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PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by Nobody: 1:24pm On Feb 24, 2017 |
A Capacitor is a device that stores electric charges. It has two metals being separated by an insulator "Dielectric" to prevent discharge. To discharge a Capacitor, you join the two metals together. Get a circuit board(looks like green board), say from your charger, notice a device that has two metals on same position, usually looks like a Battery/Drum Shape, that's a Capacitor. also notice a rubber like material on the top of the Capacitor where the two metals are fixed, that's the Dieletric. Note, a Battery is different from a Capacitor. A Battery supplies electric charges while Capacitor stores electric charges. Symbol of Capacitor -I I- the vertical lines will be equal in length. Symbol of a Cell/Battery -I i- the vertical lines are not equal, one will be higher than the other in length. A Capacitance of a Capacitor is the ability of the Capacitor to store electric charges. It's unit is farads(F) or microfarads(;uF). Continue to read below.... 1 Like |
Re: PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by rusher14: 1:31pm On Feb 24, 2017 |
Ratio of charge to potential. |
Re: PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by Nobody: 1:49pm On Feb 24, 2017 |
The formular to find the Capacitance of a Capacitor is given as> C= Q/V where C is the capacitance in farads or microfarad; Q is the electric charge in coulombs; V is the voltage in volts. ARRANGEMENT OF CAPACITORS: Capacitors are arranged in plates of (a) parallel (b) series. A) PARALLEL CAPACITORS: They are kept parallel to eachother. That's when you see the symbol up and another down, mostly front and back ways. The formular is C = C1+C2+C3... that's sum up Capacitors number 1,2,3,.... B) SERIES CAPACITORS: They are kept sideways. Just like your friend sitting next to you in class. The formular> 1/C= 1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/C3 ... sum up the inverse of Capacitors number 1,2,3... ENERGY STORED IN A CAPACITOR. It's given as W= 1/2 *V *Q OR W=1/2 * (Q*Q)/C OR W= 1/2 *C *V*V. where W is workdone to get the energy stored in joules; V is voltage in volts; Q is electric charge in coulombs, C is capacitance in microfarad. Continue to read below... |
Re: PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by Nobody: 2:32pm On Feb 24, 2017 |
rusher14:Yes, it can be defined as ratio of electric charge,q, to potential difference, v. That's in mathematical statement, no wonder students find it difficult to understand physics with such definition. 1 Like |
Re: PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by Nobody: 2:44pm On Feb 24, 2017 |
APPLICATIONS/USES OF CAPACITORS: It means where you can make use of Capacitors, such as 1. ignition system of a car. 2. radio circuits for tuning, etc. You can ask question below concerning this topic by using the comment/reply/quote tool and get vital answers to it. Physics is very interesting only when you have a nice and smart Tutor/Teacher around. Keep following me on topics in Physics, Mathematics, Chemistry, etc. Nb: i may be slow to update cos i'm using a java phone to type. No offenses! |
Re: PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by Nobody: 2:49pm On Feb 24, 2017 |
Cc: lalasticlala, seun, fynestboi, please push to FP so as to make education forum lively, students will be happy to learn here to prepare them for future exams, competitions and interviews. Thanks! |
Re: PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by Nobody: 5:33pm On Feb 24, 2017 |
OP, please keep it up! But could u pls give some examples that'll help us apply the equations above? I think understanding Physics is easier when students learn how/when some equations are applied. |
Re: PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by Nobody: 7:05pm On Feb 24, 2017 |
Laive:Thanks. Yes, I will. Keep following... |
Re: PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by Nobody: 7:34pm On Feb 24, 2017 |
E.g1) a capacitor of charge, 5x10raise_to_power minus 8 coulomb, has a potential of 100v. What is the capacitance of the capacitor? Soln: using formular for capacitance C=Q/V; Where C=?; Q= 5x10'-8 coulombs; V= 100v. C= 5x10'-8/100 C= 5x10'-10F = 5x10'-4 microfarad. Nb: i'm using '- to denote "raise to power minus." E.g2) what is the equivalent capacitance of a 3microfarad and a 6microfarad capacitor connected in parallel? Soln: Capacitors in parallel formular C= C1 + C2; C=?; C1=3; C2=6 C= 3+6= 9microfarad E.g3) what is the effective capacitance of 5microfarad capacitor and a 3microfarad capacitor connected in series? Soln: Using series capacitance formular 1/C = 1/C1 + 1/C2 1/C = 1/5 + 1/3 = 3+5/15 = 8/15 1\C = 8/15 the C will move up and 1 down, same goes for the R.H.S, 15 will move up and 8 down. C/1 = 15/8 C = 1.88= approx. 2 C = 2microfarad 1 Like |
Re: PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by abmarine(m): 10:28pm On Feb 24, 2017 |
Nice 1 Like |
Re: PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by Nobody: 11:29pm On Feb 24, 2017 |
Nice one there! And thanks for making it clear... Any examples on 'Energy stored in a capacitor' ?? |
Re: PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by tolaxin(m): 12:32am On Feb 25, 2017 |
Laive: Question: Three capacitors of capacitance, 2μF, 4μF and 8μF are connected in parallel and a p. d of 6V is maintained across each capacitor, what is the total energy stored? Solution: Capacitors in parallel, C=C1+C2+C3 =2+4+8 =14μF Energy stored in a capacitor, E= ½CV² =½(14x10⁻⁶x6²) =2.52x10⁻⁴J Note: micro(μ)=10⁻⁶ well done original poster 2 Likes |
Re: PHYSICS: Topic "Capacitor And Capacitance." by Nobody: 7:56am On Feb 25, 2017 |
E.g4) calculate the energy stored in a 20microfarad capacitor if the p.d between the plates is 40v. Soln: W=?; C= 20microfarad; V= 40v. hint: use the formular that only one quantity is missing but the others given. That's W= 1/2 x C x V'2 W= 1/2 x (20x10'-6) x 40'2 W= 1.6x10'-2J Nb: '- denotes raise to power minus. I'm using a java phone to type, sorry! 1 Like |
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