People are commonly prescribed medications to treat a variety of chronic medical conditions.

In many cases, though, prescription drugs may make bones weaker. Sadly, most physicians remain unaware of the negative effects of these
medications on bone health.

If you are currently taking any medications, now is a great time to find out if any of them are included in the list below:

⭕ Thyroid Medications.

For those with hypothyroidism, taking synthetic thyroid hormone (Levothyroxine, or Synthroid) helps to regulate their endocrine function. However, excessive thyroid hormone supplementation stimulates the activity of osteoclasts, the cells that break down bone tissue.

Ofcourse, untreated hypothyroidism can cause fatigue, depression, weight gain, memory impairment, and slowed heartrate, so make sure you get your thyroid hormone levels tested on a regular basis to ensure they are within the
appropriate range.

⭕ Medications that lower Insulin Resistance.

Thiazolidinediones(TZDs) lower insulin resistance and are prescribed to people with type 2 diabetes. Examples of these drugs include Pioglitazone (Actos) and Rosiglitazone (Avandia).

These drugs also raise the risk for bone fractures, as they slow the rate of new bone formation.

⭕ Loop Diuretics.

Loop diuretics such as furosemide, torsemide, and bumetanide increase sodium loss and are prescribed for congestive heart failure.

Because one-third of your body’s sodium is found in your bones, loss of sodium directly causes bones to weaken. If sodium drops too low, bones lose calcium and osteoclasts increase their rate of bone resorption.

⭕ Antidepressants.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) such as Sertraline (Zoloft), Fluoxetine (Prozac), and
Escitalopram (Lexapro) are the most commonly prescribed class of antidepressants.

In addition to making more serotonin available in the brain, these medications inhibit the production of the brain chemical dopamine. This leads to hormonal changes, alterations in your stress hormone levels, and weaker bones with double risk of fragility fractures.

⭕ Glucocorticoids.

Glucocorticoids suppress the immune system and are used to treat autoimmune conditions, allergies, asthma, and certain types of cancers.

They also play a role in apoptosis, or programmed cell death (cell suicide). This means that taking glucocorticoids like cortisone, dexamethasone, or prednisone can cause osteoblasts and osteoclasts to die.

The result is greater bone resorption and weaker bones.

⭕ Anticoagulants.

Anticoagulants such as heparin affect Vitamin K levels, disrupt Vitamin D metabolism, and prevent
calcium from being deposited in bone.

⭕ Anticonvulsants.

Anti-epileptic drugs such as phenobarbital, phenytoin, and carbamazepine double a woman’s risk for hip fracture.

These drugs appear to inhibit Vitamin D absorption and lower levels of bone-enriching Vitamin K. Plus, anti-epileptic drugs increase inflammation, trigger the production of osteoclasts, and therefore cause more breakdown of bone tissue.

⭕ Contraceptives.

Oral contraceptives are widely prescribed, but they can lower levels of vitamin B6 and B12.

This causes the inflammatory compound homocysteine to accumulate, contributing to a higher risk for osteoporosis and hip fractures.

⭕ Opioids.

Opioids are commonly prescribed for acute pain
related to injuries or surgery. However, long-term use can lead to serious problems.

Opioids disrupt hormone activity, contribute to osteoporosis, and increase the risk of fracture (particularly in older adults).

Natural alternative forms of pain relief should be taken when necessary to protect the bones.

⭕ Benzodiazepines.

Benzodiazepines such as Diazepam (Valium), Clonazepam (Klonopin), and Alprazolam (Xanax) are prescribed to treat anxiety. However, they also affect dopamine.

Like antidepressants, lowering levels of dopamine
affects other hormones that contribute to bone loss.

⭕ PPIs, H-2blockers, Antacids.

Antacids, H2blockers (Pepcid), and Proton Pump Inhibitors such as Omeprazole (Prilosec) or Lansoprazole (Prevacid) are commonly prescribed to prevent acid reflux.

However, neutralizing stomach acid inhibits the
absorption of calcium and other vitamins that are necessary for the health of your bones. This leads to loss of bone strength and increased risk of fractures.

Please note that stopping certain medications abruptly, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, can be dangerous.

Always talk to your prescribing provider before discontinuing a medication. And remember that there are many natural alternatives to manage medical conditions that won't lead to drug-induced bone problem.

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