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Cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM) is a serious and potentially fatal disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. It is caused by various microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The disease is transmitted through close contact with infected people, especially through respiratory droplets from the nose and throat. CSM can cause fever, headache, neck stiffness, confusion, seizures, and coma. If not treated promptly, it can lead to permanent disability or death.
The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has issued a public health advisory on the increased risk of CSM outbreak in the country, especially during the dry season. The dry season is characterised by dust, wind, cold nights, and upper respiratory tract infections, which can increase the susceptibility to CSM. The disease is more prevalent in the “Meningitis Belt”, which includes all 19 states in the Northern Region, the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), and some southern states.
According to the NCDC, Nigeria recorded 2765 suspected and 303 confirmed cases of CSM, with 190 deaths, across 140 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in 30 states, including the FCT, in 2022-20231. The agency has alerted all state governments and public health authorities to the need for resource mobilization and preparedness for the CSM outbreak. The NCDC has also implemented several measures to prevent, detect, and respond to CSM cases, such as surveillance, communication, awareness campaigns, and vaccination.
CSM is a preventable and treatable disease, but it requires timely action and intervention. The NCDC advises the public to take the following steps to protect themselves and their loved ones from CSM:
Avoid overcrowding and ensure adequate ventilation in homes and public places
Practice good personal hygiene, such as washing hands frequently, covering mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, and disposing of used tissues properly
Seek medical attention immediately if you or anyone around you develops symptoms of CSM, such as fever, headache, neck stiffness, altered consciousness, or other signs of brain or spinal cord inflammation
Get vaccinated against CSM if you are eligible, especially if you live in or travel to high-risk areas
Report any suspected case of CSM to the nearest health facility or call the NCDC toll-free number 6232
To learn more about CSM, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control, please visit the NCDC[url] official website or read more about it and other insightful content at The Solutions Hub. You will also find useful resources and updates on the CSM situation in Nigeria and beyond. Stay safe and healthy!
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