Power supplies such as AC-DC converters rely on electronic components. These power supplies convert alternating current (AC) voltage to direct current (DC) voltage. The electronic circuit known as a “power supply unit” must perform this task reliably for a piece of electronic equipment to function correctly.

A power supply unit consists of four core components. Let’s take a look at each of them before delving into power supply component availability.

1. The Transformer
The transformer is used to step the AC voltage up and down as well as provide isolation between the electronic system and the AC power. It transfers electrical energy between the primary winding and secondary winding, and it does so without changing the frequency. The transformer’s primary winding connects to the ac voltage source, while the secondary one correlates to the load. The two windings aren’t physically connected, but there is an induced voltage in the secondary winding in accordance with Faraday’s law.

2. The Rectifier
The rectifier is responsible for changing AC power to pulsating DC power. The basic rectifier is a diode — that is, a unidirectional device operating as a rectifier in the forward direction. The half-wave, the full-wave bridge type, and the full-wave center-tapped are the three basic rectifier circuits that use diodes.

3. The Filter
The filter changes the pulsating DC produced by the rectifier to a smooth DC level. It suppresses ripple, which is the AC component in a signal following rectification. High ripples can damage the load. There are two main types of filters for power supplies: C-filters and RC-filters. C-filters are the simplest version of the two.

4. The Regulator Circuits
The voltage regulator helps ensure that the DC output voltage is steady regardless of any variation in the input voltage, which enables the load to operate properly. The most common types of regulators are the series voltage regulator and the shunt voltage regulator.

kingvalonline:
Power supplies such as AC-DC converters rely on electronic components. These power supplies convert alternating current (AC) voltage to direct current (DC) voltage. The electronic circuit known as a “power supply unit” must perform this task reliably for a piece of electronic equipment to function correctly.

A power supply unit consists of four core components. Let’s take a look at each of them before delving into power supply component availability.

1. The Transformer
The transformer is used to step the AC voltage up and down as well as provide isolation between the electronic system and the AC power. It transfers electrical energy between the primary winding and secondary winding, and it does so without changing the frequency. The transformer’s primary winding connects to the ac voltage source, while the secondary one correlates to the load. The two windings aren’t physically connected, but there is an induced voltage in the secondary winding in accordance with Faraday’s law.

2. The Rectifier
The rectifier is responsible for changing AC power to pulsating DC power. The basic rectifier is a diode — that is, a unidirectional device operating as a rectifier in the forward direction. The half-wave, the full-wave bridge type, and the full-wave center-tapped are the three basic rectifier circuits that use diodes.

3. The Filter
The filter changes the pulsating DC produced by the rectifier to a smooth DC level. It suppresses ripple, which is the AC component in a signal following rectification. High ripples can damage the load. There are two main types of filters for power supplies: C-filters and RC-filters. C-filters are the simplest version of the two.

4. The Regulator Circuits
The voltage regulator helps ensure that the DC output voltage is steady regardless of any variation in the input voltage, which enables the load to operate properly. The most common types of regulators are the series voltage regulator and the shunt voltage regulator.

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