LNPs mainly contain four components: a neutral phospholipid, cholesterol, a polyethylene-glycol (PEG)-lipid, and an ionizable cationic lipid. Among them, cholesterol (Cas No. 57-88-5) is often included as a helper lipid that improves intracellular delivery as well as LNP stability in vivo and the PEGylated lipid can enhance LNP colloidal stability in vitro and circulation time in vivo.
Traditionally, cholesterol has been derived from eggs or animal sources. However, these sources can be linked to undesired immunological responses, inconsistent quality, and may require stricter regulatory controls.
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