Cancer is a complex disease with numerous causes, involving a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. One of the primary causes is genetic mutations, which can be inherited or acquired over a lifetime. Certain genes, known as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, play a crucial role in regulating cell growth and division. Mutations in these genes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and the formation of tumors.

Environmental factors also contribute to cancer development. Exposure to carcinogens such as tobacco smoke, asbestos, radiation, and certain chemicals increases the risk. Lifestyle choices like unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption, and obesity also elevate the likelihood of developing cancer.

Infections from certain viruses, bacteria, and parasites are linked to specific types of cancer. Examples include human papillomavirus (HPV) causing cervical cancer and hepatitis B and C viruses leading to liver cancer.

Furthermore, age is a significant risk factor for cancer. As people grow older, their cells accumulate more genetic damage, making them more susceptible to cancer.

While the causes of cancer are multifactorial, understanding these factors can help in implementing preventive measures, early detection, and effective treatment strategies.

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