Advancement of technology has given new dimensions to teaching and learning. It expands teaching and learning beyond classrooms and the conventional chalk and talk method. The use of audio-visual aids in teaching and learning has a long history. Audio-visual aids are materials with both audio and visual presentation to support teaching and learning particularly in improving comprehension and retention. Prior to the age of radio and television, early audio-visual aids came in the forms of drawings and pictures with oral narrations.
However, Education is necessary for everybody. Education is very vital, deprived of education no can lead a good life. Teaching and learning are the important element in education. The teacher use different approaches and substantial to teach their students and their active learning. With the passage of time, altered methods and techniques are entered in the field of education and teachers use different kinds of aids to make teaching and learning more effective.
Audio-Visual aids therefore, arouse the interest of learners and help the teachers to explain the concepts easily. Visual aids are those instructional aids which are used in the classroom to encourage students learning process. “Visual aids are those sensory objects or images which initiate or stimulate and support learning”. “Audio-Visual aids are any devices which can be used to make the learning experience more real, more accurate and more active”. Audio-Visual aids are also tools that help to make an issue or lesson clearer or easier to understand and know (pictures, models, charts, maps, videos, slides, real objects etc.).

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There are many Audio-visual aids available these days. We may classify these aids as follows; visual aids which use sense of vision are called Visual aids. For example :- models, actual objects, charts, pictures, maps, flannel board, flash cards, bulletin board, chalkboard, slides, overhead projector etc. Out of these, black boards and chalks are the commonest ones. Most significantly, it has converted a common phenomenon to integrate textbooks with audio visual aids as additional or supplementary resource for classroom course learning activities.
Good learning resources can help solve certain language barrier problem as they provide accurate visual image and make learning easier for the student. Another use of learning resources is to clarify the relationship between material objects and concepts to understand. Symbols, graphs, and diagrams can also show associations of location, time, size, value and frequency. By symbolizing the factors tangled, it is even possible visualize abstract relationship. Instructional aides have no value in the learning process if they cannot be seen or heard. Tapes of speeches and sounds should be confirmed for correct volume and quality in the actual environment in which they will be used. Audio-Visual aids must be visible to the whole class. All calligraphy and illustration must be large adequate to be seen easily by the students farthest from the aids'. Colors, when used, should provide clear contrast and easily be visible. The efficacy of aids can be enhanced by proper sequencing to build on former knowledge. Often, good institute and natural patterns of logic command the sequence.
AUDIO-VISUAL
Audio-visual (AV) is electronic media possessing both a sound and a visual component, such as slide-tape presentations, films, television programs, corporate conferencing, church services, and live theater productions.
Audio-Visual aids are those instructional aids which are used in the classroom to encourage teaching learning process. This refers to a learning aid that uses both vision and sound to transmit information and promote learning. They include video tapes, films and demonstrations.
“Any device which by sight and sound increases the individual s' practice outside that attained through reading is labeled as an audio visual aids”. Visual aids are those instructional devices which are used in the classroom to encourage learning and make it easier and motivating. The material like models, charts, film strip, projectors, radio, television, maps etc called instructional aids. Audio-Visual aids are effective tool that “invest the past with an air of actuality.” Visual aids distribute the learners with true knowledge, which detention their devotion and help in the understanding of the ancient marvels. They demand to the mind through the visual auditory senses. When we use visual aids as teaching aid, it is one of the aspects which root participation of students in the lesson because when students look at visual model or aid, it is measured as a kind of contribution
Audio-Visual aids are important in education system. Visual aids are those devices which are used in classrooms to encourage students learning process and make it easier and interesting. Visual aids are the best tool for making teaching effective and the best dissemination of knowledge. Also the uses of visual aids encourage the body movement and it may strengthen the control.
TYPES OF AUDIO-VISUALS
i. Audio Aids examples are Radio, Tape-recorder, Gramophone, Lingua-phone, Audio cassette player, Language laboratory.
ii. Visual Aids examples are Chart, Black and while board, Maps, Pictures, Models, Text-books, Slide projector, Transparency, Flash-cards, Print materials etc.
iii. Audiovisual Aids examples are LCD project, Film projector, TV, Computer, VCD player, Virtual Classroom, Multimedia etc.
TEACHING AND LEARNING
When a person imparts information or skills to another, it is common to describe the action as teaching. Imparting may mean to share experiences or communicating information, for instance, lecture. Teaching is regarded as both an art and science. As an art, it lays stress on the imaginative and artistic abilities of the teacher in creating a worthwhile situation in the classroom to enable students to learn. As a science, it sheds light on the logical, mechanical, or procedural steps to be followed to attain an effective achievement of goals. Teaching is intimate contact between a more mature personality and a less mature one which designed to further the education of the latter”. It is also a form interpersonal influence aimed at changing the behavior potential of another person”. Teaching is also an interactive process, primarily involving classroom talk which takes place between teacher and pupil and occurs during certain definable activities.
Learning is a complex process. It can be defined as a change in disposition; a relatively permanent change in behavior over time and this is brought about partly by knowledge. Learning can happen as an outcome of afresh attained skills, principles, perception, knowledge, facts, and new information at hand. Learning can be reinforced with different teaching/learning resources because they stimulate, motivate as well as focus learners’ attention for a while during the instructional process.
Learning is a key process & is necessary for all educational process. It pervades everything we do and think learning plays an important role in the languages we speak, our customs & beliefs. It involves ways of doing things in an individual attempt to overcome obstacles or to adjust to new situations. It is a progressive change in behavior as individual reacts to a situation in an effort to adopt his behavior effectively to the demands made upon him. Thus learning is change in behavior.
‘Learning is acquisition of knowledge, habits and attitudes. It involves new ways of doing things in order to overcome obstacles or to adjust to new situations. It enables the person to satisfy interests to attain goals.’ ‘Learning is also the acquisition of new behavior or the strengthening or weakening of old behavior as a result of experience.’ It can also be said to be any activity can be called learning as far as it develops the individual (in any aspect, good or bad) & makes his behavior & experiences different from what would otherwise have been.
AUDIO-VISUAL AND STUDENTS LEARNING AND RETENTION
Audio-Visual aids are devices present unit of knowledge through auditory of visual stimuli both with a view to aid learning. They concretize the information to be obtainable and help in making learning practice apple real, active and vital. They supplement the work of the teacher and help in the research of the text books. There is a saying that the foundation of all learning consists in representing clearly to the senses and sensible objects so they can be appreciated easily.
The impact of audio-visual resource can be so great in teaching thus making learning permanent “audiovisual methods seem to facilitate the acquisition, the retention and the recall of lessons learned, because, they seem to evoke the maximum response of the whole organism to the situations in which learning is done. And perceptual materials richly associate themselves with the unique experiential stressed that audio-visual materials are important in the teaching and learning processes because “having seen something, most people remember, for whatever that thing was, it conjures up an image at a mere mention and can be talked freely. Students forget because of lack of interest and opportunity to use the knowledge they have gained later on. Audio-visual resources can therefore contribute to the clarity of information presented by allowing students to visualize what is learned.
Audio-Visual aids give chance to speakers to make a more professional and consistent performance. The teaching career is full with limitless opportunities to enrich the academic survives of students, while some ideas and educational goals will be easy for students to hold, other will need you to think productively to ensure that important learning aims are met. By visual aids in teaching is one mode to enhance lesson plans and give students additional ways to process subject information.
It is only by the use of audio-visual resource that the learners can be offered the opportunity to learn by doing. This is because attention, motivation, concentration and retention of facts are enhanced through the use of audio-visual materials.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, Audio-visual instructions do not only increase the motivation of the teachers and learners; they add clarity to the topic taught and make learning more interesting. Audio - visual materials make learning more permanent since they appeal to more than one sense. Learners retain most of what they hear, see and feel than what they merely hear. Audio-visual instructions encourage the use of audio-visual resources to make abstract ideas more concrete to the learners.
Therefore, the teacher’s duty is to make learning live not just something to remember but part of living experience. This can be done effectively by employing the use of audio — visual resources in teaching and learning as a means of impacting knowledge to learners. However, Educators have come to realize that the most effective teaching and learning take place when an individual is made to have direct experience with the subject under study, in other word, learners can learn best by doing. It is only by the use of audio-visual resource that the learners can be offered the opportunity to learn by doing. This is because attention, motivation, concentration and retention of facts are enhanced through the use of audio-visual materials.

Audio-visual aids have always been the most effective way to consume information. Thankfully, nowadays we have a variety of them. One of the most impactful aids, to my mind, are maps, and especially the ones that contain more information than it may seem at first. I believe that maps have always been a ubiquitous part of our existence, that's why I know how to enter map coordinates and how to navigate in general.