muafrika:
Good point on distance. But the East Coast Arabs reached as far as the Congo, though am not sure they got slaves too. How does genetics prove? I thought many AAs were Nilotic while South Americans and islanders were mostly Bantu thanks to the Portuguese dealing with mostly East and Central African slaves while Brits dealt with W. Africa?

Supper:


Thanks. And I am aware of some of sub-groups and relatives of the Fulani. And yes, being from the Futo Tooro, he's probably from the Toucouleur sub-group, which also has relations with the Serer people. Fula captives in America hailed from many different nations. And North American slavers, in particular, like James Hamilton Couper seemed to hold them in relatively high regard(in comparison to other slaves), often entrusting them with task of micro-managing the plantations of the owners.

Many freed AAs of Fulani ancestry who returned to Africa reintegrated with the Fulani-proper, creating the Fulani-Krio people in Serria Leone.

KidStranglehold:
@Supper what is your take on this?

http://genealogytrails.com/scar/negro_law.htm

I know its a bit off topic but it seems to hint that during the period of slavery, "negro" was not only synonymous with "Berber", but most of the slaves were Berbers.

TerryCarr:

still not nilotic though

muafrika:
Good point on distance. But the East Coast Arabs reached as far as the Congo, though am not sure they got slaves too. [b]How does genetics prove? I thought many AAs were Nilotic [/b]while South Americans and islanders were mostly Bantu thanks to the Portuguese dealing with mostly East and Central African slaves while Brits dealt with W. Africa?

Supper:


I've seen quotes like this before of early Africans & AAs being described as Moors, Ethiopians, and Berbers. The trouble is trying to link them with the people who are identified as such in the modern day when there may not be a connection. The only true-blue without a doubt North African slave that ever made it to America(Texas) was Estevanico "the moor".
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estevanico

I've looked into this before. And I have some other information I want to share with you in a coli pm later.

TerryCarr:

who told you that? AA's are mostly of west/central Africa

TerryCarr:

who told you that? AA's are mostly of west/central Africa

Fulaman198:
hey Kid, I hope you don't mind me asking, I know that Supper is, but are you AA? I respect AA's a lot.

KidStranglehold:


I believe I told you and everyone else here that I'm AA/Haitian.

Thought it was known. Also I respect Fulanis too. You people have an awesome and rich history.

Fulaman198:


Sorry bro, I get sidetracked with a lot of things going on in this site. That's cool do you speak Haitian Creole? What about French?

KidStranglehold:


Nope I'm Americanized.

KidStranglehold:
By guess working me thinks I may have Fulani ancestry or at least ancestry from the Sahel on my maternal side. Not only is the root of my family from NC, which I just read a number of Senegambians were imported. Also I can go for days with out eating and can not "bulk up" like those Sahelian nomads. But most importantly these Ethiopians said said my sister and mother look Ethiopian. Just realized it, my mother does look Fulani/Mandinka mixed.

But who knows? This is why I want to take a genetic test.

Fulaman198:


Very cool

Supper:


No we're not.

"It is estimated that over 50% of the slaves imported to North America came from areas where Islam was followed by at least a minority population. Thus, no less than 200,000 came from regions influenced by Islam."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_States#Slaves

Islam, historically, has had virtually no presence in lower Central Africa(what you're probably referring to as modern day Angola & the Congo). Which, is not to downplay the significance that had here(they kicked off one of our most ground breaking slave rebellions), but they were not the majority as north American slave masters came to despise them.

Just stop speaking on what you have no clue about.

KidStranglehold:


Yeah my sister is constantly being mistaken for Ethiopia. When she tells them she's AA they're surprised. When she showed them a pic of my mother they immediately assumed she was Ethiopia, which surprised me...

But anyways there could be a chance, because a good number of Sahelian ethnic groups were imported to NC.

Fulaman198:


Yes, I have read about that, it was mainly for their rice growing skills. I'm not much of a basketball person or fan, but Kevin Garnett for example looks like a dark complexioned Fulani guy.

TerryCarr:

in some areas

here is a are the Africans black Americans are made out of

Senegambia—13 percent (coast between present day Senegal and Gambia)
Gold Coast—16 percent (most of present day Ghana)
Bight of Biafra—23 percent (most of present day Nigeria and Cameroon))
Windward Coast—11 percent (present day Liberia and Ivory Coast)
Region between Angola and Congo—25 percent (present day Congo, Zaire, Angola, Namibia)

South Carolina

40 percent of all Africans arrived through Charleston, SC from the following areas:

Angola/Congo represented 40 percent
Senegambia represented 19 percent
Windward Coast represented 16 percent
Gold Coast represented 13 percent

Supper:


Overall, yes. Not just in some areas.

First all only 32 percent of SC slaves came from Angola/Congo. Plus, SC is an outlier.

Second of all, FYI, just because a slave didn't come through a Senegambian port doesn't mean that the slave didn't from the Sudan or Sahel, as a Hausa slave from modern day Niger or Northern Nigeria would be more likely to come through a port from the Windward Coast or Bight of Biafra. And, as I've already shown slave catchers had no problems venturing far into the interior of Africa to capture people for enslavement(the way North American planters preferred it).

For instance, enslaved Fulani Abdul-Rahman, came through a Sierra Leonean port to Mississippi, not a senegambia one. But, his nation of origin Futa Jallon, was located in the Sahel.

Supper:


Overall, yes. Not just in some areas.

First all only 32 percent of SC slaves came from Angola/Congo. Plus, SC is an outlier.

Second of all, FYI, just because a slave didn't come through a Senegambian port doesn't mean that the slave didn't from the Sudan or Sahel, as a Hausa slave from modern day Niger or Northern Nigeria would be more likely to come through a port from the Windward Coast or Bight of Biafra. And, as I've already shown slave catchers had no problems venturing far into the interior of Africa to capture people for enslavement(the way North American planters preferred it).

For instance, enslaved Fulani Abdul-Rahman, came through a Sierra Leonean port to Mississippi, not a senegambia one. But, his nation of origin Futa Jallon, was located in the Sahel.

Fulaman198:


Whilst I do agree with you, I also want to inform you that Fouta Djallon is located in 3 countries (present day Guinea, present day Sierra Leone and present day Guinea-Bissau).

KidStranglehold:


JESUS CHRIST! I NEVER took the bolded into account. *face/palm*

Supper:


Correct me if I'm wrong, but Futa Jallon was located in the Sahelian/Savannah region of those countries right?

Fulaman198:


That's correct it's a bit forested, but still a bit of a Savannah, for the Fulani it's a promising land because the region was more fertile than most regions in the Sahel. The grass was good for the cattle to thrive on.

Supper:


Funny thing is Abdul eventually made it to Freetown, Sierra Leone, with his AA wife. But, they never made it back to Futa Jallon and he was so close lol

I wonder if he just gave up the idea of living there, honestly couldn't find it, or was banished.

Fulaman198:


That's a good question, if he was so close, why didn't he go back to Fouta Djallon which extends pretty far. Maybe his AA wife would have had to learn how to speak our language, I don't know. Wish we could travel back in time to find out.

Today, many Fulani live in Freetown.

Supper:


Yeah, I was going to say that perhaps him and his wife were the predecessors to the Fulani-Krio communities of Freetown.

An ethnic group or ethnicity is a category of people who identify with each other based on similarities, such as common language, ancestral, social, cultural, or national experiences.[1][2] Unlike other social groups (wealth, age, hobbies), ethnicity is often an inherited status based on the society in which a person lives. In some cases, it can be adopted it a person moves into another society. Membership of an ethnic group tends to be defined by a shared cultural heritage, ancestry, origin myth, history, homeland, language or dialect, symbolic systems such as religion, mythology and ritual, cuisine, dressing style, art, and physical appearance.