Somali Military History - Culture (3) - Nairaland
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| Re: Somali Military History by romania5: 5:50am On May 20, 2013 |
KidStranglehold: Do you have proof for your claim? why should he provide you proof when you haven't proven your claims? KidStranglehold: Berbers are not one monolithic group and most have majority African genes. Berbers are not one monolithic group true most have majority African genes false overwhelmingly majority considered berber today are non black for the lions share...the best way to sell a tale is to blend it with some truth. niggaz must be sleeping with berbers round this mafacca... all this shid talking about arabs...never got shidddd bad to say bout berbers...Lol 900 BC TO 600 AD the quote unquote original black "berbers" ( which is just reference to foreign tongues) who some believe to be direct ancestors of the taureg and who herodotus described as "shrieking black pygmies" were called garanmantes. people who indulged in crafts like lapidary metallurgy salt refining and glass making before the "prophet" flew down. the shid we see today prostituting as one with the native black when the purpose suits are a product of the invasion and colonization of north africa by the ottomans and the vast induction of millions of white slaves. diop (bless'D be the prophet) already stamped this shid in research, living below the 32d latitude you are talking about some dark peeps as natives. native inhabitants under 32d latitude aint looking like ronald mcdonald round that mafacca. we know the original "berbers" to be dark native inhabitants and NOT the shid we see below that constitute the MAJORITY labeled berber today. [img]http://mathildasanthropologyblog.files./2008/07/moroccan-moors1.jpg[/img] ^^^^ if these berbers are fighting not be called arab then.... i don't know what tell them go the fukk back wherever your ancestors came from..i guess.... mafaccas far from looking pygmy to me now....if these berbers below are fighting not to be called arabs then more power to them [img]http://4.bp..com/_ARpA_pbiLJw/TUJcHbaUeOI/AAAAAAAABIg/D4DuRypJMVM/s1600/MUSICOS+TUAREG+MALI.jpg[/img] otherwise if these firebrand philosophers (bored kids) are pushing this modern pro black berber agenda they simply don't know what they're talking about and need a big mac shoved down their throats to shut the fukk up. |
| Re: Somali Military History by romania5: 5:57am On May 20, 2013 |
hmmm....interesting rant The Amazigh of today are an overwhelmingly non-black people. |
| Re: Somali Military History by romania5: 6:08am On May 20, 2013 |
and niggaz is saying islam was never a problem back in antiquity is uneducated on that... the arab slave trade partly set up africa for the trans atlantic slave trade. islam is "defacto" the blueprint to arabization....how can a nigga say he hates the perpetrator but the manifesto is cool... which one is it nigga....niggaz is contradicting in here. niggaz like to fantasize about this great knowledge of islamic imperialism like the knowledge they regurgitated had never been fashioned before....it'z like these niggaz done patented a space ship round this mafacca or something. Where did all this great islamic knowledge sprout from... sand dunes in arabia? |
| Re: Somali Military History by romania5: 6:19am On May 20, 2013 |
[size=18pt]oh & somalia5/9.... as always, may fukkery rule your existence![/size] |
| Re: Somali Military History by Nobody: 6:20am On May 20, 2013 |
Why is this Romania5 guy all upset over one post I made disagreeing with him about the Berbers. LOL...He seems to hold a grudge ever since I made that post. Okay... 1. I never said the Berbers were black, but a indigenous African. 2. Yes Berbers ARE NOT a monolithic group...Because you have many: Rif Tafarsit Ichebdanen Ibuqquyen Ait Wayagher Aith 'Ammarth Igzinnayen Themsaman Ait Tuzin Aith Sa'id Aith Wurishik Iqer3ayen. Ibdarsen Ait Bouyahyi Ait Tourish Iznassen Ayt Khaled Ayt Menquch Ayt Aâtiq Ayt Urimmech Chleuh Ait namann Ait Baha, Biougra, Bouzakern Tiznit Zimmur, Ait Ndhir, Ait Yusi, Ait Warayin, Iziyyan, Ait Imyill, Ait Mhand, Ait Massad, Ait Sukhman, Ihansalen, Ait Siddrat, Ait 'Atta, Ait Murghad, Ait Hadiddu, Ait Izdig, Ait 'Ayyash, Ait Saghrushshn Ihahan, Imtuggan, Iseksawen, Idemsiren, Igundafen, Igedmiwen, Imsfiwen, Iglawn, Ait Wawzgit, Id aw-Zaddagh, Ind aw-Zal, Id aw Zkri, Isaffen, Id aw-Kansus, Isuktan, Id aw-Tanan, Ashtuken, Malen, Id aw-Ltit, Ammeln, Ait 'Ali, Mjjat, l-Akhsas, Ait Ba 'Amran, Ait n-Nuss. Kabylie (Algeria) IFLISSEN OUM EL LIL MAATKA AÏT AÏSSI AÏT IRATEN AÏT MENGUELLAT AÏT BETHROUN AÏT SEDKA IGOUCHDAL IFLISSEN LEBHAR AÏT OUAGUENOUN AÏT DJENNAD AÏT IDJER Beni Ziyyat Beni Zejel Beni Selman Beni Bu Zra (ghomara tmazight speakers) Beni Mansur Beni Grir Beni Smih Beni Rzin Sinhaja die tmazight spreken en/of darija Aith seddat aith khannus zarqat ktama aith bshir taghzut beni bu shibt Sinhaja (darija speakers). Beni Gmil Terguist Mix Riffijns/Sinhaja aith mazdui Rif (darjia) Bni Bu Frah Mtiwa Aith Yittuft Bargwata Casa blanca/ rabat Tunisia Djerba Libya Nefousa Tuareg ( Sahara-general) Tamashek Tinariwen (Mali, Algiers en Mauritania) Siwa(Egypte) (Algiers) Chaouia (North East)(Aurès mountains), Chenoua (North central to the coast) Mozabites (North Sahara) (Tunisia) Matmata 3. Their Y-DNA is predominately African.   Going as far to 85%... 4. Matter fact...Fck Y-DNA. Lets talk about their nDNA. BERBERS are predominately ''African'' in admixture and remain an indigenous African group. Nuclear DNA Note that Moroccans are the Berbers with the most ‘’Eurasian’’ admixture. Moroccans = 62% African + 38% Eurasian (20% Asian + 18% European) 41.3% Northwest African 17.9% Mediterranean 16.2% Southwest Asian 14.6% West African 05.6% East African 03.6% Caucasus 00.4% South Asian 00.1% Far East 00.1% Siberian 00.1% Northern European 00.1% Southeast Asian Source: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/lv?key=0ArJDEoCgzRKedGdRbkxKMDdlZkJWc21tdkpldWxwVmc&type=view&gid=0&f=true&colid0=1&filterstr0=Moroccans&sortcolid=-1&sortasc=true&rowsperpage=2 50 http://www.eupedia.com/images/content/African-admixture.gif ^^^^Note that's just Moroccan Berbers who are the most mixed. |
| Re: Somali Military History by Nobody: 6:29am On May 20, 2013 |
[img]http://mathildasanthropologyblog.files./2008/07/moroccan-moors1.jpg[/img] ^^^^These Berbers are not what the original proto Berbers looked like. If anything they are a result of European enslavement in North Africa and Vandal invasions. http://www.jihadwatch.org/2008/09/over-one-million-european-christians-kidnapped-and-enslaved-by-muslims.html COLUMBUS, Ohio – A new study suggests that a million or more European Christians were enslaved by Muslims in North Africa between 1530 and 1780 – a far greater number than had ever been estimated before. In a new book, Robert Davis, professor of history at Ohio State University, developed a unique methodology to calculate the number of white Christians who were enslaved along Africa’s Barbary Coast, arriving at much higher slave population estimates than any previous studies had found. Most other accounts of slavery along the Barbary coast didn’t try to estimate the number of slaves, or only looked at the number of slaves in particular cities, Davis said. Most previously estimated slave counts have thus tended to be in the thousands, or at most in the tens of thousands. Davis, by contrast, has calculated that between 1 million and 1.25 million European Christians were captured and forced to work in North Africa from the 16th to 18th centuries. Davis’s new estimates appear in the book Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast, and Italy, 1500-1800 (Palgrave Macmillan). “Enslavement was a very real possibility for anyone who traveled in the Mediterranean, or who lived along the shores in places like Italy, France, Spain and Portugal, and even as far north as England and Iceland.” “Much of what has been written gives the impression that there were not many slaves and minimizes the impact that slavery had on Europe,” Davis said. “Most accounts only look at slavery in one place, or only for a short period of time. But when you take a broader, longer view, the massive scope of this slavery and its powerful impact become clear.” Davis said it is useful to compare this Mediterranean slavery to the Atlantic slave trade that brought black Africans to the Americas. Over the course of four centuries, the Atlantic slave trade was much larger – about 10 to 12 million black Africans were brought to the Americas. But from 1500 to 1650, when trans-Atlantic slaving was still in its infancy, more white Christian slaves were probably taken to Barbary than black African slaves to the Americas, according to Davis. “One of the things that both the public and many scholars have tended to take as given is that slavery was always racial in nature – that only blacks have been slaves. But that is not true,” Davis said. “We cannot think of slavery as something that only white people did to black people.” During the time period Davis studied, it was religion and ethnicity, as much as race, that determined who became slaves. “Enslavement was a very real possibility for anyone who traveled in the Mediterranean, or who lived along the shores in places like Italy, France, Spain and Portugal, and even as far north as England and Iceland,” he said. Pirates (called corsairs) from cities along the Barbary Coast in north Africa – cities such as Tunis and Algiers – would raid ships in the Mediterranean and Atlantic, as well as seaside villages to capture men, women and children. The impact of these attacks were devastating – France, England, and Spain each lost thousands of ships, and long stretches of the Spanish and Italian coasts were almost completely abandoned by their inhabitants. At its peak, the destruction and depopulation of some areas probably exceeded what European slavers would later inflict on the African interior. Although hundreds of thousands of Christian slaves were taken from Mediterranean countries, Davis noted, the effects of Muslim slave raids was felt much further away: it appears, for example, that through most of the 17th century the English lost at least 400 sailors a year to the slavers. Even Americans were not immune. For example, one American slave reported that 130 other American seamen had been enslaved by the Algerians in the Mediterranean and Atlantic just between 1785 and 1793. Davis said the vast scope of slavery in North Africa has been ignored and minimized, in large part because it is on no one’s agenda to discuss what happened. The enslavement of Europeans doesn’t fit the general theme of European world conquest and colonialism that is central to scholarship on the early modern era, he said. Many of the countries that were victims of slavery, such as France and Spain, would later conquer and colonize the areas of North Africa where their citizens were once held as slaves. Maybe because of this history, Western scholars have thought of the Europeans primarily as “evil colonialists” and not as the victims they sometimes were, Davis said. Davis said another reason that Mediterranean slavery has been ignored or minimized has been that there have not been good estimates of the total number of people enslaved. People of the time – both Europeans and the Barbary Coast slave owners – did not keep detailed, trustworthy records of the number of slaves. In contrast, there are extensive records that document the number of Africans brought to the Americas as slaves. So Davis developed a new methodology to come up with reasonable estimates of the number of slaves along the Barbary Coast. Davis found the best records available indicating how many slaves were at a particular location at a single time. He then estimated how many new slaves it would take to replace slaves as they died, escaped or were ransomed. “The only way I could come up with hard numbers is to turn the whole problem upside down – figure out how many slaves they would have to capture to maintain a certain level,” he said. “It is not the best way to make population estimates, but it is the only way with the limited records available.” Putting together such sources of attrition as deaths, escapes, ransomings, and conversions, Davis calculated that about one-fourth of slaves had to be replaced each year to keep the slave population stable, as it apparently was between 1580 and 1680. That meant about 8,500 new slaves had to be captured each year. Overall, this suggests nearly a million slaves would have been taken captive during this period. Using the same methodology, Davis has estimated as many as 475,000 additional slaves were taken in the previous and following centuries. The result is that between 1530 and 1780 there were almost certainly 1 million and quite possibly as many as 1.25 million white, European Christians enslaved by the Muslims of the Barbary Coast. Davis said his research into the treatment of these slaves suggests that, for most of them, their lives were every bit as difficult as that of slaves in America. “As far as daily living conditions, the Mediterranean slaves certainly didn’t have it better,” he said. While African slaves did grueling labor on sugar and cotton plantations in the Americas, European Christian slaves were often worked just as hard and as lethally – in quarries, in heavy construction, and above all rowing the corsair galleys themselves. Davis said his findings suggest that this invisible slavery of European Christians deserves more attention from scholars. “We have lost the sense of how large enslavement could loom for those who lived around the Mediterranean and the threat they were under,” he said. “Slaves were still slaves, whether they are black or white, and whether they suffered in America or North Africa.” The Greeks and Romans called the Natives of North Africa Mauros meaning black... This is NOT BLACK thus not native..(Result of Slavery and white Greek/Vandal invasions): [img]http://mathildasanthropologyblog.files./2008/07/moroccan-moors1.jpg[/img] The Modern Kabyle are 40% Eurasian male and nearly 75% Eurasian female. Yet their African Y chromosome E3b originates in East Africa..(Like the Original Berbers-see the Siwa).. 890 –“The Kabyles or Kabaily of Algerian and Tunisian territories…besides tillage, work the mines contained in their mountains…They live in huts made of branches of trees and covered with clay which resemble the Magalia of the old Numidians…They are of middle stature, their complexion brown and sometimes nearly black.” Written in The Encyclopedia Britannica: Dictionary of Arts, Sciences and General Literature Henry G. Allen Company p. 261 Volume I 1890.   |
| Re: Somali Military History by romania5: 6:33am On May 20, 2013 |
KidStranglehold: Why is this Romania5 guy all upset over one post I made disagreeing with him about the Berbers. LOL...He seems to hold a grudge ever since I made that post. Okay... You don't have to explian what u said because I have it quoted and highlighted Lol KidStranglehold: 2. Yes Berbers ARE NOT a monolithic group which i replied is true, cut the gimmicks. KidStranglehold: ^^^^Note that's just Moroccan Berbers who are the most mixed. oh im quoting it dumbass Lol you simply have no clue on what you're talking about... Lol  ^^^^ someone needs to go tell these guys they got it all wrong... hmmm maybe the guy who thought queen nzinga was kongolese should do it. Lol |
| Re: Somali Military History by romania5: 6:35am On May 20, 2013 |
KidStranglehold: most have majority African genes. [size=18pt]lmao[/size] |
| Re: Somali Military History by Nobody: 6:37am On May 20, 2013 |
Siwa Berbers are the closest to the original Berbers. Not only do they live in East Africa where the Berber languages comes from, but also this... "We originate from the North African Berber tribes known as Amazigh. We are the Siwan Berbers. Because of our geographical ISOLATION we have remained relatively UNCHANGED." http://www.siwaoasis.com/siwa_culture.html "Their Practices which are African in Character have not changed for years.. Siwan's are warm friendly people who will say hello and let you on your way. The children are friendly and 'What is your name" will be ringing in your ears on a return to the Villa from wondering around the back streets of the town. Walk further away from the market area and you will become the focus of interest with the level of "what is your name!" increasing with every 100 m walked. They are great people and very different from the rest of Egypt. They are more african in their ways and they do not constantly hassle you for money like most other places in Egypt. Any offer of a trip to their garden or house for tea is genuine and you will be welcome as long as you like." http://www.somewheredifferent.com/siwa/siwa-locals.html More Importantly.... Their DNA links them to East Africa(Where the Berber Language originated in the first place) The mitochondrial DNA variation of 295 Berber-speakers from Morocco (Asni, Bouhria and Figuig) and the Egyptian oasis of Siwa was evaluated by sequencing a portion of the control region (including HVS-I and part of HVS-II) and surveying haplogroup-specific coding region markers. Our findings show that the Berber mitochondrial pool is characterized by an overall high frequency of Western Eurasian haplogroups, a somehow lower frequency of sub-Saharan L lineages, and a significant (but differential) presence of North African haplogroups U6 and M1, thus occupying an intermediate position between European and sub-Saharan populations in PCA analysis. A clear and significant genetic differentiation between the Berbers from Maghreb and Egyptian Berbers was also observed. The first are related to European populations as shown by haplogroup H1 and V frequencies, whereas the latter share more affinities with East African and Nile Valley populations as indicated by the high frequency of M1 and the presence of L0a1, L3i, L4*, and L4b2 lineages. Moreover, haplogroup U6 was not observed in Siwa. We conclude that the origins and maternal diversity of Berber populations are old and complex, and these communities bear genetic characteristics resulting from various events of gene flow with surrounding and migrating populations. Siwa Berbers:  |
| Re: Somali Military History by Nobody: 6:43am On May 20, 2013 |
The other Berbers... Tissint Berbers  Tamegroute/Zarogoza Berbers  Siwa Berbers  Now here is how the Ancient Egyptians REALLY depicted the Ancient Libyans/Berbers...       Again the Berber language even ORIGINATED in EAST AFRICA. And the Siwa Berbers are not only in East Africa, but they are of one of the oldest Berber groups and mostly African. I believe my work here is done.  |
| Re: Somali Military History by Nobody: 7:01am On May 20, 2013 |
romania5: lol. Good for you. Want a cookie? romania5:Then what are you trying to prove  ?romania5: LMAO!!! @ you continuing to use that chart. 1. Yes the Berber group is a diverse mixed group, but their origins and ancestry is still mostly African and I have already proved that. 2. That chart you love to use so much is flawed itself, because again Berbers are not a monolithic group(you yourself supposedly agreed with me), its actually a language group. Some Berbers group more with Europeans, while others group more with Africans(Siwa Berbers). Get what I'm saying? So Berbers clustering with Europeans is flawed... And let me reiterate with this. African Y-DNA in Maghreb(Berbers) and Europe. ^^^Try to debunk that if you can...Mwhahahahahahahahahahahah! romania5: LMAO D*mbass!!!! Nzinga was from the same place the Kongo kingdom was(modern day Angola)! But also... alanmwene: And *Kails*: And alanmwene: Where originally discussed... https://www.nairaland.com/1263616/deadliest-black-african-warriors/5 Now GTFO!  |
| Re: Somali Military History by romania5: 7:47am On May 20, 2013 |
KidStranglehold: Then what are you trying to prove what is it there to prove...that you are a dumbass.... that's free for all to see Lol KidStranglehold: LMAO!!! @ you continuing to use that chart. LMAO!!! @ YOU continuing to use this chart ^^^^ KidStranglehold: 2. That chart you love to use so much is flawed itself, because again Berbers are not a monolithic group(you yourself supposedly agreed with me), its actually a language group. Some Berbers group more with Europeans, while others group more with Africans(Siwa Berbers). Get what I'm saying? So Berbers clustering with Europeans is flawed... LMAO!!! no im not agreeing with you dumbass Lol And HELL NO i don't get what your saying when "most" and "majority" constitute something totally different! berbers are not monolithic group otherwise you wouldn't have the contrast of difference in the photos I posted up top...DUH.... niggaz trying to fix it up now like they only meant some of the black berbers.. since when does "most" and "majority" constitute some...? Lol NIGGAZ NEED A DICTIONARY LMAO niggaz probably never even heard of garanmantes until now Lol! niggaz probably sleeping on pliny the elder 2 LOL... KidStranglehold: And let me reiterate with this. African Y-DNA in Maghreb(Berbers) and Europe. KidStranglehold: ^^^Try to debunk that if you can...Mwhahahahahahahahahahahah! what's to debunk dumbass the overwhelmingly dna studies done on berbers collectively show them to be near 85 percent caucasoid.... OH NEVERMIND YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT THE BLACK BERBERS.... dumbass Lmao! "Coffman-Levy 2005: "Unfortunately, misinformation about these haplogroups continues to pervade the public and media. Haplogroup E3b is often incorrectly described as “African,” leaving a misimpression regarding the origin and complex history of this haplogroup. Haplogroup J2, as previously discussed, is often incorrectly equated with J1 and described as “Jewish” or “Semitic,” despite the fact that it is present in a variety of non-Jewish Mediterranean and Northern European populations. And haplogroup G is rarely discussed in depth; its origin and distribution remain poorly understood." KidStranglehold: Where originally discussed... and where you oringinally provide a link to heavenly_nzinga debunking that nonsense bullshit! Lmao ^^^^ niggaz done ethered his own self Lol |
| Re: Somali Military History by romania5: 8:00am On May 20, 2013 |
We genotypedthe putatively causal allele for lactose tolerance (–13910T) and constructed haplotypes from several polymorphisms in and around the lactase gene (LCT) in three NorthAfrican Berber populations and compared our results with previously published data. We found that the frequency of the –13910T allele predicts the frequency of lactose tolerance in several Eurasian and North African Berber populations but not in most sub-Saharan African populations. Our analyses suggest that contemporary Berber populations possess the genetic signature of a past migration of pastoralistsfrom the Middle East and that they share a dairying origin with Europeans and Asians, but not with sub-Saharan Africans. Lmao |
| Re: Somali Military History by BlackKenichi(m): 11:08am On May 20, 2013 |
romania5 you're not showing anything to the contrary about Berbers carrying African Y-dna. E-M81 is nothing more than a subclade of E-M78 and that's been show to come from around North Sudan. E1b1b is defo African get over it. 1 Like |
| Re: Somali Military History by member11: 5:51pm On May 20, 2013 |
WTF ??!!!! Why I am keep getting banned? |
| Re: Somali Military History by member11: 5:52pm On May 20, 2013 |
Black Kenichi: romania5 you're not showing anything to the contrary about Berbers carrying African Y-dna. Exactly!!! |
| Re: Somali Military History by member11: 5:56pm On May 20, 2013 |
@romania5 I'm not done with you just yet... 2010 Berber mtDNA study finds Berber roots foundational in Africa - Frigi 2010 Ancient Local Evolution of African mtDNA Haplogroups in Tunisian Berber Populations Frigi et al. Human Biology (August 2010 (82:4) Abstract Our objective is to highlight the age of sub-Saharan gene flows in North Africa and particularly in Tunisia. Therefore we analyzed in a broad phylogeographic context sub-Saharan mtDNA haplogroups of Tunisian Berber populations considered representative of ancient settlement. More than 2,000 sequences were collected from the literature, and networks were constructed. The results show that the most ancient haplogroup is L3*, which would have been introduced to North Africa from eastern sub-Saharan populations around 20,000 years ago. Our results also point to a less ancient western sub-Saharan gene flow to Tunisia, including haplogroups L2a and L3b. This conclusion points to an ancient African gene flow to Tunisia before 20,000 years BP. These findings parallel the more recent findings of both archaeology and linguistics on the prehistory of Africa. The present work suggests that sub-Saharan contributions to North Africa have experienced several complex population processes after the occupation of the region by anatomically modern humans. Our results reveal that Berber speakers have a foundational biogeographic root in Africa and that deep African lineages have continued to evolve in supra-Saharan Africa.  You're DISMISSED now.   |
| Re: Somali Military History by Nobody: 3:24am On May 21, 2013 |
romania5: No your just an idiot thats all. As I say again. Berbers are a mixed group, but MOST Berbers genetic DNA is African. Most: a. Greatest in number: b. Greatest in amount, extent, or degree: romania5:Again your an idiot...The Berbers you posted were are a RECENT arrival to North Africa(i.e enslavement, Vandal, invasion,etc). MY main point still STANDS. romania5:You need to work on your grammar and spelling 101, I barely sometimes understand what you're saying. LMAO! romania5:When did I mention 'black Berbers' dumnfck. Stop projecting things onto. I only said Berbers are an indigenous African group slowpoke. romania5:LMAO!!!! Are you serious? You're now trying to say e3b clades is not AFRICAN ?? [img]http://3.bp..com/-RFDBC3MrhRc/TwSONGTqaEI/AAAAAAAAAKA/tx02k-dvLNs/s1600/E_Snp_Phylogeography.jpg[/img] ^^^As you can clearly see...E clades arose in East Africa. Migrated into the Maghreb(where Berbers live) and then Europe. EPIC FAIL! romania5: Idiot...heavenly_nzinga was already proven wrong on that thread and I believe he/she already admitted it. Kails and alanmwene are more knewledgable in the Kingdom of Kongo and Queen Nzinga. So I'll take what they say over what you say. AGAIN Queen Nzinga was from the same area where the Kingdom of Kongo was you idiot. |
| Re: Somali Military History by Nobody: 3:28am On May 21, 2013 |
romania5: Laugh at yourself. You're using outdated study. Now try and debunk this! m not done with you just yet... 2010 Berber mtDNA study finds Berber roots foundational in Africa - Frigi 2010 Ancient Local Evolution of African mtDNA Haplogroups in Tunisian Berber Populations Frigi et al. Human Biology (August 2010 (82:4) Abstract Our objective is to highlight the age of sub-Saharan gene flows in North Africa and particularly in Tunisia. Therefore we analyzed in a broad phylogeographic context sub-Saharan mtDNA haplogroups of Tunisian Berber populations considered representative of ancient settlement. More than 2,000 sequences were collected from the literature, and networks were constructed. The results show that the most ancient haplogroup is L3*, which would have been introduced to North Africa from eastern sub-Saharan populations around 20,000 years ago. Our results also point to a less ancient western sub-Saharan gene flow to Tunisia, including haplogroups L2a and L3b. This conclusion points to an ancient African gene flow to Tunisia before 20,000 years BP. These findings parallel the more recent findings of both archaeology and linguistics on the prehistory of Africa. The present work suggests that sub-Saharan contributions to North Africa have experienced several complex population processes after the occupation of the region by anatomically modern humans. Our results reveal that Berber speakers have a foundational biogeographic root in Africa and that deep African lineages have continued to evolve in supra-Saharan Africa. |
| Re: Somali Military History by Nobody: 3:35am On May 21, 2013 |
@romania5 Also try to debunk this if you can.
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| Re: Somali Military History by somalia9: 7:13am On May 21, 2013 |
my somali military appreciation thread has turned into an afrocentric negro army thread. |
| Re: Somali Military History by Nobody: 5:01pm On May 21, 2013 |
somalia9: my somali military appreciation thread has turned into an afrocentric negro army thread. I'm sorry man, its just certain people need to learn how to mind their business. -__- Here I'll get your thread back on topic with this. http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/180970?uid=3739832&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21102245693911 |
| Re: Somali Military History by romania5: 5:25am On May 22, 2013 |
KidStranglehold: Our results reveal that Berber speakers have a foundational biogeographic root in Africa and that deep African lineages have continued to evolve in supra-Saharan Africa. where in that does it reveal most modern berber populations having majority african genes? you can't show me because it doesn't exist in the study Lmao KidStranglehold: I only said Berbers are an indigenous African group slowpoke. ^^^^ liar liar liar pants on fire!.... Lol you responded to a chart with modern berbers clustered with non-africans with this: KidStranglehold: Berbers are not one monolithic group and MOST have MAJORITY African genes.  Biocultural Emergence of the Amazigh in Africa: Comment on Frigi et al. (2010) Coudray et al. 2008 Salloum A, et al. (2013) ^^^^ so what do we have here at the least is a heavily mixed modern day population.... that's constantly being grouped off with non-africans... Lol "Africa after the Last Glacial Maximum, with some migration into the Near East and southern Europe (Bosch et al. 2001; Underhill et al. 2001). Hence, contrary to the suggestion that mtDNA haplogroups were introduced mostly from Iberia, it seems that Y-chromosome markers have an eastern African origin with an ancient local evolution in North Africa. These observations are in agreement with the proposal that the ancient communities ancestral in language to more recent Berber communities absorbed a lot of females from the existing pre-Holocene populations. This would indicate that the North African populations arose from admixture rather than from local evolution, leading to an intermediate genetic structure between eastern sub-Saharan Africans and Eurasians" -Frigi ^^^^ this is also from that frigi study... Lol so much for an ancient local evolution for majority modern day populations Lol... "MACHINE GUN FIRE" ....... and itz soooooo sweetz LMAO BEEKER BEEKER 1-9 man down!....man down!...Lol kidstrangle thinks he can out slick oil itself..... i advise anyone who thinks what kidstrangle has "pasted" pertaining to his clamis of "most berbers having majority african genes" visit the link below where one of the studies where discussed and the tone of discussion is far from that of the theory of "majority modern berber speakers w/ primarly african genetic make-up." http://www.egyptsearch.com/forums/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=8;t=008395 again this dude has been flip-flopping the issue with tired azz gimmicks... notice how when I purposely citied coffman-levy the dude jumped for joy! niggaz 'bout had a stroke trying to log back in.... Ahhhhh.... a breath of fresh air "cause I seriously fukk'd up when I blurted most berbers having majority african genes" .... he could've simply re/phrased that and said "specific" groups of berbers have majority african genetic make up.... but no let the resident anthropologist tell it.... Lol KidStranglehold: I believe he/she already admitted it now YOU are protruding things onto others... heavenly_nzinga didnt admit shid other than the fact of shared cultural ties and educated u on the fact that she was not kongolese and by the looks of the discussion she SUCCEEDED Lol seemingly knowlegdeable about the queenz life 2 lol... ^^^ again another bold faced lie.... Lol let me know when you actually indulge in some first hand research there bud...Lol that way you'll know what you're actually pasting then LMAO |
| Re: Somali Military History by romania5: 5:29am On May 22, 2013 |
KidStranglehold: @romania5 why would i need to debunk something that i have advocated at the beginning.... if i was under the assumption ancient north africans were not black WHY WOULD I QUOTE "HERODOTUS" and lay out a few reasons as to why the genetic drift took place.... CUT THE GIMMICKS Lol you fukk'D up and made a very uneducated opinion supported by virtually no evidence besides showing a subclade of eb3 being prevalent in berber male lineage!...but fukk that... expound on why MODERN BERBER POPULATIONS are overwhemingly being clustered with non african groups if MAJORITY have AFRICAN GENETIC MAKE-UP?....Lol dis niggaz mak'N phenotype geneotype all kindz of thread typez and don't even fully understand the research behind it...Lol no disrespect, but someone with such an earnest interest in these matters to get school'd by niggaz that hardly followz genetics.... just can't be taken seriously... niggaz just can't take ya seriously at all man Lol shiiidddd all this copy'N and paste'N like u got me gett'N banz & shiddd round dis mafacca. Lmao |
| Re: Somali Military History by romania5: 5:32am On May 22, 2013 |
KidStranglehold: certain people need 2 mind they business is DA fukk right homie....Lol have u forgot who da began DA nose prying first....FOOL? U fruity azz jock rid'N...COON. yall this niggaz ask me if i wanted a cookie... a COOKIE... Lmao U can keep ya azz bandit tendencies 2 ya self... ya fruity faggotz... smdh |
| Re: Somali Military History by romania5: 5:35am On May 22, 2013 |
i mean you have to understand these are the same flunkiez thinking islam is economical for 21st century africa Lol |
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