A certain part of Igboland has a proverb that says “The person that does not know where the rain began to beat him, the rain beat him well”. This simple proverb captures the fact that somebody who does not know the source of his or her problems will never be able to solve the problem.

Over the past one year or so, the agitation by the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) has gone from beer parlour entertainment tale, to one of the most pressing challenges facing the present administration (that is of course if the present administration takes it seriously). Yet I was surprised a few months ago, when one of the leading lights of the Nigerian Social Media world, and a learned young man to boot stated that he has searched as hard as he could, but could not find any justification for the initial secession of Biafra in 1967. It occurred to me immediately that we had either been lying to our children from certain parts of the country, or we simply have refused to teach History. I have a nagging feeling that the former is more of it.

It is therefore for the sake of that young man, and millions of others like him that I feel the need to do this work.

On January 15th, 1966, Nigeria was set on an irrecoverable path. It was the day that the famed “Five Majors” decided to seize power from the civilian government. While many initially lauded the Majors as revolutionaries who had come to redeem the country from the wanton corruption, nepotism, and gross violence that had taken over the nation under the watchful eyes of the civilian administration, this view was soon to change, as more facts about the coup became available.

First of all, majority of the ring leaders were born of Igbo parents (even though the ring leader, Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu was more Hausa in reality, and only Igbo by name and origin), and majority of those who lost their lives during the coup were mainly leaders from other ethnic groups, other than Igbo. The lives lost included those of the Sarduana of Sokoto, Alhaji Ahmadu Bello, Prime Minister Tafawa Balewa, Chief Festus Okotie-Eboh (Finance Minister), Lt. Col Shuwa Pam, Brig. Zakariya Maimalari, Chief Akintola, etc.

From several of the accounts available to me, it seems that only an Igbo office was killed. Somehow, Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe had managed to leave the country (for medical check-up) prior to the coup, while Chief Michael Okpara, then Premier of the Eastern Region remained alive. There have been several accounts especially about why Chief Okpara survived. Almost all the accounts point to the fact that his survival was due to Aguiyi Ironsi’s brave intervention to quell the coup. Yet, one cannot deny the fact that those killed were mostly non-Igbos.

By May of 1966, the North was rearing at its leash, to tear Ironsi (then Military Head of State) and his people apart. But that was not the plan the leaders had in mind. The plan was being well orchestrated. Soon after, the “vengeance mission” began. By the end of 1966, about 200 Eastern soldiers (mostly Igbos) had been killed, including General Aguiyi Ironsi. There have been historical records of how the then Captain T. Y Danjuma led the team that murdered Ironsi and Fajuyi in Abeokuta. Other stories tell of the military drills called for in the wee hours of the morning, and how Igbo soldiers were selected and summarily executed. If the plan was to avenge the deaths of Alhajis Ahmadu Bello and Tafawa Belewa, killing Ironsi and taking over power would have been enough. But the vengeance took the form of an ethnic cleansing when over 190 Eastern soldiers were singled out and killed.

Soldiers of course knew from the day they signed up that they may die any day. The same could not be said of civilians. In a move totally with the support of government institution especially the military and police, about 30,000 Easterners (especially Igbos) were murdered in all parts of Nigeria except the East. The key word being chanted by the rioting Northerners then was “Araba”, a word which Alexander Madiebo in his book The Nigerian Revolution and The Biafran War explained, meant “secession”. It was obvious then that the North wanted to do away with Nigeria.

On their part, the Igbos knew that they could not be protected by the Federal Government, so they sought for ways to cross over to the East, where they believe they will be safe. There are several stories of many Igbos who arrived incomplete. Stories of many who lost their loved ones in the senseless massacre. Stories of how governmental institutions even stood by and watched the massacres.

By the third quarter of 1966, the Igbos were fully convinced that their lives were no longer safe in any part of Nigeria. So they returned in droves to the East, creating massive refugee problems. But what mattered the most was their safety. As the Igbos say; “onye nwere ndu nwere olile anya”(he who has life has hope). It was however obvious that their safety could no longer be guaranteed in other parts of the country. No, not after watching the Yorubas taunt them with “make una go, make garri (s) heap for Lagos”, and the Hausas slaughter them like malus.

For the young man or woman who still could not find the reason for the secession, here then is your answer; the secession was a consequence of the belief that the lives of the Igbos and other Easterners could no longer be safe in the larger Nigerian context. Gowon’s government had looked on, doing nothing about it, while they were being slaughtered. Biafra was just a stand to say “Let me be free and alive in my home”.

But it did not end there. A complete volte-face was done once Biafrans decided to stay on their own, away from where they were not wanted. The government then decided to march into their lands, and kill as many of them as they can!

Very instructive here is the view of the investigator for The International Committee in the Investigation of Crimes of Genocide Dr. Mensah of Ghana;

“Finally I am of the opinion that in many of the cases cited to me hatred of the Biafrans (mainly Igbos) and as wish to exterminate them was a foremost motivational factor“(his emphasis. See Chinua Achebe’s There Was a country: A Personal History of Biafra, pg., 230)

There are of course several other opinions like the one above, but Mensah’s view would suffice here.

The war raged on, with the full backing of the British, and about three million Easterners (mostly Igbos) were killed, most of them children. It is not in my place to state the many war crimes (most of which include the bombing of civilians and blockade of relief materials) carried out by the Federal Government of Nigeria with their foreign supporters that made this possible–there are books replete with them. What is evident is that from shouting “Araba”, a volte-face was done and a systematic extermination was put in place.

It is necessary to state that I have not for once stated that the Igbos are entirely free of blames in all of these. What I am doing here is to explain why Biafra matters, and possibly get us to do what we have not done for years– talk about it. In several posts, I have categorically stated that a one indivisible Nigeria is what I want (in fact what I will fight for), but to stem the uprising, so many issues would have to be addressed.

Now, the average Northerner or even Westerner can point at the pogroms and the murder of about 200 Eastern soldiers and get his or her catharsis. What does the Easterner have?

The young Igbo man, would have listened to, or read stories of his ancestors gruesomely massacred under government supervision (unlike the “victors” who chose to remain silent, these stories are still passed down from generation to generation in the East) . He has sought for answers as to why this happened, and nothing was done, and always comes up with nothing. Available historical recounts of the period only give him reasons to be incensed and desirous of an answer. He is also aware that since the war, no Igbo man has held the highest office in the country, while Northerners and Westerners have been interchangingly holding the position. Then he realises that when the South-South violently agitated for recognition, they were compensated with the Vice- Presidency, which ultimately led to Jonathan’s tenure as president. But for the Igbos, still nothing, as plans were made to transfer power back to the North. So he suddenly realises that his people are still the “vanquished”, and not the “victor”, and must pay the price, still.

But the Igbo problem does not end there. Shortly after President Goodluck Jonathan was voted out of office, a large swathe of Yorubas took to the Social Media, calling for the extermination of the Igbos for voting massively for Jonathan. According to those young people, the Igbos had done what they were designed to do– sell out and

Credit: http://ikengachronicles.com/why-biafra-matters-nnaemeka-oruh/

Struggle continues until victory is achieved.

Then there is no justice here will be no peace gowon spot the beans

the decision for igbos to leave nigeria is a decision for our unborn generation so they become independent of other regions. I hope pple start seeing biafra as a means of igbos being economically independent of other region and not sentiment of the war (even tho normal). It wud be difficult for igbo land to make much economic progress in nigeria and this is why our population are dependent on other regions.

catal:
the decision for igbos to leave nigeria is a decision for our unborn generation so they become independent of other regions. I hope pple start seeing biafra as a means of igbos being economically independent of other region and not sentiment of the war (even tho normal). It wud be difficult for igbo land to make much economic progress in nigeria and this is why our population are dependent on other regions.

This line of argument is stale trust me... If all igbos return home today and decide to develop our home will any law stop us??

Has any igbo be marginalised in igbo land??
All of them are marginalised outside igbo land, and getting Biafra wont stop that in anyway

We should put our heads to work ajd develop our land.. Aba needs a sea port and 100bn will achieve that.. . Whats stopping that? ?

Igbos are the ones holding ourselves. .. if we all come back home believe me the rest of Nigeria will come to us. . Then we will give them our own laws and ways

mrvitalis:

This line of argument is stale trust me... If all igbos return home today and decide to develop our home will any law stop us??

Has any igbo be marginalised in igbo land??
All of them are marginalised outside igbo land, and getting Biafra wont stop that in anyway

We should put our heads to work ajd develop our land.. Aba needs a sea port and 100bn will achieve that.. . Whats stopping that? ?

Igbos are the ones holding ourselves. .. if we all come back home believe me the rest of Nigeria will come to us. . Then we will give them our own laws and ways

yea, so says the c*unt thats not even igbo

jesse8048:
Struggle continues until victory is achieved.

lol, endless struggle to no where

catal:
yea, so says the c*unt thats not even igbo

I expected a logical counter argument.. Well no need tho

mrvitalis:

I expected a logical counter argument.. Well no need tho

wats the point arguing with someone who's not igbo on the future of igbo's unborn? answer me

Victorvexz:

lol, endless struggle to no where

..

catal:
wats the point arguing with someone who's not igbo on the future of igbo's unborn? answer me

If am not igbo may God punish me and my generation
But if am igbo may he punish u n ur generation.. Say amen. If u truly believe am not igbo

Biased bullshit.

After Yoruba leaders were killed, if what Yorubas did to avenge the deaths of their leaders was to taunt Igbos then I will conclude that Yorubas are just too mild.

But the Igbo problem does not end there?
What nonsense, after Jonathan was voted out, the Igbos were the ones that gathered round Yorubas calling them out as betrayers and sellouts.

Nonsense!

That heading should have read...."Why biafra matters only to ipob touts"......

Biafra is the future
Every hater of fulani devils and afonjas can join this promising nation

i have always blamed d busy body igbo soldiers who brought trouble to the Eastern Nigeria. dey didnt read the mood of d nation before they struck. even before independence igbos were held in contempt. And so d coup walked them into d trap of genoide.
d worrisome part of d progrom is dat it claimed d lives of ordinary people. i wud been less concerned if dey fished d soldiers and killed them instead poor and innocent civilians.
infact JT Useni in his interview claimed 'd igbos' plan d coup of 1966, dis thought pattern accounts for d massive killins of even petty traders who were strugglin to make a livin. i av been privileged to read ova 15 accounts of d war. wia one comes from determines 'truth'. books written by most of dose who fought on govt side and turnout billionaire Gov, Min, GOC etc are litered with lies bt of recent Gen Gowon and others have come forward to accept most of wat of dey denied during d war. Forsyte account is stiil d most valid. one reason Nigerians like denyin d role of dia tribemen is simply because dey fear dey will b called murders.

well yesterday is gone we sud look to d future.We need to do d needful and move on bt Nigeria is dated and disintegration looks like d fate on Nigeria

......

EasternPride:


..

He is right, Biafra is as dead as a doornail and you know it

PentiumProf:
Biafra is the future
[s]Every hater of fulani devils and afonjas can join this promising nation[/s]

Not in your wildest dreams will it ever come to pass

mrvitalis:

This line of argument is stale trust me... If all igbos return home today and decide to develop our home will any law stop us??

Has any igbo be marginalised in igbo land??
All of them are marginalised outside igbo land, and getting Biafra wont stop that in anyway

We should put our heads to work ajd develop our land.. Aba needs a sea port and 100bn will achieve that.. . Whats stopping that? ?

Igbos are the ones holding ourselves. .. if we all come back home believe me the rest of Nigeria will come to us. . Then we will give them our own laws and ways

Lame argument. We are operating under the apartheid law of the Nigerian state where the Igbo man is not control his resources. So how can the Igbo man grow? Is Abuja my fatherland? So how can I be controlled from Abuja? How can Igbos be running this destructive unitary system Government of Nigeria in a democracy?

Igbos have been thoroughly marninalised in Igboland. We under a Northern doninated Army, Navy, Airforce and Police. Why? Because of one Nigeria?

We have an over 40 million strong Igbo nation, blessed with incredible human natural potential. we should be aspiring to greater self determination and control of our lands instead waiting for the next disasterous economic policy or law that is going to come out the strange place called Abuja

Seriously I hope the igbos get their biafra.
I don't see their contribution to this nation.

Buhari should please release nnamdi Kano , so that he can be their president and T.A orji will be their Senate president ...

Funlordjnr:





That heading should have read...."Why biafra matters only to ipob touts"......

And you had the time to open the thread, read the write up, hit the reply button, type nonsense and post. I sense the fakeness in you from thousands of miles

SharkTank:



And you had the time to open the thread, read the write up, hit the reply button, type nonsense and post. I sense the fakeness in you from thousands of miles

No one cares what a moribund nobody such as yourself thinks! Now get away from my mentions!

Funlordjnr:



No one cares what a moribund nobody such as yourself thinks! Now get away from my mentions!

But you still had time to reply. Fake ass p*ssy boy showing his lack of home training with his phone while hiding blindly behind his keyboard like Stevie Wonder

gidgiddy:


Lame argument. We are operating under the apartheid law of the Nigerian state where the Igbo man is not control his resources. So how can the Igbo man grow? Is Abuja my fatherland? So how can I be controlled from Abuja? How can Igbos be running this destructive unitary system Government of Nigeria in a democracy?

Igbos have been thoroughly marninalised in Igboland. We under a Northern doninated Army, Navy, Airforce and Police. Why? Because of one Nigeria?

We have an over 40 million strong Igbo nation, blessed with incredible human natural potential. we should be aspiring to greater self determination and control of our lands instead waiting for the next disasterous economic policy or law that is going to come out the strange place called Abuja

What resources please??

Bro who is stopping aba from developing? ?

U dont know the power of the states.. go n read the constitution.. .

SharkTank:



But you still had time to reply. Fake ass p*ssy boy showing his lack of home training with his phone while hiding blindly behind his keyboard like Stevie Wonder

My friend shut up and get lost! You are to vapid to engage in e sparring with a moniker such as mine!


All these your outdated lines about home training and hiding behind a phone...blah blah blah are for juvenile delinquent bastards such as yourself....go to the joke section and try them. out!


In the meantime give me something solid so that I can be encouraged to give you a national online embarrassment this early evening okay!



Useless _wanker........

mrvitalis:

What resources please??

Bro who is stopping aba from developing? ?

U dont know the power of the states.. go n read the constitution.. .

What resources? What resources has Igbo land not not? Huge human potential, enomous reserves of Oil, one the biggest deposits of natural gas, coal and limestone, huge manufacturing potential.

How can Aba develop when it is under Nigeria? You have a Nigeria that is running a unitary system of Govsrment thst encourages wastage, incompetence of public office holder and non accountability. So how will Aba grow? If Aba had still been under the old Aba division as it was im.the old Eastern Region when we practiced true federalism and the Aba municipality could pass laws and edicts and was directly responsible to the Regional parliament, Aba could have been an African power house by now.

Im an Igbo man with Oil in Otu in Anambra, Oshimili in Delta state, Ukwa East in Abia, Obigbo in Rivers, Ohaji -Egbema in Imo but my Oil is under the control of NNPC. My Coal in Enugu is under Nigerian Coal Corporation, my Limestone in Ebonyi is under the Nigerian ministry of solid minerals. Why? Somebody will sut in Abuja and be telling me when and how I should use my resources and what percentage I should get. And you are asking why I cant grow?

There is another serious reson why Nigeria is holding the Igbo man back. Igbo land largely a peaceful place, there maybe the odd inter-community dispute here and there but it nothing serious. Nigeria has over the years acquired the unenviable stigma as a terrorist and corrupt state. Terrorism largely due to the North and corrupt due to the unitary system of Government we practice which is aided by the North. This has caused many international investors to shy away from Nigeria. Had Igboland not been part of Nigeria, God knows the amount of investment that would have flowed into Igbo land because we have not been labeled terrorists and because we would have been practicing true federalism, corruption would have been minimal . Igbos are far better off if we were not part of Nigeria.

gidgiddy:


What resources? What resources has Igbo land not not? Huge human potential, enomous reserves of Oil, one the biggest deposits of natural gas, coal and limestone, huge manufacturing potential.

How can Aba develop when it is under Nigeria? You have a Nigeria that is running a unitary system of Govsrment thst encourages wastage, incompetence of public office holder and non accountability. So how will Aba grow? If Aba had still been under the old Aba division as it was im.the old Eastern Region when we practiced true federalism and the Aba municipality could pass laws and edicts and was directly responsible to the Regional parliament, Aba could have been an African power house by now.

Im an Igbo man with Oil in Otu in Anambra, Oshimili in Delta state, Ukwa East in Abia, Obigbo in Rivers, Ohaji -Egbema in Imo but my Oil is under the control of NNPC. My Coal in Enugu is under Nigerian Coal Corporation, my Limestone in Ebonyi is under the Nigerian ministry of solid minerals. Why? Somebody will sut in Abuja and be telling me when and how I should use my resources and what percentage I should get. And you are asking why I cant grow?

There is another serious reson why Nigeria is holding the Igbo man back. Igbo land largely a peaceful place, there maybe the odd inter-community dispute here and there but it nothing serious. Nigeria has over the years acquired the unenviable stigma as a terrorist and corrupt state. Terrorism largely due to the North and corrupt due to the unitary system of Government we practice which is aided by the North. This has caused many international investors to shy away from Nigeria. Had Igboland not been part of Nigeria, God knows the amount of investment that would have flowed into Igbo land because we have not been labeled terrorists and because we would have been practicing true federalism, corruption would have been minimal . Igbos are far better off if we were not part of Nigeria.

Ur point is hidden even if there is any

If will have Biafra.. the regions will country the oils and The The coal and all the rest.. So what will change.. . Cos we will still chose who to vote same way we do now
Igbo land is not developed is not yhe fault of anybody but the fault of igbos.. we are too sentimental in election thats the truth.. ....

T. A orji we all know was useless for 8 years what did we reward hik with.. Senate. .. But chime of enugu was not elected

What we need is new leades with ideas not Biafra...

gidgiddy:


What resources? What resources has Igbo land not not? Huge human potential, enomous reserves of Oil, one the biggest deposits of natural gas, coal and limestone, huge manufacturing potential.

How can Aba develop when it is under Nigeria? You have a Nigeria that is running a unitary system of Govsrment thst encourages wastage, incompetence of public office holder and non accountability. So how will Aba grow? If Aba had still been under the old Aba division as it was im.the old Eastern Region when we practiced true federalism and the Aba municipality could pass laws and edicts and was directly responsible to the Regional parliament, Aba could have been an African power house by now.

Im an Igbo man with Oil in Otu in Anambra, Oshimili in Delta state, Ukwa East in Abia, Obigbo in Rivers, Ohaji -Egbema in Imo but my Oil is under the control of NNPC. My Coal in Enugu is under Nigerian Coal Corporation, my Limestone in Ebonyi is under the Nigerian ministry of solid minerals. Why? Somebody will sut in Abuja and be telling me when and how I should use my resources and what percentage I should get. And you are asking why I cant grow?

There is another serious reson why Nigeria is holding the Igbo man back. Igbo land largely a peaceful place, there maybe the odd inter-community dispute here and there but it nothing serious. Nigeria has over the years acquired the unenviable stigma as a terrorist and corrupt state. Terrorism largely due to the North and corrupt due to the unitary system of Government we practice which is aided by the North. This has caused many international investors to shy away from Nigeria. Had Igboland not been part of Nigeria, God knows the amount of investment that would have flowed into Igbo land because we have not been labeled terrorists and because we would have been practicing true federalism, corruption would have been minimal . Igbos are far better off if we were not part of Nigeria.

Keep consoling urself with ur make believe lies

if this country is not restructured in line with true federalism.

we may all kiss nigeria goodbye..
Our leaders then, will blame the past leaders.

But will be too late.

Nigeria need restructuring.

mrvitalis:

Ur point is hidden even if there is any

If will have Biafra.. the regions will country the oils and The The coal and all the rest.. So what will change.. . Cos we will still chose who to vote same way we do now
Igbo land is not developed is not yhe fault of anybody but the fault of igbos.. we are too sentimental in election thats the truth.. ....

T. A orji we all know was useless for 8 years what did we reward hik with.. Senate. .. But chime of enugu was not elected

What we need is new leades with ideas not Biafra...

That is where you are wrong. When every province is controling their resources, nobody will be looking at Government Government lany more. You learn to rely on your self and thats when people become enterprising. Thats when Local Governments start looking at agriculture, manufacturing, import/export, use of local raw materials. But in the Nigerian system where everybody, both Local and state Governments are waiting every month for 'Oil money', nobody cares about the people. The unitary system of Government in Nigeria is very bad. It is what is responsible for where we are today, it is the reason why someone like TA Orji can even smell Government house. And we will keep practicing this unitary system forever (unless we leave Nigeria) because it is the only system that works for the North. It is through this unitary system that the North controls Nigeria and you can bet that they will never allow it to be changef

We are returning to true federalisim in Biafra. There will be no states, no state Governors, no senate, no immunity and no executive president. All these offices are not needed and in addition, they arewhat messed Nigeria up while costing untold Billions to maintain. We are returning to old system where we had a ceremonial president who can be commander in chief and head of Parliament and a priminister who is head of Government. This time around, it will be the Local Govt chairmen (or district/province heads) who will have the real power. It is them thst will control the resources and money. And since they are closest to the people, they dare not steal from their own people. The local Govts/district/province will get at least 75% of whatever revenue comes from their lands and pay the federal Government the remainder 25%. That way, nobody is cheating nobody.

Im not saying it will all be easy, but it is a step in the right direction

Anyone thinking that Buhari can salvage Nigeria or fight corruption is a fool. The best Buhari will do is recover a small fraction of past looted funds but as long as Nigeria is practicing this presidential/ unitary system of Government, he is wasting his time, just like all that came before him and all others that will come after him

gidgiddy:


That is where you are wrong. When every province is controling their resources, nobody will be looking at Government Government lany more. You learn to rely on your self and thats when people become enterprising. Thats when Local Governments start looking at agriculture, manufacturing, import/export, use of local raw materials. But in the Nigerian system where everybody, both Local and state Governments are waiting every month for 'Oil money', nobody cares about the people. The unitary system of Government in Nigeria is very bad. It is what is responsible for where we are today, it is the reason why someone like TA Orji can even smell Government house. And we will keep practicing this unitary system forever (unless we leave Nigeria) because it is the only system that works for the North. It is through this unitary system that the North controls Nigeria and you can bet that they will never allow it to be changef

We are returning to true federalisim in Biafra. There will be no states, no state Governors, no senate, no immunity and no executive president. All these offices are not needed and in addition, they arewhat messed Nigeria up while costing untold Billions to maintain. We are returning to old system where we had a ceremonial president who can be commander in chief and head of Parliament and a priminister who is head of Government. This time around, it will be the Local Govt chairmen (or district/province heads) who will have the real power. It is them thst will control the resources and money. And since they are closest to the people, they dare not steal from their own people. The local Govts/district/province will get at least 75% of whatever revenue comes from their lands and pay the federal Government the remainder 25%. That way, nobody is cheating nobody.

Im not saying it will all be easy, but it is a step in the right direction

Anyone thinking that Buhari can salvage Nigeria or fight corruption is a fool. The best Buhari will do is recover a small fraction of past looted funds but as long as Nigeria is practicing this presidential/ unitary system of Government, he is wasting his time, just like all that came before him and all others that will come after him

A lazy son is a lazy son even if the father keep feeding him or not a lazy son is still lazy

If the present drop in oil price cant make this crop of leaders in ighbo land think what will??

We need to get our intellectuals ijnvolved in politics... Whats stops Abia or imo for example decideding that it fedral allocation will be less than 20% of its revenues. .. Bro Biafra offers nothing new as far as its the same leaders

If u say tye leaders in Biafra. . Lets elect them now and see if u wont see difference

mrvitalis:

A lazy son is a lazy son even if the father keep feeding him or not a lazy son is still lazy

If the present drop in oil price cant make this crop of leaders in ighbo land think what will??

We need to get our intellectuals ijnvolved in politics... Whats stops Abia or imo for example decideding that it fedral allocation will be less than 20% of its revenues. .. Bro Biafra offers nothing new as far as its the same leaders

If u say tye leaders in Biafra. . Lets elect them now and see if u wont see difference

Your trying hard to stick to a system that has not worked since 1966 when it was introduced, 50 years now. Yet, we all know that the old system worked. Only a fool carries on with something that has proved to be a faliure. We must return to the old system of resource control and true federalism with a very weak central Government. Since we all know that the North are prepared to fight another civil war than let true federalism return, it becomes incumbent on all the ethnic groups in Nigeria to either continue with the 'one Nigeria dream of the North' or to agitate for a separate existence outside Nigeria where they can go and manage themselves how best they deem fit.

Personally, I believe in the ability of my fellow Igbos and the minorities who are comfortable with us (particularly the Akwa-Cross people) to manage our selves successfully, but not while we are in Nigeria practicing the apartheid laws of the Nigerian state or its disasterous unitary system of Government