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Prolactin: Causes, Symptoms And Treatment - Health - Nairaland

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Prolactin: Causes, Symptoms And Treatment by totalhealth: 11:02am On Feb 06, 2018
What is Prolactin?
Prolactin is one of several hormones that is produced by the pituitary gland. Prolactin has many different roles throughout the body. Perhaps the most important role of prolactin is to stimulate milk production in women after the delivery of a baby. Prolactin levels increase during pregnancy causing the mammary glands in a woman’s breast to enlarge in preparation for breastfeeding. Prolactin also helps with the release of milk when the baby is nursing.
During the first several months that a woman is breastfeeding, the high prolactin levels also serve to inhibit ovulation. This is the reason why women who are breastfeeding do not get their periods and therefore do not often become pregnant. As time goes on however, the prolactin levels do not stay as high with breastfeeding and the woman may start to ovulate.

Prolactin and Infertility
High prolactin levels may cause infertility. Another term for high prolactin levels is hyperprolactinemia. Women who are not pregnant and are not breastfeeding should have low levels of prolactin. If a non-pregnant woman has abnormally high levels of prolactin, it may cause her difficulty in becoming pregnant.

Prolactin may cause infertility in several different ways. First, prolactin may stop a woman from ovulating. If this occurs, a woman’s menstrual cycles will stop. In less severe cases, high prolactin levels may only disrupt ovulation once in a while. This would result in intermittent ovulation or ovulation that takes a long time to occur. Women in this category may experience infrequent or irregular periods. Women with the mildest cases involving high prolactin levels may ovulate regularly but not produce enough of the hormone progesterone after ovulation. This is known as a luteal phase defect. Deficiency in the amount of progesterone produced after ovulation may result in a uterine lining that is less able to have an embryo implant. Some women with this problem may see their period come a short time after ovulation.

Symptoms of high prolactin levels
As noted above, some women with high prolactin levels may have no periods or have irregular periods. Another possible symptom of high prolactin levels is breast discharge. The discharge is the result of prolactin trying to stimulate the breast to produce milk. The occurrence of a milky discharge from the breast in a woman who has not recently been pregnant is called galactorrhea. Some women may see galactorrhea occur spontaneously. Others may see it only if they squeeze their nipples.

Causes of high prolactin levels

• Prolactinoma (pituitary adenoma)
In some people, a small group of cells may form a cyst in the pituitary gland which produces elevated levels of prolactin. These cysts are called prolactinomas or pituitary adenomas. It is unclear exactly how these cysts get started. The adenomas can be classified based on their size. The adenomas can be seen and measured using MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). It is important to treat micro or macroadenomas whether or not a woman is interested in getting pregnant as this can cause partial blindness.
• Hypothyroidism
If a woman has an underactive thyroid gland, a portion of the brain called the hypothalamus will secrete hormones to try to stimulate the thyroid gland. This same hormone may also cause excess prolactin to be produced from the pituitary. Treatment with thyroid hormone supplements will result in correction of both the thyroid and the high prolactin levels.
• PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome)
PCOS is a common problem that can cause infertility by inhibiting ovulation. For unknown reasons, some women with PCOS may have slightly high prolactin levels.
• Medications
Some medications can cause higher levels of prolactin to be produced. The most common medications that do this are known as anti-psychotic medications. Other medications which may increase prolactin levels:
• Some types of anti-depressants
• Some types of sedatives
• Estrogen
• Oral contraceptives (birth control pills)
• Some types of blood pressure medications (methyldopa, verapamil)
• A medication for nausea (Reglan, metoclopramide)
• Antacids (cimetidien)

• Stress
A high prolactin level can sometimes be due to physical stress. Even drawing blood can by itself cause someone to produce too much prolactin.

How is High Prolactin Levels Treated?
These symptoms above are indications of hormone imbalance. If prolactin levels are persistently high, they can be effectively treated with a natural supplement called FERTILAID. It is a tested natural supplement to correct symptoms of hormone imbalance. It lowers prolactin and raises progesterone. For some women, this alone will increase fertility. Try using it and you will be healthier, happier, and free to enjoy your life without the inconvenience and frustration of symptoms resulting from breast milk discharge.

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- Designed by leading fertility expert, Amos Grunebaum, MD, to help naturally improve your reproductive health and optimize your chances of conceiving
- FertilAid has no side effects, it's a nutritional-herbal supplement.
- Bestselling fertility supplement for women in the USA
- It is NAFDAC approved
- One bottle contains 90 capsules.
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If your prolactin levels are abnormal, the most important thing is to find out what is causing the irregularity and to try to treat it. It could be as simple as stopping particular prescription drugs you are taking, or could involve treating an underlying condition such as hypothyroidism. If elevated prolactin levels are brought down, the chances of pregnancy are usually excellent.

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