laser dazzling rifles

china

right now i am part of a team hired to develop a internal security risk analysis model (framework) spanning multiple evaluation domains like socio-economic, religo-demographic , psycho-social etc etc

but even at the start i got so frustrated when i personally realized that retrospectively the analysis model is ambiguously predicting a Syria 2 like situation in India.

funnily our client is a African country.

guys its high time for all the good guys to start packing ur bags........

problem is where to go

Antarctica

.

nemesis2u:
T-72 "Scarab" from "Excalibur Army"

This is the Czech company Na sources some of its current T-72s from I think.

nemesis2u:
right now i am part of a team hired to develop a internal security risk analysis model (framework) spanning multiple evaluation domains like socio-economic, religo-demographic , psycho-social etc etc

but even at the start i got so frustrated when i personally realized that retrospectively the analysis model is ambiguously predicting a Syria 2 like situation in India.

funnily our client is a African country.

guys its high time for all the good guys to start packing ur bags........

problem is where to go

Antarctica

Pack your bag?.......#more like pack your money.

Tochex101:

Pack your bag?.......#more like pack your money.

where to ?

Antarctica

hindsight good idea ,maybe use it as bait or fodder to catch the penguins or farm them

India is set to get 10 Heron-TP armed drones . Manufactured by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), the Heron-TP armed drones form part of a $400 million deal that was quietly cleared by the Defence Ministry in 2015. In 2016, India became a member of the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR), paving way for it to acquire the Heron-TP drones.

these r armed with nimrod missiles

nemesis2u:


where to ?

Antarctica

hindsight good idea ,maybe use it as bait or fodder to catch the penguins or farm them

Everything works......

rear facing radar pakfa

pic 2 older version

pic 3 newer

..............

airbus Helicopters reveals RACER high-speed concept

from official brochure regarding LCA MK2

LCA Navy Mk2
9.2.1 Programme

Govt. of India sanctioned development of two LCA(Navy) Mk2 single seat Fighter prototypes (NP3 & NP4) under FSED Navy Ph-2. The LCA(Navy) Mk2 is being designed primarily to provide air defence to the fleet onboard Carrier and meeting all the mission objectives set out by the Indian Navy. Significantly
improved aircraft performance largely better than AF-Mk1 and integration of full suite of weapons are capabilities inherent in the design.

The main contributors to improvement in LCA(Navy) Mk2 have been identified as higher thrust engine, an increased wing area, an area ruled and streamlined configuration, lighter landing gear and structure, and improved systems layout towards better safety and maintainability. Flight control features to reduce approach speed even with an increase of around 2.5 tons of Carrier landing mass is a critical capability over LCA(Navy) Mk1. System Requirements Review (SRR) with participation of Indian Navy (IN) was carried out in detail with requirements capture and document prepared.

Concept design of LCA(Navy) Mk2 has been completed and detail design phase initiated. A detailed Preliminary Design Document for LCA(Navy) Mk2 has been prepared and provided to IN. Carrier compatibility requirements of INS Vikramaditya and INS Vikrant have been captured and necessary features incorporated in design. Based on requirement to consider wing folding to overcome the aft lift interference on INS Vikramaditya, a Technical Note was
prepared and submitted to IN. The note details rationale behind Wing outboard shift for LCA(Navy) Mk2. Issues in not opting for a wing fold and also restrictions in carrier take of mass if the wing is retained as in Navy Mk1 was brought out.

A meeting chaired by RM on 27 April 2016 was conducted at MoD, Delhi with participation of IN to review LCA(Navy) Mk2 Programme. IN had brought out
performance comparison of LCA(Navy) Mk2 with MiG-29K with respect to ASR/85. In order to improve aircraft performance dedicated task teams have been constituted working towards mass and drag reduction.

A comparative performance study of various naval combat aircraft was carried out with Airbus DS consultants and presented to stakeholders.

9.2.2 Design & Development Activities
(a) Aerodynamics & Configuration:

Air Vehicle Configuration of LCA (Navy) Mk2 is a critical activity during the concept design phase. The major activities carried out are:
Ø NMG V0.6L has been base lined for detail design
Ø Improving performance in terms of low supersonic wave drag, acceptable CG limits for stability and control criteria for zero ballast design.
Ø Optimized LEVCON & Shelf Flaps to achieve approach speed reduction for carrier landing.
Ø LEVCON converted into an active surface permitting operations with higher instability to achieve improved agility and performance.
Ø Ventral Airbrakes for performance with low interference
Ø Air intake redesigned for bigger GEF414-INS6 engine, with lip and cowl profiles and auxiliary doors optimized for superior performance at low speeds for
improved carrier launch capability.
Ø 1:10 scale low speed wind tunnel model fabricated at NAL and was tested in the HAL wind tunnel.
Ø Wind tunnel data correlation study with CFD simulation carried out and found to match very well.

Based on the iterations carried out in configuration performance evaluation was also computed to arrive at optimum solution. The major activities undertaken are:
Ø Installed performance estimation of new GE-F414-INS6 engine in LCA (Navy) Mk2 was carried out
Ø A comparative study on performance with contemporary Naval aircraft was carried out and shared with IN.
Ø Mission performance analysis for three IN profiles viz., Air Defence, Anti ship and Ground strike were carried out and has been established to meet the IN
requirements. Maximum capabilities in various IN defined missions to bring out margins available has also been evaluated.

(b) Airframe and Mechanical systems:
Airframe:
Preliminary Structure Layout with zero thickness model for NMG Version V0.06L for Front, Centre and Rear Fuselage incorporating 1020 mm longitudinal plug, 700 mm lateral plug. Concept studies of alternate Structural Layout for iterations on Inboards layout based on System requirement were undertaken.

Main Landing Gear (MLG) interface with Airframe has been defined. This involved studies for MLG load path and definition of structural attachment to fuselage. Structure layout for Nose Landing Gear (NLG) to suit the modified aircraft geometry is in progress. Arrestor hook structural integration concepts for different schemes were carried out. Finite Element Model (FEM) of Airframe was prepared and detailed stress analysis for critical carrier landing load conditions evaluated. As a result of this analysis it is found that the bending moment loads for most critical 2 point landing case on the fuselage is around 30% lesser than in Navy Mk1. This was identified as a potential weight reduction opportunity and a detailed study undertaken.

Fuel tank layout to meet increased internal capacity and c.g management has been defined to carryout detail design. The Airframe team took active participation in workshops and webex discussions with Airbus DS team at ADA to converge on a feasible structural design solution. Detail design of Airframe is in progress and CAD models/drawings are being created in concurrent design environment.

Landing gear & Arrestor Hook:
The MLG configuration of LCA (Navy) Mk2 with optimized structural interface made feasible by means of 350 mm additional space in the Y-direction of the aircraft has been finalized.

Following actions have been carried out:
Ø General Arrangement of Landing Gear System.
Ø Estimation of Landing Impact & Ground Manoeuvring Loads.
Ø Kinematics of Main Landing Gear & LG Doors
Ø Sizing of tyre and wheel size
Ø Kinematics of Nose Landing Gear & Doors has been updated to suit the new geometry V0.06L
Ø Arrestor Hook design as a conformal concept with Y-hook arrangement is being progressed by ARDC.
Ø Forcing function loads & Estimation of AHS Jack Loads has been carried out.

Engine:
Higher thrust Engine GE-F414-INS6 is to be installed in LCA(Navy) Mk2. Updated Performance Cycle Deck(PCD) and CAD model of the Engine made available for design studies. ASMET and other qualification tests have been successfully completed by GE, USA and delivery of engines scheduled.

Fuel Systems:
Top level requirements of fuel system was finalized with the involvement of Indian Navy. LCA(Navy) Mk2 is conceptualised with active fuel flow proportioner transfer system. The concept was finalized based on interface definition with interdisciplinary design teams. Fuel system design of LCA(Navy) Mk2 is supported by Airbus DS as part of engineering support in the Design Consultancy. Based on the above, Interface control documents for Fuel system with other systems that include Propulsion system, Avionics, Secondary Power System, Hydraulic system, structures, Environment Control System and Control law were prepared and provided to Airbus DS team for their comments and feedback. As an inherent feature of active fuel transfer system, pumps are installed in all fuel tanks. Electrical Power requirements in normal and emergency modes for this system was estimated.

Development activities initiated for procurement of smart fuel system components such as digital fuel gauging probe, optical level sensor, transfer pumps
with inbuilt pressure transducer and Nonreturn valves, intelligent line replaceable units(LRUs) for pressurization and venting system, etc., with original equipment manufacturer (OEM).

(c) Flight Control System and Control Law:
Preliminary Design Document for IFCS including IFCS Architecture released. Study of alternate configurations for Active LEVCON including Single / Multiple
Linear Actuators was carried out. TEX flap introduced for reducing approach speed which would provide ~5 knots speed reduction. Usage of available Electromechanical / Electro hydraulic actuators for Shelf flap is under finalization.

Control Law (CLAW):
Based on the configuration changes carried out in LCA(Navy) Mk2 and the Aero data provided by Aerodynamics group, simulations were carried out and based on results obtained, detailed interactions with Airbus DS consultants have been effective towards finalizing LCA(Navy) Mk2 configuration.

(d) Avionics & Weapon systems:
The Avionics architecture of LCA(Navy) Mk2 is to be adapted from the LCA-AF Mk2. Navy specific features are to be implemented based on interactions
currently in progress with Indian Navy. Feedback on AESA Radar and Communication interface has been received from IN. Network communications requirements has been sought from IN. Preliminary cockpit layout study for 19.8 Degree HUD has been carried out and feedback provided to CSIO, Chandigarh who are developing this LRU. Studies for integrating Automatic Carrier Landing System (ACLS) have been initiated with participation of IN.
Interaction with NEC, Mumbai, to capture EMI/EMC interface requirements on Carrier carried out.

(e) Test Facilities / Rigs:
Shore Based Test Facility (SBTF): The existing SBTF at Goa would be utilised for shore based testing of LCA(Navy) Mk2. Landing gear test rig: Development of test rigs to undertake full qualification of MLG & NLG and Nose wheel steering is planned.
Fuel System Rig: A fuel system test rig to evaluate the fuel system performance with emphasis on transfer sequence and its reliability is planned.
Iron Bird: Iron Bird-3 is planned to be set up at ARDC for qualification of FCS.

9.2.3 Airbus DS Design Consultancy
Quarterly workshops involving Aircraft design experts in major disciplines is in effect as part of Design Consultancy with M/s Airbus DS, Germany. The experts visit ADA for interactions with respective design teams. Based on the Design suggestions, design teams involving Aerodynamics, Structures and various groups have evolved Concept design of LCA (Navy) Mk2. ARDC, HAL as principal partner is involved in these design activities. The last 3 quarterly workshops (Total 11) planned as part of detail design phase has to be rescheduled and hence a requirement for PDC extension of this design consultancy
up to Dec 2017 is needed.

9.2.4 Follow Up Activities planned
a) Detail design of LCA(Navy) Mk2
b) High speed wind tunnel model fabrication and tests for force & moment and air intake
c) Development of Assembly Jigs
d) Raw material procurement
e) Fuel test rig

from official brochure


LCA AF Mk2
10.1 The scope of FSED Phase 3 as per project sanction is as follows:-

Design, develop and build two aircraft with
- New Engine
- Necessary changes in the structure and systems to integrate the new engine
- Weight reduction to improve performance
- Unified EW Suite (UEWS)
- Development of new DFCC, its test facilities and integration
- Upgrade/modification/maintenance of test facilities

10.2 Additional Scope:

Extensive studies were carried out at ADA to make suitable changes in LCA AF Mk2 to address the maintainability issues observed in LCA AF Mk1, improve the systems like fuel, landing gear and brakes, electrical, armament etc. Also a number of new/upgraded systems have been incorporated to make the aircraft more contemporary. As a result, the scope for FSED Phase 3 increased substantially due to extensive changes incorporated to have an improved aircraft with improved performance in all aspects.

Important new/ upgrades of systems are listed
below:
- Introduction of 500mm plug in fuselage
- Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar
- On Board Oxygen Generation System (OBOGS)
- New Cockpit with larger size smart displays
- One Mission Management and Display Computer (MMDC) in place of two Open Architecture Computers
- HMDS based on optical sensor
- Smart HUD with improved Field of Vision
- Higher power Jet Fuel Starter
- Servo controlled Airbrake under the command of DFCC control
- Pressurized Fuel System
- Unified Pylon Interface Computer (UPIC) in place of individual Pylon Interface Boxes
- Combined Interrogator Transponder (CIT)
- Indigenous Actuators
- NVG compatible lighting

Activities Carried out:

Presently, the configuration of LCA AF Mk2 has been frozen with all the design improvements and Preliminary Design Review (PDR) has been carried out in June 2014 and detail design is in progress. GE-F414 engine was selected as the higher thrust engine for LCA AF Mk2 and a contract was signed with M/s GE, USA in September 2012. The CDR of alternate engine has been completed. Engine is undergoing final qualification and lifing evaluation tests.

10.4 Milestones Achieved:
Following milestones have been
achieved:
- Configuration freeze
- Engine contract finalization
- In-board and NMG freeze
- PDR

10.5 Progress of Design and Development
Activities:

10.5.1 Configuration & NMG:
The configuration of LCA AF Mk2 has been frozen. The Numerical Master Geometry (NMG) has been revised based on recommendations of PDR Committee to improve performance. The changes in NMG have resulted in drag reduction and increase in fuel content by about 2 0Kg. These improvements are going to result in improved point and mission performance.

10.5.2 Inboards & Layout: The inboards have been finalised addressing the accessibility and maintainability issues observed in LCA Mk1.
- Layouts preparation is in progress.
- The station wise mass distribution is under finalisation.

10.5.3 Aerodynamics :

A number of aerodynamics improvements have been carried out to reduce drag and improve performance:
- Drag reduction studies have been completed. Canopy reshaping, outer cowl modification, actuator fairing extension and supersonic pylons
have resulted in approx 20 counts (8%) drag reduction in supersonic regimes.
- Wind Tunnel studies have been completed.
- Aero loads computations have been completed.

10.5.4 Airframe:
- Three door AAID finalised.
- BMI material developed for high temperature applications.
- Composite pipelines developed for ECS.
- Spine widened for providing accessibility and maintainability.
- Pilot step provided for pilot's emergency egress.
- SPS bay redesigned to improve maintainability.

10.5.5 Engine:
- Aircraft engine bay ventilation scheme has been finalised.
- Engine-Airframe Interface Control Diagram (ICD) has been prepared.
- Aircraft Qualification Tests have been completed.
- ASMET (Aircraft Simulated Mission Endurance Tests) results are under discussion.
- New JFS with higher torque GTSU-135 is under development.

10.5.6 Mechanical Systems:
- Layouts preparation and detail design is in progress.
- Feasibility to increase wheel size for increasing the capacity of brake system are in progress.
- Trials to offload one hydraulic system to reduce the load on JFS during starting are going on. This will help in cold weather high altitude operations.
- Liquid Cooling System configurations, separate for AESA and UEWS have been finalised.
- Studies to shift the Air to Air refueling probe to right are in progress to obviate probe coming in Field of View of Head Up Display (HUD).

10.5.7 Integrated Flight Control System:
- DFCC: CDR completed. Realization st of QT unit by 31 Dec 2016.
- Indigenous Actuators: Primary Actuators QT completed, Iron Bird testing completed. Being evaluated on LCA Mk1. Secondary Actuators
under development. Air worthy units will be available by December 2016.

10.5.8 Avionics:
- Avionics architecture has been finalised.
- New cockpit with bigger size (6”x8”) displays has been designed.
- Development of new LRUs is in progress.
- Avionics will be ready by Dec 2018.
- Configuration of Active Phased Array based Unified Electronic Warfare Suite (UEWS) finalised.
- The number of elements that can be incorporated with the existing geometry for the Antenna Array unit of AESA Radar has been finalised
and performance parameters like range and Effective Radiated Power (ERP) computed.
- Night Vi s ion Goggle (NVG) compatible lights for Navigation lights and Taxi / Landing Lights are being developed.
- Engineering models have been developed. Performance is being evaluated.
- Conformal antenna developed for V/UHF.

10.5.12 Interdisciplinary Studies: Following
studies are in progress to bring out
improvements in design:
- LCA AF Mk2 cockpit assessment for new anthropometric data received from IAF is in progress.
- Thermal mapping studies of aircraft are in progress.
- New installation scheme in Avionics Bay for better accessibility /maintainability is under finalisation.
- Rationalisation of drop tanks is in progress to reduce variety of drop tanks.
- Electrical modeling of LCA AF Mk2 to study indirect effect of lightning is in progress at IISc, Bangalore.
- Studies to bring out necessary changes in LRUs to have Push-fit type connectors for quick removal/fitment of the same have been completed.
- Weight reduction studies have been carried out and design improvements required to reduce weight have been identified.

QRSAM and its related radar systems, together with its battle system configuration

1.QRSAM launcher
2.air defence tactical control radar (ADTCR)
3.battery surveillance radar (BSR)
4.battery multi-function radar (BMFR) it also comes equipped with 40km range EO system.

support elements
1.regiment command post vehicle (RCPV)
2.battery command post vehicle (BCPV)

the whole system is capable of surveillance , target tracking , target acquisition on the move ,with firing on short halts.

surveillance radar range 120km

fire control radar range 80km

missile kill zone 3km-30km in range , 30m to 6km in altitude and 360 degree in azimuth

missile is provided with radar data link for mid-course guidance , with final terminal guidance via RF seeker

each launcher vehicle carries 6 cannisterized missile rounds

primary function of QRSAM system is to provide organic air defence to moving armored columns (either strike elements or defence elements or pivot elements) from combat aircrafts, attack helicopters and UAVs.

QRSAM has been based on elements of barak 8 so it might possess capability to neutralize cruise missiles, PGMs etc, however it is worth mentioning IIR seeker based SAMs r best utilized to take down the above PGM /cruise missile but there is no such hard and fast rule becz if the kill chain response time is very minimal then it will negate the use of IIR based seekers.

official the above capability is not known will be clear later on.

The Idiot’s Loop – Dropping A Nuke Upside Down

The US Air Force tactic known as ‘toss bombing’ or the ‘over-the-shoulder maneuver,’ is accomplished by flying towards the target at a lower altitude, pulling up to a sharp vertical plane and releasing the bomb just past vertical while executing a loop, essentially ‘throwing’ the bomb back toward the target compensating for the gravity effect on the bomb(s). This frightening tactic allowed the pilot time to put sufficient distance between his bomber and the target before the bombs exploded.

The first public demonstration of this maneuver was accomplished by a B-47 bomber at Eglin Air Force Base on May 7, 1957. The pilot released his payload into the air at a pre-determined point as the bomber executed a sharp half-loop.

As the bomb was released it continued on an upward path for some time before falling and hitting its target, which was a substantial distance from the bomb’s established release point.

DARPA's Unmanned ship to track subs


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DJ0oW3wcFuo

this is awesome video

which show why expensive and time consuming fuel tank/ordinance separation trials r so necessary


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pGZ6b758IrE

.......................

The 105mm ultra light gun GARUDA by Bharat Forge only weights 900 kilos !

makeshift runway in the middle of the desert ? no problem


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3gQT-4Iimec

Indian upgraded T72

an Indian variant of T72

another Indian T72 variant

Indian T72 especially modified for operations in the sub zero Himalayan region

Latest Indian upgrade of T72

Russian Tu 95 MS launch Kh-101 cruise missiles in syria


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WGo_PKqKIm0

chinese new light tank with 105mm gun
smaller in size but not less firepower

chinese8107:
chinese new light tank with 105mm gun
smaller in size but not less firepower

i read about it on the internet ,they r testing in Tibet

but i dont understand its role/purpose ,

u have any idea?

Indian 105mm guns stationed in the worlds highest battlefield Siachen glacier

helicopters can lift only 100 kg or so to these heights

so the guns r completely dismantled and air lifted by helicopters

once at the place , the guns r assembled back piece by piece.


the guns need special lubricants and other maintenance plus operating procedures to keep them functioning at severe sub zero temperature .

contact of bare hands with metals will tear off ur skin at such low temperatures plus sweating is also harmful for the gunners ,

no where in the world , artillery gunners operate in such hostile, difficult and demanding active battle zone conditions.

@Algerian1

the pic u posted of Algerian developed observation/surveillance vehicle in african photo thread

is it for military or for civilian use or dual use ?

nemesis2u:
@Algerian1

the pic u posted of Algerian developed observation/surveillance vehicle in african photo thread

is it for military or for civilian use or dual use ?

for military , are used specially in borders surveillance .

its the nightowl z system locally built under license on a modified locally under license built mercedes class G

Eads Cassidian , Rohde & Schwarz and Carl Zeiss have a local plant in algeria with algerian company for electronic systems , or the spexer-2000 ground radars !