated time to elapse or should I turn in my scores now?

Turn in sir..

Hmmmm....Enjoying masef...

fattbabakay:
Hmmmm....Enjoying masef...

Hello can you show on whatsapp?

Fattbabakay please drop your email... So judges can send the score to the both...

Geestarry:
Yeah

Always like ur intelligent.... Kip it up girl..

Fynestboi:


Turn in sir..

done. Let me know when you get it

Judges we wait...

Seen..

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