Here is a detailed report of the construction of a five bedroom duplex at Gwarinpa, FCT Abuja.
The report will include all the detailed construction work from setting out to completion stage.

Setting out and excavation: The setting out was done by the estate to established the necessary setbacks while excavation was done by us.
It took 1 week to carryout the excavation work

The site was very rocking, it took careful planning and experience to properly bring out the foundation footings

Special care was given to the pad footing (isolated foundation footing) since it will carry all the load coming from the first floor.

Many Nigeria Builder's made the mistake of using very small pad base without any structural justification. The right thing to do is to properly carryout a detail structural designs that will give an adequate size (Length x breath) and depth. From experience it has been established that a pad footing shouldn't be less than 900mm x 900m and 300mm thick.

For this particular project, a pad footing of 1200 x 1200mm x 350mm thick was found to be adequate to carry the foundation, sitting on a soil with assumed bearing capacity of 120kN/m2

From the picture above, it can be observed that the anchorage length of the foundation column of 300mm was adequate to help transfer the load from the superstructures to the footing safely. It should also be noted that the footing anchorage was also adequate to control share along the boundary of the pad footing.


The pad footing was reinforced with 12mm high yield bar spaced at 200mm center/center.
The foundation column has 4Y 16mm and 10mm link spaced at 200mm center/center

Concreting:

This is a very important part of foundation work that most contractors always neglect. Problem of concreting includes and not limited to poor quality control, lack proper of proper mix design specify by the design engineer and general poor workmanship.

From experience most contractors always neglect the structural specification of the mix design and thickness of pad base. For example, a pad footing with the following specification of 1:2:4 (M20) which translate into 1 part of cement (1 bag) to 4 headpan of sand ( 100kg) to 7 head pan of gravel (200kg) normally end up to having much lower quantity of cement.

Quality control which has to do with what method of concrete batching, control of quantity of water and proper gradation of the aggregates may suffer if unqualified personnel carried out the work. For example, having higher volume of water than the specify cement-water ratio may end render the concrete much weaker than the design strength even when the quantity of cement is adequate

Sub-structure wall ( foundation wall): The walls are made from sancrete block of dimension 450x225x225mm, the walls are bond together with a mortar of sand and cement. These foundation walls are filled with weak concrete to make it rigid and also to prevent dampness and moisture rising through

More foundation wall pictures

Both your physical and theorical detail explanations surely set you apart. Keep it up jare.

Hajji M.

mufutau55:
Both your physical and theorical detail explanations surely set you apart. Keep it up jare.

Hajji M.

Thank you sir.

Filling and compaction of foundation.
The foundation was filled and properly compacted.
Filling and compaction

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3M82a7nMqU

A hard core layer of 300mm was placed on top of the fill.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xHazyBjm-cs

More upload from our ongoing project

Placement of DPC concrete

more pictures of the concrete placement

Ground floor blockwork.
The building has the following functionality on the ground floor;
1. Ante-Room
2. Living room
3. Dining area
4. Kitchen
5. Store
6 and a Visitor's bedroom

Nice job �

This is beautiful. Nice.

Pls continue with update ooo

abdulwastecx:
Here is a detailed report of the construction of a five bedroom duplex at Gwarinpa, FCT Abuja.
The report will include all the detailed construction work from setting out to completion stage.

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abdulwastecx:
More upload from our ongoing project

Good work you doing sir.

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Work with us and be glad!

Ground floor lintel work.
Basically, I'll be doing a ringed lintel.
Ring lintel is advantageous for this type of build because it makes the house more rigid and also serve as a horizontal ties.

More lintel pictures

It's important to properly vibrate the concrete to forced out all the air bubble and properly compact the concrete.
Since, the difference between a concrete with a strength of 10N/mm2 (relatively weak concrete) and a 25N/mm2 ( a relatively strong concrete) may be due to quality of batching. I.e, water to cement ratio, selection of aggregates, quality control, degree of vibration etc. Reason why a registered personnel should be handling your job.

Here come the final lintel concrete...

Completion of the first floor block work:

After the completion of the lintel work, an additional three courses of blocks were added to the lintel to round up the ground floor work.

Here come the second structural milestone of the the project. As a rule of thumb, I normally split the carcass work into four, namely;
substructure, Ground floor, First floor slab /First floor and Concrete fascia/Roof

At this point, we are done with two of the milestone. We'll be rounding up the other two soon. come with me to enjoy this beautiful thread.

We're at the third stage of the work.

Here, I'll be showing showing you the construction of the suspended reinforced concrete slab and the first floor block work
For the suspended slab, we have the following;
1-Formwork
2-Placement of rebar
3-Installation of plumbing and electrical piping
4-Finally, placement of concrete

Formwork;
Basically, for this simple one story-building, we'll have beams of 450mm x 230mm and a slab of 150mm thick.
As it's a prerequisite for all our building, i normally carry out a structural design before the commencement of work and at every stage, re-evaluate the design to inculcate and additional changes made design construction. As this building is a prototyped unit, design by the estate and in other to have a structurally sound and aesthetically pleased, we have to make a number of changes.

2-Placement of rebar;
This is a very important aspect of slab construction. The reinforcement placed at this stage, includes, Y16, and Y10 for the beams and Y12 for the slab.

The shear reinforcement of the beam is spaced at 200mm while the slab reinforcement is spaced at 250mm.

Also, the slab reinforcement is detailed in accordance to the British standard. Where both bottom and top reinforcements are provided at appropriate sections of the slab

More...
Note the details
At this point we're ready for concrete placement

Yeah, we're ready for concrete placement but I'm not going to bore you with too much pictures. Just take these four of our best and ask any question latter. Don't forget to let us handle your next project, be it the carcass, the whole structure, roofing or any of the milestone you think we can be of help.

Continuation of the first floor block wall

Rounding the first floor with the lintel

A look at the front view before the commencement of the concrete fascia.