If you're unfamiliar with drones (or even unfamiliar), reading all the words in the industry and expecting to fully understand it can be daunting. That's why we are here to help with the Drone Vocabulary Guide! The goal is to make sure you understand what you are reading, especially the specifications.

Accelerometer

A device for sensing and measuring 3-dimensional acceleration mainly used to help stabilize drones. Usually, these are built into the flight computer.

Automatic leveling

Enables drones to automatically travel in uniform flight.

Autonomous flight

No human intervention is required to complete the flight of the system.

BVLOS

Beyond sight. The operator cannot see any flight of the drone with independent vision (binoculars, cameras, etc.), including when the operator cannot tell which direction the drone is facing.

Coverage area

The area that a drone can cover during flight. For many drones, this will change depending on the payload configuration.

Cruising speed

Speed ​​of the drone during the flight cruise phase.

Anti-collision

The ability to see, sense or detect air traffic or other hazards and take action to prevent collisions.

flight duration

Drone flight time. This is usually the longest time when viewing drone specifications. When scheduling a task, this is the time required to complete the task.

GCS

Ground control station. GCS is usually the interface that operators use to control or issue commands to drones.

Gimbal

An accessory used with the payload option to stabilize cameras and sensors to retrieve better data or to direct the payload in different directions during operation.

GSD

Ground sampling distance. GSD is the distance between pixels in an image measured on the object under inspection (mostly the ground). For example, a 1-inch GSD is equivalent to each pixel in a photo being 1 inch wide, or about a quarter the size. A better GSD usually results in more accurate and higher quality data during pre-processing and post-processing. GSD is a function of payload and height.

Gyro

A device that assists a drone to maintain a reference direction during a flight.

emission

A method of flying a drone from the ground to the air.

Lidar

Light detection and ranging. LiDAR payloads use light (usually by using a pulsed laser) to measure the distance to the earth. LiDAR payloads typically use very fast pulsed laser arrays to collect a large number of data points. These data points will be processed with the data collected for the location of the LiDAR system to build a 3D model.

Sight

The operator can see the drone without glasses and know any flight in its direction.

Lithium-Ion Battery

Lithium-Ion Battery. A battery that typically provides higher efficiency than LiPo, but at the cost of less power available at a given time. These batteries are very useful at low power, and efficiency is paramount. These batteries are also more flammable than others, so it's usually best to equip them with protection circuitry to protect them from dangerous situations.

Lithium battery

lithium polymer battery. Compared to similar-sized lithium-ion batteries, these batteries can often provide large amounts of power quickly, but at the cost of efficiency. These batteries also typically have a shorter life than lithium-ion batteries. These batteries are suitable for high-power activities or systems where efficiency is not critical.

Takeoff weight

The maximum weight at which a drone can safely take off and complete a mission.

Maximum wind

The maximum wind speed that the drone should use. This may apply to gusts or sustained winds, which is usually specified by the manufacturer.

No-fly zone

Where U.S. government restrictions do not allow any drones to fly.

Optical resolution

The resolution provided by optical sensors.

Payload

All options to add to the drone to collect data in a specific way; for example, a camera can provide optical data and a thermal imager can provide thermal data.

range

The linear distance that a drone can fly during a mission.

Operator range

The flight distance from a drone to an operator.

Safe return

A method by which a drone can safely terminate a mission and return to the ground. Operator input may or may not be required.

RSSI

Received signal strength indicator. This measurement can be used to determine signal quality health.

RTK positioning system

Real-time motion positioning system. The RTK positioning system uses a reference station to improve positioning accuracy in real-time.

Semi-automatic flight

During the flight, the operator must provide some input to complete the operation.

Servo

Rotary or linear actuators for precise angular or linear position control. Typically, servos are used in drones to adjust the control surface, or for pneumatic drones, throttle position is used.

Sidebar

The amount of overlap the dataset has on each side of adjacent flight lines.

Spectral band

The range of wavelengths that the sensor can detect. Sensors with multiple spectral bands are particularly useful for determining plant health.

Telemetry equipment

Telemetry equipment can monitor the status and health of the drone.

Thermal resolution

The resolution provided by a thermal sensor.

transmitter

Used to transmit commands to the drone.

Video output resolution

A measure of the best detail that the payload will show in the output data; the larger the number, the finer the detail.

Vertical takeoff and landing

Represents vertical take-off and landing, which means that drones can take off from teams without the need for a launch system.

Waypoint

Program-specific locations into GPS during flight planning to enable drones to track waypoints on their own for autonomous flight.

span

The distance from the wing tip to wing tip when fully assembled and ready for flight.

BY：MMC ——www.mmcuav.com

Japan's "Asahi Shimbun" January 14 issue published a report entitled "The Government intends to strengthen the domestic drone company's assistance policy", said that small drones are being widely used in cargo transportation and other industries, the government decided to introduce assistance policies accordingly, Help domestic enterprises to develop or introduce drone models that can effectively respond to cyber-attacks.

It is reported that the Japanese government plans to submit a new bill at the general meeting of the parliament that opens on the 20th and strives to formally implement this summer.

At present, due to safety considerations, according to the provisions of the "Aeronautical Law" and other regulations, UAVs are restricted to fly around urban areas, nuclear power stations, and other important facilities and beyond the eyes of the operator. The Japanese government's policy is to relax some restrictions before 2022 to facilitate the use of drones in the logistics and security industries with severe shortages.

According to the report, with the popularization of 5G, mainstream drones may be capable of autonomous flight in the future, but there is also the possibility of being manipulated by third parties through hacking means or maliciously intercepting captured video images.

In order to prevent similar situations, the Japanese government will introduce a new law to provide support for aircraft models that have adopted security measures or for the introduction and development of autonomous flight systems. It is reported that when a venture capital company with a government background makes a capital contribution, it will relax some of the approval conditions and will also facilitate the relevant companies to obtain low-interest Japanese policy financial treasury financing.

BY：MMC——www.mmcuav.com

Tethered drone Another function of this tether is data fiber optic cable. When natural disasters occur, communication physical facilities such as base stations are often damaged. The complete restoration takes time. The payload of a tethered drone is generally 5kg-15kg, and the flying height can reach 200 meters. Therefore, a micro base station can be placed, and Signals are transmitted through optical fibers. As long as the plane rises to 50 meters, it can grasp the situation within a few kilometers.

Generate multi-spectral images with the help of a multi-spectral imager equipped on the system to intuitively and comprehensively monitor the surface water environment quality status, and provide thematic maps of environmentally-friendly drone water eutrophication, water bloom, water transparency, and pollution status of suspended solids outlet In order to achieve the purpose of monitoring the water quality characteristics of environmental protection drones. The drone can also be equipped with a mobile atmospheric automatic monitoring platform to monitor the atmosphere in the target area. For pollution factors that cannot be monitored by the automatic monitoring platform, a sampler can be used to collect atmospheric samples in the air and send them back to the laboratory for analysis. The UAV remote sensing system has a strong ability to support safe operations, can enter high-risk areas to work, and effectively avoids the safety risks of monitoring and sampling personnel.

Daily monitoring. Regular fixed-point inspections are one of the main means of daily monitoring and enforcement by the public security department. The traditional fixed-point regular inspection methods require personnel to frequently inspect designated areas, with high labor costs and low inspection efficiency. It takes 3 to 4 to inspect an area at a time. For people, it takes 1 to 2 hours. Only 6 to 8 areas can be inspected in a working day, and there will still be a lot of dead corners. When using a drone for inspection, generally only 2 people are needed, and one area is inspected at a time. Inspection only takes 5-10 minutes, 30 ~ 40 areas can be inspected in a working day, the efficiency can be increased by more than 10 times, and because the drone is high-altitude monitoring, the viewing angle is diverse, the camera is used to scan the ground, and on the ground, Invisible or unclear situations can be seen at a glance from the air, so that more comprehensive image information of the target area can be obtained.

The tethered drone uses a variety of satellite positioning technologies and simultaneously installs a differential GPS system and a single-point GPS system. The differential GPS positioning system can provide positioning accuracy of approximately centimeter level. When the differential GPS fails, the single-point GPS system automatically switches to ensure the normal operation of the system.

The tethered drone flight control has multiple safety measures to ensure the stability of the system.

After the drone data link is abnormal, the drone will automatically land.

The GPS signal is blocked and cannot return to normal for a period of time, and the drone will automatically land.

If the power supply system of the drone fails, the system will automatically switch to backup battery power and land automatically.

Atmospheric monitoring. At present, air pollution is one of the more serious areas of pollution in China. It has seriously threatened people's lives and property. It is urgent to use high-tech means to monitor and prevent environmental disasters or polluting enterprises more effectively. UAVs equipped with atmospheric environmental monitoring equipment can automatically complete the operation. And even if there is an accident, it will not cause direct casualties, which is especially suitable for replacing environmental monitoring personnel or manned aircraft to complete some dangerous tasks. At the same time, due to the mobility of the equipment, it can also improve the efficiency of atmospheric environmental monitoring.

The use of thermal sensors has given drone night vision capabilities, making it a powerful surveillance tool. Drones are able to spot missing people and unfortunate victims in harsh conditions or challenging terrain. In addition to finding victims, drones can drop supplies to unreachable locations in countries that have been damaged by war or disaster. For example, drones can be used to lower walkie-talkies, GPS locators, medicines, food supplies, clothes and water before rescuers move the victims to other locations.

BY:MMC_www.mmcuav.com

With the rapid development of drone technology, the application of drones in power plays an increasingly important role, mainly used for refined inspection of transmission line towers, an inspection of transmission line passages, emergency rescue, and three-dimensional transmission line passages. Modeling, transmission line barriers, and three-span measurements.

Recently, Zhejiang Zhoushan Unicom and State Grid Power Co., Ltd. carried out smart energy--5G drone power inspection flight test experiment with great success. This inspection line is the world's first main 500 kV submarine cable and is one of the reinsurance projects for 5G industry applications in Zhoushan Unicom, Zhejiang.

Affected by the low transmission speed and high latency of the communication network, the existing UAV power inspection data is stored in the TF card of the UAV, and it is exported and processed manually after the inspection, which is time-effective and interactive. There are deficiencies in intelligence. 5G has the characteristics of large bandwidth, low latency, and wide connectivity. 5G + UAV power inspection can effectively solve existing deficiencies and provide targeted solutions, which have great advantages in timeliness, reliability, interaction, and intelligence. Promotion.
by：MMC ——www.mmcuav.com

The NAHB survey also found that while 20% of all home builders are likely to use drones over the next three years, 38% said it would not be possible to use drones at all. However, when drilling into the details, the builder's size comes into play again. Only 13% of builders started at less than 6 units, and they responded that they would use drones in the near future, while 41% of 100 units started or more said they would.
Across the construction industry, including the commercial and industrial sectors, the number of drones used is even more impressive. In fact, a report from the International Association of Self-Driving Vehicle Systems (AUVS I) in April found that the construction and infrastructure industry is one of the largest commercial users of drones.
AUVSI makes an assertion based on the Federal Aviation Administration's exemption data, which shows that the FAA has granted construction and infrastructure companies nearly 1,800 exemptions, accounting for nearly 60% of all industrial applications, and about 40 of the total 4,600 exemptions approved by the FAA. %. Allows companies to apply for FAA drone exemptions so that they do not have to meet the same airworthiness requirements as manned aircraft. The FAA expects to develop rules for drones this year.
In contrast to home builder drone usage figures, For ConstructionPros.com's analysis of AUVSI data found that almost all FAA exemptions issued to construction and infrastructure companies went to those with less than $ 1 million in revenue and less than 10 employees. Small business.
Drones have become a game-changing technology in the construction industry because they can monitor construction sites, take pictures, collect information, and then send them back to the project manager or design team.
by:MMC-www.mmcuav.com

If you want to compare the advantages and disadvantages of China and foreign civilian drones, China can be said to be the only country that has developed drones in a serious direction. There are several major development directions abroad: military, experiment, and entertainment. For large-scale applications, China is the most powerful. And in industrial-grade applications, China will pull other countries further and further in the future.
 
We only talk about industrial drone applications today. Industrial drones, according to their applications, can be divided into five main areas: plant protection, transportation, mapping, inspection (police security, power line inspection, petroleum pipelines, telecommunication cruise, forest fire-prevention ...), relaying.
 
In the industrial-grade market where technology has yet to mature, the market needs to be cultivated, and even users need education, which fields will have bright prospects?
 
There are many nuggets in the field of plant protection, but there are not many real earners, and there are even many companies that pay money to do plant protection. The price war in this area has become increasingly fierce, but the country has realized the importance of this industry and has started actual subsidy actions, which is a very important signal. With state subsidies, the plant protection industry will become China's leading industry in the world.
 
In the field of transportation, SF, JD.com, Youweis, Fanmei, and various logistics e-commerce companies have entered the bureau. However, from the current situation, the industry has not risen much, mainly because logistics drones rely heavily on low-altitude management policies. But the direction of logistics drones is correct and worth optimistic.
 
In the field of surveying and mapping, the industry's prospects are relatively certain, and this area has obvious interaction with national policies. Because the surveying and mapping data has a certain sensitivity, the surveying and mapping industry can also be said to be a semi-policy industry to a certain extent. Judging from the current situation, the surveying and mapping industry has a predictable demand, especially the three national territories, which require a lot of surveying and mapping operations.
 
In the field of inspection, whether it is police security, power line inspection, oil pipelines, telecommunication cruise, forest fire-prevention, etc., there are increasing signs. Of course, there is no large-scale application at present. The main reason is that the products are expensive. Dare to use casually, there are factors such as insufficient product maturity, insufficient integration with the industry, and performance that cannot meet the accuracy requirements.
 
As for the relay field, the demand is relatively small, and it cannot be called an industry. The future trend should be that companies within the industry make relay drones themselves, such as China Mobile for similar relay equipment. If a company specializes in relay aircraft, at least from the demand level, there will be no market and it will be difficult to make a profit.
 
Like civilian drones, China is at the forefront. This is one of China's futures. In the future, several advanced fields in China, including electric vehicles, drones, artificial intelligence, electronic payment, and e-commerce, will be the capital that China will compete with established countries in the future. Why is the country investing money in these things now, because these will be the focus of the future and will be China's future business card? Our e-commerce work is much better than in other countries. E-commerce is integrated with logistics to form a whole and form a network, which will be very powerful in the future. E-commerce is great, and the corresponding electronic payment is also in this network. China will drive neighboring countries to engage in e-commerce, and the future revenue will be great.
 
In terms of civilian drones, whether it is plant protection, line inspections, or inspections, annual sales are rising, but these applications are still few in other countries. For example, in Japan, Yamaha sprayed rice, and Yamaha is now doing more rotors. But nothing seemed to come out. The expensive and cheap plant protection is not in the price, but in the after-sales: maintenance and repair.
 
The Chinese market is at the beginning of the drone industry, and the industry's door is open. Although it looks chaotic, there is a demand, and many companies are doing it. Of course, national policies have not been able to achieve matching in all aspects, which is why it is chaotic because it cannot be regularized. It may also be because everyone has not yet figured out how to plan these five applications, how to prevent their harm, and the technology has not yet reached. But at least everyone has already done it. They haven't started much abroad, so they can only follow China. After China matures, they will follow suit.
BY——MMC——www.mmcuav.com

On January 8, the first snowfall of 2020 fell in Xuzhou, Jiangsu. The State Grid Xuzhou Power Supply Company then organized employees to conduct special post-snow inspections of the 220 kV Fort Sand Line using drones. It is worth mentioning that the line inspector enters the inspection task into the flight control APP, and the drone inspects two of the linear pole towers without any manual intervention. The entire process takes only 12 minutes.
 
In recent years, due to complex transmission line paths, high tower heights, and wide distribution, the refined inspection of transmission towers has been a major problem. However, the previous track inspection of transmission line drones relied on manual collection. Although the technology is simple, quick to get started, and easy to implement, manual track collection has a large workload, slow speed, high cost, inflexible application scenarios, and cannot be fully adapted. Flexible and autonomous inspection requirements in multiple scenarios.
 
"Existing UAV inspection technologies for transmission lines often require manual track collection, which means that a drone needs to manually control the drone to fly once before the drone can achieve automatic flight. The embedded system is relatively closed, and it is impossible to customize the inspection function according to the actual needs of our site. "Zhao Changxin, director of the Transmission and Inspection Office of Xuzhou Company, revealed the shortcomings of the existing technology.
 
In order to solve these problems thoroughly, Xuzhou Company started to promote the construction of an intelligent coordinated inspection system for drones with independent track planning as the core technology in April 2019. From the project establishment, research and development to testing flight, the company successfully developed the UAV transmission line inspection drone with the core technology of autonomous planning of the track for 7 months and realized the "full automatic driving" of the drone. This drone has realized autonomous flight path planning, autonomous flight control, full “zero” manual intervention, and deep integration of the flight control system and camera control system. This is the first time in the state grid company system.
 
Before each inspection, the operator only needs to enter the mission type, route name, inspection tower number and other information in the inspection task into the flight control APP, and the track planning system will automatically generate the inspection track according to the task requirements. After the operator checks and confirms the system settings, just start the drone with one click.
 
The UAV automatic planning control center relies on the basic data such as tower base coordinates and tower details entered by the staff in the basic information database in advance, and queries the mission planning requirements according to the task type, and automatically calculates the flight baseline and the safe flight elevation in turn. , Safe flight axis, working machine position coordinates, orbit transfer point coordinates, inter-tower transfer orbit control coordinates, photographic target center coordinates, photographic control parameters, etc., complete automatic mission planning.
 
At the same time, the drone has a built-in track deviation alarm function and a track deviation processing program to monitor the flight attitude in real-time, and the accuracy can reach 0.2 meters. When the route deviates by 1 meter, the drone will automatically hover and issue an early warning to realize the safety control of the entire process from planning to flight. According to calculations, the battery utilization efficiency of the self-planned track has increased by 30%, and the overall inspection efficiency has increased by more than three times.
 
The significant improvement in data processing quality is also a highlight of this drone. In the autonomous flight planning mode of the drone, the photos taken can be processed fully automatically with independent naming, real-time feedback, and classified storage. The inspection is completed to complete the data processing and the inspection data processing is "zero" man-hours. This is an average reduction of 39 minutes compared with the previous traditional drone inspection.
 
"We also calculated an economic account: using traditional mode drone inspections, manually collecting the track of 1 base pole tower costs about 1,700 yuan. Taking the 6,500 bases 220 kV line in Xuzhou as an example, it costs 11.05 million. Calculated based on the scale of the power grid in Jiangsu Province, it will cost hundreds of millions of dollars. Using the automatic track planning mode will avoid manual collection, which will minimize the cost of inspections, "said Zhao Changxin.
BY：www.mmcuav.com

Recently, China Mobile and Huawei completed the world's first unmanned aerial vehicle 5G high-altitude base station emergency communication test. The high-altitude drone base station has a coverage of more than 6.5KM when flying at 200m altitude.
This test is the first case in the world to verify the coverage capability of a drone plus a 5G communication system, further verify the feasibility and implementation of the 5G high-altitude base station solution, and provide a better emergency communications solution for future earthquake relief work. Play a greater role in the scene.
As everyone knows, with the development of communication technology, drones have played a more and more important role in society, especially the arrival of 5G. Because of its large bandwidth, low latency, and multiple connections, it has given drones new Demand, it can play an important role in different business scenarios such as emergency communications, security, inspection, logistics, agriculture, and forestry, and enable all industries to reduce costs and increase efficiency.
China Mobile Research Institute, Xiong'an New Area Mobile United, Huawei and UAV company have continued their scientific research and innovation. After multiple verifications, new developments have been made in 5G high-altitude base station communications, and they have further broken the issue of coverage.
The pilot was conducted in Xiong'an New District, Hebei Province, and the feasibility of the scheme was fully verified using a tethered drone + 5G high-altitude base station. In terms of the test environment, many factors such as site selection, site survey, test route, airspace application, and weather need to be fully considered; in terms of networking, end-to-end system solutions need to be considered, of which:
Wireless base station solution: Huawei's leading 4 / 5G dual-mode BOOKRRU + custom omnidirectional antenna is adopted, which is smaller in size and lighter in weight, and is convenient to carry around. This solution is a major breakthrough in achieving 5G high-altitude signal coverage.
Transmission scheme: 4G has opened the path for the BBU to connect to the core network via a portable satellite backhaul device. 5G is currently connected to the SA core network through a ground link. After subsequent signal adaptation, the portable satellite backhaul path can be opened.
Core network solution: It adopts SA architecture and is connected to the core network of the Nanjing Region.
Power supply scheme: The power supply cable of the photoelectric system can achieve continuous coverage.
5G UAV High Altitude Base Station
After multiple verifications in different scenarios, the following goals were finally achieved: when the drone is powered on when it is not taking off, the test near-point achieves the signal strength of -68dBm, the uplink rate of 100Mbps, and the downlink rate of 600Mbps: the drone is powered on, high altitude When flying to 200m, it lasts for 4 hours and achieves a maximum coverage of 6.5km.
5G drone altitude test
The success of this pilot provided favorable technical support for the promotion of 5G high-altitude base station communication technology for drones. In the future, China Mobile will continue to work with Huawei to conduct in-depth research to further leverage the value and role of high-altitude base station communication technology to serve the community and benefit the people.
BY：www.mmcuav.com

On the morning of January 3, it was the day of a monthly "physical examination" for the river surge in the section of the Banfu Bridge. An unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with hyperspectral equipment flew over the river surface, and the water quality numerical data in the river surge was transmitted back to the shore computer equipment in real-time. This "sweep and swipe" knows the hyperspectral monitoring and analysis technology of river water quality. It is one of the city's river water automatic monitoring platform projects. Through drone river inspection, it helps river rivers to accurately control pollution.
 
On the morning of January 3, the sun is just right and the visibility is high, which is suitable for "flying" weather. Around 10:30 in the morning, the drone equipped with a hyperspectral instrument took off from the vicinity of the Banfu Bridge. After being lifted vertically to a height of about 150 meters, it slowly flew along the river. Process UAV flight, high spectrometer collected data real-time transmission on the playback computer on the shore. These data, after computer processing, will be converted to the intuitive picture of the creek water quality profile.
 
Back in the office, Xing Qianguo, a researcher at the Institute of Coastal Zone Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, retrieved from the computer the distribution maps of river water quality collected on the cross-section of the Banfu Bridge in September and November 2019, explaining the characteristics of hyperspectral monitoring and analysis technology.
 
For example, Xing Qianguo said that the cross-section of the Banfu Bridge in September 2019 was in the high water period, and the water body was blue. In November of the same year, the cross-section of the Banfu Bridge in the dry season was red, indicating that the water pollution concentration had increased. "There are hundreds of bands in our spectrum, and each band represents a different signal, and different signals indicate that the substances contained in the water are different. For each pixel on the water quality distribution map, we can know the substances contained in it. "In addition to reflecting the quality of river water, Xing Qianguo said that through the use of hyperspectral monitoring and analysis technology, it is also possible to know the specific pollutants in the water.
 
The reporter learned that this "sweep" will know the hyperspectral monitoring and analysis technology of river water quality, which is the key content of the city's river water automatic monitoring platform project. This technology was introduced in July 2019 and is operated by the technical team of the Coastal Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. At present, the hyperspectral monitoring and analysis technology is mainly applied to the main rivers and main tributaries of the six sections of the “Water Ten” assessment section of the city.
BY：www.mmcuav.com

The State-owned Jiangsu Province Electric Power Co., Ltd. independently developed the "Internet Inter-Sky Eagle" transmission line mobile UAV intelligent inspection and inspection equipment was officially delivered in Nanjing. Since then, Jiangsu Power Grid has entered a new era of UAV intelligent inspection.
 
The device is also called the grid inspection mobile airport, and each airport is equipped with a smart inspection vehicle and 4 drones. It is the first set of intelligent mobile inspection equipment for mobile drones in China. It integrates task management, autonomous route planning, one-button intelligent inspection, multi-machine and multi-tasking collaboration, real-time operation monitoring, centimeter-level precise landing, and intelligent inspection defect identification. The functions are integrated into one, and the whole reach the international advanced level, and the transmission line can be clustered, automated and refined.
As the most intensive and largest provincial power grid in China, Jiangsu Power Grid faces the contradiction of a structural shortage of personnel and fast, fast and lean requirements of the power grid. The traditional manual inspection mode has been difficult to meet the high-quality development needs of the power grid. "The mobile airport has realized the implementation of modern information technologies such as smart perception, mobile interconnection, electric power Internet of Things, artificial intelligence. It not only greatly improves inspection efficiency and operation safety, but also realizes the transition from 'decentralized field management and control' to ' "Intensive production command", the transformation from "traditional manual drive" to "data intelligent drive." Said Wang Yongqiang, director of the transmission department of Jiangsu Power Equipment Management Department of State Grid.
To cope with the use of mobile airports, the State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power has independently developed the "Internet Sky Eagle" smart inspection app. One-click operation personnel in the APP can automatically inspect the vehicle. Previously, in pilot operations in Nanjing, Taizhou and other places, mobile airports could complete 60 base pole tower inspection tasks per day, which was 6 times more efficient than traditional manual inspections and 3 to 4 times more efficient than manual drone inspections.
"Every small screw on the line can be found. The pilot effect is very good, and it effectively solves the problems of insufficient staff and high cost in the traditional inspection mode." R & D unit Jiangsu Fangtian Electric Power Co., Ltd. UAV inspection technical service center Director Wang Hongxing introduced that the UAV intelligent management and control center has realized functions such as automatic inspection plan preparation, intelligent strategy optimization, intelligent route planning, intelligent data analysis, and intelligent deployment of operation inspection resources. The system also has the capability of intelligent defect identification and autonomous learning.
According to reports, mobile airport patrols have large coverage and high flexibility and are suitable for patrols of important transmission lines. State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power also deployed fixed drone airports in substations, township power stations, and other places. In this batch, a total of 18 UAV "aircraft carriers", 5 fixed airports, and 300 UAVs equipped with smart inspection APPs have been delivered, achieving comprehensive coverage of independent inspections in 13 cities.
State Grid Jiangsu Power will rely on the provincial drone intelligent management and control center to comprehensively carry out drone inspection operations, and continuously improve the "provincial intensive + autonomous city", "mobile airport + fixed airport + manual assistance" drone collaboration and autonomy Inspection inspection operation mode promotes inspection and improvement of transmission line quality and efficiency. It is expected that by 2021, the coverage rate of UAV inspection of Jiangsu Power Grid will reach 100%, the autonomous inspection rate will be over 90%, the defect intelligent recognition rate will be 80%, the artificial replacement rate will be 60%, and the scene coverage rate will be 80%.
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Zumiao Street, Chancheng District, Foshan, responded to the illegal construction around the Guangmao Railway by starting drones to monitor the buildings along the railways under the jurisdiction of the streets. It only patrolled 10 kilometers in 3 hours. Efficient and cost-effective.
Through the real-time transmission of the high-definition picture and playback function of the drone, the staff can easily check the situation along the railway, find out and deal with the problem in time.
Using drones, you can also monitor railway infrastructure, security risks, and more. We know that traditional railway line inspections are generally performed by staff using ordinary instruments or naked eyes to inspect facilities and manually record the situation. However, this is prone to problems such as record errors, inadequate inspections, and inability to troubleshoot in special locations. Need to spend a lot of human costs and investment.
UAVs have gained good benefits in applications such as power line patrols, bridge monitoring, and urban safety management due to their maneuverability, high-resolution aerial image acquisition, safety and efficiency, and the difficulty in manual field surveys. Similarly, in the railway field, it is also applicable to road maintenance, route selection, address survey, disaster early warning and emergency response.
The UAV railway inspection solution mainly consists of a flying platform, a gimbal camera, and a ground station:
And has the following characteristics:
1. Reliable and stable flight platform to ensure safety;
2. Easy to carry, not affected by terrain, and flexible;
3. Ultra-long control distance, global shooting at high altitude;
4. Advanced three-axis gimbal camera technology, stable and clear picture;
5. High-definition real-time image return and playback record function;
6. Up to 30x zoom effect, easily achieve remote image acquisition;
7. Anti-electromagnetic interference.
Can be applied to these scenarios in the railway field:
1, line infrastructure, safety hazard monitoring
Equipped with a thermal imaging camera to accurately detect transmission lines and line infrastructure monitoring (such as observing rail cracks, deformation, and the condition of sleepers, etc.); detect areas that are difficult for maintenance personnel, such as bridges, tunnels, stations, and power facilities; It can patrol line communication facilities, emergencies, illegal construction, etc. and take photos and collect evidence.
2. Disaster monitoring and evaluation
Assessment of disasters such as landslides and debris flows along the railway, strengthen the prevention and control of sudden disasters.
3. Application of railway project construction
Drones can monitor the progress of railway projects under construction, and even in the erection of power engineering conductors, displaying traction ropes to drive conductor construction, reducing labor intensity, high safety, and avoiding the felling of trees in the corridors.
by：www.mmcuav.com

At present, drones are more and more integrated into daily production and life, and the scope of application has been widely expanded, becoming high-tech equipment with full affinity. Industrial-grade drones have been used in many fields such as agriculture, plant protection, express transportation, disaster rescue, and mapping.
http://www.mmcuav.com/drones/


By the beginning of the 21st century, with the emergence of new technologies such as global satellite positioning and cost reduction, civilian drones have begun to proliferate. As of the end of June 2019, the number of registered drones in China reached 339,000. Statistics show that China ’s consumer drone exports account for about 70% of the world ’s total drone exports, reaching more than 1.2 million.

Behind the rapid development of the drone industry are the continuous advancement of technology and the continuous expansion of the market. It is increasingly recognized that drones can perform tasks that are not convenient for humans. For example, it takes 1-2 hours to manually inspect a base tower, while autonomous drones only need 5-10 minutes to discover hidden dangers that cannot be detected by the human eye, and has a wide range of application scenarios. In the next few years, drones will become a more common tool of labor. Industry insiders pointed out that DJI's success in the field of consumer drones has also promoted the development of the entire industry.

In addition to aerial photography, the consumer-level intelligent drones they launch can also be applied in many fields such as forest patrols, line maintenance, traffic guidance, emergency rescue, and sports game penalty. Drones need to fly higher and more securely without effective supervision. In recent years, relevant departments and local governments have issued many policy documents on drones, which have successively made regulations in the areas of registration, airworthiness, airspace management, operation management, and flight license management to protect the development of the drone industry. In the wave of 5G and artificial intelligence technology, drones will usher in new opportunities.

For example, it can realize the transmission of image data faster, and further expand the flying distance and control range of the drone.

In terms of aerial photography of consumer drones, 5G technology will enhance the user experience, making the picture clearer, data transmission faster, and wider control range. In the future, the upgrading of technology, the expansion of consumer groups, and the expansion of application fields will bring broad development space for the drone industry.

Experts said that drones not only realize people's "flying dreams" in a high-tech, low-cost way but also record our daily lives from an "overlook" perspective.

This is an industry that expands the field of human cognition and activities, and it is also a technologically advanced industry. Establish industry standards, improve relevant laws, and cultivate a larger market. The drone industry will definitely provide more and better services for people's production and life.

Basic articles
 
1. What is a drone?
 
UAV is the abbreviation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. It is an unmanned aircraft using radio remote control equipment and its own program control device, including unmanned helicopters, fixed-wing aircraft, multi-rotor aircraft, and unmanned airships. , Unmanned paraglider. In a broad sense, it also includes near-space vehicles (20-100 km airspace), such as stratospheric airships, high-altitude balloons, solar drones, and so on. From a certain perspective, drones can perform complex aerial flight tasks and various load tasks under unmanned conditions, and can be regarded as "air robots".
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2. What is flight control?
 
The so-called drone flight control is the drone's flight control system, which mainly includes gyroscope (flying attitude perception), accelerometer, geomagnetic induction flight control, air pressure sensor (rough control of hover height), ultrasonic sensor (low altitude) Precise control or obstacle avoidance), optical flow sensor (precision determination of horizontal position when hovering), GPS module (rough positioning of horizontal position and height), and control circuit. The main function is to automatically maintain the normal flight attitude of the aircraft.
 
Remote control articles
 
1. Remote control and receiver?
 
An airplane aircraft needs to be controlled by a device. This device is a remote control. The corresponding aircraft needs a device that can receive commands from the remote control. This device is a receiver. The remote controller and the receiver communicate via radio waves. The commonly used radio frequencies are 72Mhz and 2.4Ghz (in the early days, 72MHZ long wave was mainly used, and now technology advances mainly use 2.4GHZ short wave). The remote controller can set some flight parameters, such as the forward and reverse of the throttle, the sensitivity of the joystick, the neutral position adjustment of the steering gear, the function definition of the channel, the recording and reminder of the aircraft time, the setting of the liver function, and the advanced model Battery voltage and current data returned and so on.
 
2. Crystal and frequency?
 
When using a 72MHz remote control, due to the openness of radio waves, from 72.010MHz to 72.99MHz in the 72Mhz band, a channel is allocated every 20kHz, a total of 50 channels, so that there is one each for the remote control and the receiver A frequency generator (crystal oscillator) with the same frequency allows the receiver and the remote control to communicate at the same frequency. With the advancement of technology, the 2.4Ghz remote control no longer needs to be paired with a single crystal. It only needs to directly perform frequency calibration between the remote control and the receiver, so that the remote control and the receiver can directly establish a communication connection. For home use remote control toys, due to requirements and price reasons, 40MHZ and 27Mhz are mainly used. Sometimes the remote control with the same frequency can be universally operated with each other. This problem also exists on the aircraft model. Therefore, when the 72Mhz remote control was used early, When you arrive at the flying field, everyone will first understand each other's remote control frequency bands to avoid miscommunication operations. 2.4Ghz, now commonly used, is not needed.
 
3. Definition and requirements of remote control channel?
 
The remote control will have several channels to control, commonly known as several channels. For example, the common SkyFly 6 is six channels. An airplane aircraft, some of which need to be manually controlled by remote control. For example, power control, commonly known as throttle, elevator, rudder, aileron, flaps, landing gear, smoke puller, lights, etc., each item needs a separate channel to control, but some items need to be very precise and non- Level operations, such as throttle, lift, direction, aileron, and some item controls are fixed to several gear operations, such as flaps, landing gear, lights, etc. For the above remote control, there are rocker and joystick definitions, such as throttle, Lift, direction, ailerons are operated with joysticks, and flaps, landing gear, lights, etc. are operated with joysticks.
 
4. What are the differences and definitions between Japanese and American hands?
 
Because the areas where the model activities were carried out earlier were in Japan and North America, the functions of the two joysticks and four channels in the controller are different in these two areas. As in Japanese hands, the left stick: the up and down elevator, the left and right are rudders; the right stick: the up and down are throttle rudders, and the left and right are aileron rudders. American hand left stick: throttle up and down, left and right rudder; right stick: up and down, elevator, left and right aileron rudder. This is mainly based on personal preferences. It is like driving a car with a left rudder, mainly in mainland China and North America, a right rudder, mainly in the Commonwealth countries and some regions, such as the United Kingdom and Hong Kong. From the perspective of theoretical safety, the left rudder is better in the northern hemisphere, but more of it is mainly a matter of habit formation. The advantages and disadvantages of the American hand and the Japanese hand are usually the difference in operating speed in the operation of some extremely difficult movements. Usually, everyone uses more Japanese hands for the fixed-wing and more American hands for the helicopter.
 
5, the choice and brand of the remote control?
 
The remote controls are imported and domestic brands. The domestic ones are Tiandifei, Walkera, FlySky, FrSky, RadioLink, and Futaba (Japan), JR (Japan), ROBBE (Germany), Graupner (Germany), the early domestic electronic level was poor, and the quality of the control was average. Now the quality of domestic control is quite stable, and the cost is high. The Chinese interface of the device is easy to operate and affordable, and the matching receiver is also cheap. A set of remote control and receiver can not exceed 1,000 yuan. Choose Futaba T8FG 14SG, JR 9X XG7XG11, the price set starts from 1500, and the receiver is expensive. Beginners can start with FS-I6 or FrSky Tanaris X9D, and then upgrade according to the needs of the aircraft they are playing. Usually, fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters only need six channels to control, and even early four channels can be used, that is, the throttle. , Aileron, lift direction.
6. What is the difference between PCM and PPM?
 
This mainly refers to the encoding method of the remote control. PPM is equivalent to analog transmission. The radio waveform is directly transmitted to the receiver and transmitted to the servo for execution. The receiving needs to have decoding and restoring process, which is passed to the servo for execution. Similar to the previous analog signal transmission television and the current digital signal television.

Allows daily use of small and medium-sized UAVs for low-horizon flight

Uniform agreement with UAV cloud server can provide drone flight trajectory services and other functions for air traffic control

On December 24, the reporter learned from China Mobile (Chengdu) Industrial Research Institute (hereinafter referred to as "Chengdu Research Institute" that Chengdu Research Institute recently released the world's first drone-specific 5G communication product-Hubble One, which will mainly Communication link for drones.

"The design of this 5G product is mainly to solve the problem of over-the-horizon flight of drones," said Chen Shengwei, head of the 5G communication product project team for the drone of Chengdu Research Institute. At present, the main flight mode of drones is in line of sight Flying, the flight distance is within a few kilometers, "Hubble 1 allows small and medium-sized UAVs with more daily use and low-horizon flying."

This is a task that 4G modules could not complete before. Chen Shengwei explained: "Simply speaking, 4G signals mainly cover planes, and there is not much coverage in stereo vertical distance, while 5G signals can be covered in three dimensions." 5G large-scale antenna array technology allows a single base station within 3 kilometers and a vertical distance of 300 meters. Keep a stable signal. "At this vertical distance, 4G signals have many coverage dead zones at low altitudes, which cannot meet the application requirements for continuous coverage of drones."

The products released this time are specifically tailored for drones. Compared with existing mobile phones, the performance is stronger. "We did an experiment. We mounted an ordinary 5G mobile phone on the drone, and about 200 meters, the video of the 720p backhaul has begun to freeze; while the special product of the 5G drone is raised to 300m in the air and back to 1080p. The videos are very smooth. "Chen Shengwei said that this drone 5G communication product will be mass-produced early next year.

In addition, in order to meet the mounting requirements of small and medium-sized drones, the module has been designed to be lightweight. The overall weight is 130 grams, which can meet the size and weight requirements of drones in most industries. The product also integrates 5G multi-antenna design and supports different networking modes of SA / NSA.

The product also integrates air traffic control docking capabilities. "Now the communication protocols of various [URL="http://www.mmcuav.com"]drone manufacturers[/URL] are private protocols, and they are not connected. When communicating information, they speak different 'languages', and our module unifies the protocols to the civil aviation management platform. Everyone says the same type.' Language and communication and management are more convenient. "Chen Shengwei said that a unified protocol with the drone cloud server can provide functions such as drone flight trajectory services for air traffic control.

"In the future, we will take the 5G network as the core and integrate the three business flows of application, air traffic management, and flight control, so that the drone integrated into the 5G network can achieve more precise control and provide a reliable guarantee for the low-altitude communication of the drone." Su Yu, deputy dean of Chengdu Research Institute, said that in addition to the field of drones, in the next step, Chengdu Research Institute will continue to work on 5G application research and development in vertical industries such as telemedicine, smart education, and smart agriculture to promote the province's digital economic development.

Leading flying car developer SkyDrive Inc. has successfully piloted a freight drone, which is expected to revolutionize the way heavy goods are transported and speed up the movement of equipment in remote areas. The first operational test was conducted earlier this month (December) in Toyota, Japan, testing the technology by moving heavy equipment in remote areas. More tests will take place later this month.

This new technology has been tested for a load capacity of 30 kg-using SkyDrive's leading aircraft development technology to achieve high safety standards. The technology is expected to be further developed to achieve greater load capacities of 50 kg and 80 kg (depending on demand). The freight drone also has the potential to change the way products are moved from factories to warehouses and transfer stations.

"We are pleased to have successfully tested this leading technology. Our freight drone has proven to be able to safely lift up to 20 kilograms of cargo in mountainous areas, saving time," said SkyDrive CEO Tomohiro Fukuzawa. And money. We look forward to continued efforts in the future to test heavier loads for our customers. Our goal is to create cutting-edge technologies that increase the productivity of businesses around the world, and today we are embracing an important milestone in achieving this goal.

However, in China, major drone manufacturers are also working on drone express delivery and logistics distribution, as well as manned drones, and have achieved staged results. For example, drone delivery has been tested in Hangzhou Operation, but currently many problems in the sea area need to be resolved.

note:

SkyDrive is developing freight drones for industries that need to transport heavy materials on complex terrains such as slopes, valleys, flyovers, transmission towers, civil / construction sites, farmland, and more. The use of freight drones will help avoid dangerous operations, save manpower, and reduce construction time. As a result, SkyDrive can help cope with labor shortages and improve Japan's decline in labor productivity as a result of the decline in population.

Freight drone technical details:

Businesses can use freight drones to transport materials to hard-to-reach places such as slopes, valleys, overpasses and steel tower repair sites.

Basic specifications:

Total length 1.3 meters x total width 1.7 meters x total height 1.0 meters Suggested payload: 30 kg Flight speed: 40 km / h Flight time: 15 minutes Winch principle, moving up and down without landing
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In recent years, with the development and application of the geographic information industry, remote sensing, as the front end of the geographic information industry, has also received much attention. Traditional geospatial data acquisition methods are facing the challenges of modern technology and equipment. Advances in remote sensing technology, especially the large number of high-resolution satellite imagery applications and the development of aerial remote sensing, have injected fresh blood into the data acquisition methods.

The advantages of satellite remote sensing images need not be repeated, and they have been welcomed by the masses as a supplement to vector maps. However, as a professional geographic information application, its insufficient data acquisition ability, poor current situation, and slow return visits are its flaws. Compared with satellite remote sensing, traditional large aircraft aerial photography is more flexible and the image quality is higher, but the process of aircraft leasing, airport management, and airspace application is too complicated, and the requirements for clouds are relatively high. At the same time, with the development of communication technology, sensors, and other technologies, surveying and mapping drones have emerged as a low-cost, high-precision, easy-to-use remote sensing image acquisition equipment, and have been used in traditional surveying and mapping, digital city construction, geographical conditions Good results have been achieved in monitoring and emergency response.

UAV mapping

Since the 1980s, unmanned aerial vehicles have been used in surveying and mapping projects abroad. Before the global positioning system was opened to civilian use, unmanned aerial vehicles could only perform aerial photography operations through simple remote control operations. There are many types of drones, including drones and airboats.

Airboats have been around for more than 200 years and have been transformed from hot air balloons. Initially, airboats were mainly used for military strikes and later used for high-altitude reconnaissance. As a low-cost, convenient-to-operate aircraft, many surveying and mapping units have some new-type surveying and mapping airboats. But the shortcomings of the airboat are very obvious: it takes a long time to prepare for take-off because a large amount of helium needs to be injected before the flight; too much time is wasted due to the need to overcome the air resistance during take-off and landing; It is difficult to run stably in harsh conditions.

Compared with empty boats, surveying and mapping drones are also less expensive and highly operable. They can take off and land anytime, anywhere, do not require much preparation time, and can adapt to different terrain and weather conditions. An excellent means of aerial photography, and has become more and more popular in surveying and mapping units.

Mapping drone advantages

Drones are equipped with sensors for shooting aerial remote sensing images. On the one hand, low-altitude remote sensing is widely recognized and needs to be robust; on the other hand, compared with other remote sensing data acquisition methods, mapping drones have irreplaceable advantages:

Cost-effective

At present, the price of domestic surveying and mapping drones on the market is between hundreds of thousands to hundreds of thousands, and the number of reusable times is large. It is not easy to be damaged except for major accidents, and there are no other additional use costs. In areas where the natural environment is relatively harsh, such as plateaus, offshore, etc., even if there is an accident, there will not be much less. Images with a resolution of up to 0.05 meters are more accurate than satellite images.

Easy to carry and transport

Fixed-wing surveying and mapping UAV wingspan generally does not exceed 3 meters and can be easily disassembled. During the execution of the project, the operator and all equipment can be transported to the destination at the same time as long as the disassembled drone equipment is placed in an ordinary pickup truck. After arriving at the scene, the drone assembly and commissioning can be completed within half an hour.

No venue requirements

The traditional surveying and mapping drone take-off method are generally skid-up, which requires a relatively horizontal runway of 30 meters to 50 meters to take off. With the introduction of emerging equipment, the venue is no longer an obstacle to drone take-off and landing. In addition to sliding up, common UAVs can take off by catapult or hand throw, and they can parachute directly when landing, which is extremely convenient for field operations. The ejection frame can be fixed on the roof of the work vehicle, or it can be spread on the ground after deployment.

Maneuverable

The mapping drone can determine the flying height according to the required image resolution. In most cases, the flying height is generally 100 meters to 1000 meters. Most of the cameras used in mapping drones use fixed-focus lenses. The difference in flying height directly affects the resolution of the final image. By designing the route and determining the flight height before the flight, you can obtain the ideal data.

Little affected by weather

In traditional aerial photography, the biggest concern for large aircraft aerial photography is the unsatisfactory weather conditions. Once cloudy weather occurs, it will seriously affect the imaging effect. But mapping the drone's flying height determines that the cloud thickness will not affect the imaging, especially when acquiring high-resolution images and flying at low altitudes.

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In recent years, the Hekou District Procuratorate of Dongying City has actively responded to the new requirements of the new era, created a "smart inspection service", established a "drone + prosecutor + marshal" working model, and created a new situation of ecological environmental protection public interest litigation.

In the process of advancing the public interest litigation of ecological environmental protection, the hospital has explored and formed a "prosecutor + drone + bailiff" working model and established a drone inspection and evidence collection team. The inspection and evidence collection team consisted of 4 people: 1 prosecutor, 1 prosecutor assistant, 1 bailiff, and 1 technician who obtained the CAAC drone driving license. Prosecutors are responsible for clues investigation and determination of the location of the incident; assistant prosecutors are responsible for assisting the prosecutor in issuing relevant documents; bailiffs are responsible for maintaining order at the scene and contacting local public security agencies; technical staff are responsible for determining the coordinates of the incident locations and reporting airspace applications, Use drones for forensics, etc.

Using drone applications to carry out rapid and low-environmental evidence collection, which effectively reduces the risk that prosecutors will not be able to enter evidence collection points under traditional working modes, and may even encounter unexpected incidents such as violence hindering evidence collection. Combined with the diversified new data collection and processing technology of drones, the efficiency of on-site forensics has been greatly improved, the quality of evidence has been significantly improved, and air-ground integration and diverse forensics have been achieved.

Any innovative work needs a perfect mechanism as support and guarantee. The institute has researched and formulated the "Procedure for Procuratorial Drone Procurement Work", "Cooperation Mechanism for Technology and Public Interest Litigation", "Drone Management System and Usage Specifications" and other systems. , To further regulate case handling behavior.

At present, on the basis of the increasingly mature "drone + prosecutor + marshal" working model, the hospital further explores the deployment of smart prosecution, constructs a remote command system for public interest litigation investigation and evidence collection, and forms a smart investigation and evidence collection platform for public interest litigation to leverage The difficulty in the practice of public interest litigation investigation and evidence collection has brought the public interest litigation work of Hekou District Procuratorate to a higher level.
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Aerial photography, delivery, spraying pesticides ... At present, drones are more and more integrated into daily production and life, and the scope of application has been widely expanded, becoming high-tech equipment with full affinity.

Has been used in many fields such as agriculture, plant protection, express transportation, disaster relief, mapping

"Litchi picked in the morning, arrived at the buyer's table in the afternoon, drones have greatly saved manpower and material costs." Yin Zhihong, director and senior engineer of Haiying Aviation General Equipment Co., Ltd. said that drones will become a solution to logistics Deliver technology products for the "last mile" issue.

Drones were first used in military applications such as aerial reconnaissance in the last century. By the beginning of the 21st century, with the emergence of new technologies such as global satellite positioning and cost reduction, civilian drones have begun to proliferate. As of the end of June 2019, the number of registered drones in China reached 339,000. Statistics show that China ’s consumer drone exports account for about 70% of the world ’s total drone exports, reaching more than 1.2 million. Shenzhen has 70% of the world's civilian small drone market share, becoming a global benchmark for drone products. Shenzhen also has more than 300 drone companies such as DJI, Yidian and MMChttp://www.mmcuav.com
, with annual sales exceeding 20 billion yuan.

According to the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting and Regulating the Development of Civilian UAV Manufacturing Industry" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China in 2017, by 2020, the civilian UAV industry will continue to develop rapidly and its output value will reach 60 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of more than 40%. . By 2025, the output value of civilian drones will reach 180 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of more than 25%.

Behind the rapid development of the drone industry is the continuous advancement of technology and the continuous expansion of the market.

"Drones are the result of the combination of traditional aviation and emerging electronics and communication technologies. This industry is mainly driven by technology." Shi Shengqing, deputy general manager of Zero Degree Intelligent Control, said that the development of integrated circuits and communications technologies in recent years has not only made traditional The volume and weight of the human-machine have been greatly reduced, and the unimaginable flight form of traditional aviation has become a reality.

Ma Hongzhong, chairman of Haiying Aviation General Equipment Co., Ltd. believes that market demand is also driving the development of the drone industry. "People are increasingly realizing that drones can perform tasks that are inconvenient for humans. For example, it takes 1-2 hours to manually inspect a tower, while autonomous drones only take 5-10 minutes to discover The hidden dangers that cannot be found by the human eye are widely used. "

At present, drones have been applied in many fields such as aerial photography, agriculture, plant protection, express transportation, disaster rescue, mapping, and power inspection. In the next few years, drones will become a more common tool of labor. Shi Shengqing believes that drones have the possibility of integration with various industries, especially in helping to upgrade traditional industries, the advantages of drones are particularly obvious.

Industry insiders pointed out that DJI's success in the field of consumer drones has also promoted the development of the entire industry. In addition to aerial photography, the consumer-level intelligent drones they launch can also be applied in many fields such as forest patrols, line maintenance, traffic guidance, emergency rescue, and sports game penalties. "DJI's success has refreshed the world's understanding of drones. Low prices have led to the rapid proliferation of consumer drones, allowing the public to use, want, use, and dare to use drones." Liu Yang, CEO of Carrier Technology It is believed that the success of DJI has strengthened the determination of practitioners to enter the industrial and consumer drone markets.

Strengthen supervision, train talents, improve laws and regulations, and promote healthy competition in the industry

Drones need to fly higher and more securely without effective supervision. In recent years, relevant departments and local governments have issued many policy documents on drones, which have successively made regulations in the areas of registration, airworthiness, airspace management, operation management, and flight license management to protect the development of the drone industry. .

"Drones allow information acquisition methods to be upgraded from the ground to the sky, which reduces the burden of ground construction while receiving massive new information. At present, drones still have huge room for improvement." Shi Shengqing said.

Behind the boom in drone development, there are also problems. "Drones involve a wide range of industries and technologies are extremely complex. In addition to the particularity of the product, there is a large demand for talent and a large investment in research and development. Contradictions. "Shi Shengqing said.

The development of the drone industry is inseparable from the support of talents. As of the end of 2018, 4,049 drone companies in China have obtained operating licenses, and the Civil Aviation Administration of China has issued 43,000 drone driving licenses. Analysis of market agency data shows that the demand for drone pilots in the next five years is expected to be nearly 1 million.

Liu Yang said, "Aerospace is originally a highly professional industry. Unmanned aviation has to face the various needs of various industries and markets, and its specialty is more subdivided. In addition to development, the prosperity of unmanned aviation requires a lot of professional operations Team and applied talent. "

There is also chaos in the market operation of the drone industry. With the rapid development of DJI after 2013, civilian drones have become "capital darlings", many venture capital and commercial resources have begun to enter the civilian drone field, and a large number of drone companies have emerged. Ma Hongzhong said that civil drones, especially consumer drone manufacturers, have different strengths and weaknesses, and homogeneous competition is very serious. Drone industry access standards are not uniform, affecting the competitiveness of the industry.

In addition, relevant laws and regulations are not complete. Until the promulgation of the "Interim Regulations on the Management of Unmanned Aircraft Flight (Draft for Solicitation of Comments)", "Administrative Measures for the Operational Flight Activities of Civilian Unmanned Aircraft (Interim)", and other related regulations, the drones in China are subject to operating permits and penalties. Only in terms of methods and other aspects have they embarked on the road of "law-based". However, at this stage, there is still a certain gap between the relevant regulations from theory to practical application.

"It has only been 10 years since the drone entered the civilian market. The successful development of the flight hardware platform is only the first step. The supporting laws and regulations, control methods, business models, and later data processing have not yet kept up." Liu Yang believes that these problems restrict In view of the standardized development and healthy competition of the drone industry.

Drones are expected to enter an era of greater intelligence and miniaturization

In the wave of 5G and artificial intelligence technology, drones will usher in new opportunities. For example, image data can be transmitted faster, and the flying distance and control range of the drone can be further expanded.

"The low-latency characteristics of 5G will free drone control from distance restrictions. In this way, large-scale deployment of drones will become possible. The combination of drones and artificial intelligence will make them more compact." Shi Shengqing Said that 5G and artificial intelligence technology will push drones into an era of more intelligence and miniaturization. At that time, more drone applications will be generated that replace drones with artificial, sky with ground, and group operations with individual operations.

Yin Zhihong believes that the combination of drones and 5G will accelerate the formation of space-based Internet. In terms of aerial photography of consumer drones, 5G technology will enhance the user experience, making the picture clearer, data transmission faster, and wider control range.

Since the drone gradually entered the sight of ordinary consumers, it has experienced rapid development for 10 years. In the future, the upgrading of technology, the expansion of consumer groups, and the expansion of application fields will bring broad development space for the drone industry.

Experts said that drones not only realize people's "flying dreams" in a high-tech, low-cost way, but also record our daily lives from a "overlook" perspective. This is an industry that expands the field of human cognition and activities, and it is also a technologically advanced industry. Establish industry standards, improve relevant laws, and cultivate a larger market. The drone industry will definitely provide more and better services for people's production and life.

According to a recent report by the Financial Times of the United Kingdom, the global commercial drone market is expected to grow from US $ 4 billion to US $ 40 billion in the next five years. From the perspective of global market development, the commercial drone market has grown rapidly and has not suffered any economic impact En Environmental impact.
 
Gartner predicts that the total shipments of the global Internet of Things (IoT) enterprise drones (defined as unmanned aerial vehicles) will reach 526,000 units in 2020, a 50% increase from 2019. By 2023, global IoT enterprise drone shipments are expected to reach 1.3 million units.
  
From package transportation to smart farms, the application of drones has penetrated into people's daily lives. Among them, it can replace difficult tasks that are difficult to complete by humans alone, such as forest fire detection, water quality detection, traffic management, etc. Mature applications in these areas make the value of drones even more prominent.
 
However, while the industry's technology is developing rapidly, many people in the industry have said that if there is no corresponding standard, the market will once be in chaos. Recently, the International Standards Organization released new industry standards to further regulate the development of the drone market and ensure safety and high-quality services.
 
At the beginning of 2019, the International Standards Organization (IPO) released the first step of the ISO / CD 21384 series of standard drones (a total of three, ISO / CD 21384-1 / 2/3), of which the third part The operating procedures have recently been revised and announced to meet the market's requirements for commercial and safety drones.
 
According to standard setters, hundreds of applications for small unmanned aerial systems (UAS) alone will benefit from the standard, including construction, safety, security, mining, offshore operations, etc., and the breadth of drone applications is continuing. Extended, but the industry is still in its infancy. Before large-scale commercial applications arrive, there are still many obstacles that need to be overcome. ISO 21384-3 provides a standard framework for the industry to achieve more secure and extensive drone applications.
 
It is reported that the Standards Committee is currently working on related supplementary agreements to ensure safety, quality, and technical terminology. Relevant standards such as product systems, jargon, and drone operator training are also coming soon.
 
Coincidentally, the formulation of domestic drone-related standards in 2019 is also in full swing:
 
On January 2, the Shenzhen Municipal People's Government reviewed and approved the Interim Measures for the Management of Shenzhen's Civilian Light and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, and implemented them in March;
 
On January 3, in order to further regulate the operation of light and small drones, and solidify the successful experience of the trial operation of the early drone cloud system, to ensure that the management philosophy and policies are compatible with the development of drone technology, the Flight Standards Department of the Civil Aviation Administration of China revised Advisory Circular "Regulations for Operation of Light and Small UAVs";
 
3On March 28, 2019, the Standing Committee of the Zhejiang Provincial People's Congress reviewed and approved the "Regulations for the Public Safety Management of Unmanned Aircraft in Zhejiang Province", and it was officially implemented on May 1. The regulations start from three perspectives: real names, restrictions, and strict management, and make corresponding provisions on the safety of drones from the legal level.
 
It is not difficult to conclude from the above information that the commercial drone market environment will be further standardized. The introduction of drone standards means that the standardization of business development and application standardization of the drone industry is taking shape, which will also accelerate the widespread use of drone technology. The development of the industry allows users to enjoy a more secure and efficient experience.
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The collapse of a bridge is a sudden event that happens from time to time and it has a huge impact on our society. For many reasons, poor maintenance is the main cause of many collapsed bridges. In addition, there are cases of bridge aging. To prevent such unnecessary events, continuous bridge monitoring and timely maintenance must be performed.
 
In bridge inspection, visual inspection is the most widely used method, but it relies heavily on the experience of inspectors. It is also time-consuming, labor-intensive, costly, disruptive and even unsafe for the inspectors. To address its limitations, in recent years, there has been an increasing focus on the use of drones, which are expected to make the inspection process safer, faster, and more cost-effective. In addition, it can cover areas that are difficult for inspectors to reach. However, this approach is still in its original stage, and there are still many issues that need to be addressed before it can be truly implemented.
 
Taking the United States as an example, data from 2016 shows that the number of bridges with structural defects and problems accounts for 10% of the total number of existing bridges, and the average service life of these bridges is 43 years. For another example, in Japan, half of the bridges will have a service life of 50 years by 2030. The aging problem of bridge infrastructure is inevitable, so measures and measures need to be deployed in advance.
 
Before deploying countermeasures and measures, you need to have an accurate understanding of the current state of the bridge. This requires effective data obtained through monitoring and evaluation. Usually, the visual inspection is performed by humans. This method is time-consuming, high cost and unstable accuracy.
 
Shortboard and problems
 
In recent years, drones have become more and more frequently used in various fields. Using drones to detect bridges can solve the limitations of existing or traditional methods while increasing safety and speed. Through image acquisition equipment, a large number of digitized images and information can be obtained, which can make the bridge detection information more rigorous.
 
Speaking of applications, in reality, there are still many technical challenges. For example, the localization and detection of drones take a long time, and so on.
 
Summarizing the problems faced by applying drones to bridge health monitoring can be divided into four main areas.
 
First, can the drones in the area to be detected be reached? In practice, it is often uncertain. In addition, how does the drone accurately fly in the direction defined by GPS? In practice, drones generally use GPS navigation, but GPS signals are easily interfered with by external conditions, and there are no signals and unstable signals. How to obtain accurate and effective data when the drone enters the monitoring area It also needs to be carefully considered.
 
Second, how to skillfully apply the performance of drones to bridge detection. Generally, commercial drones are affected by factors such as self-weight and wind when flying, and it is difficult to control when driving. From this perspective, drones used for bridge detection need to have special characteristics.
 
Third, the acquisition of image data. Whether the image quality of the data obtained by the drone can meet the requirements is the most critical point.
 
Fourth, how to quickly get information about the damage when the bridge is damaged.
 
solution
 
First, the positioning of drones, especially under the bridge, is about the GPS-defined environment. In South Korea, relevant organizations have studied video-based SLAM methods to address this issue. This method is based on probe technology and uses a camera and RMU to estimate the position of the drone under the bridge. The test results obtained by this method improve the accuracy of GPS positioning and obtain the corresponding detection data information, so that the condition of the bridge can be seen very clearly.
 
Second, regarding the restrictions and limitations of the drone's accessibility, the current research result is to use drones with attachment capabilities for detection. It can be very tightly attached to the structure that needs to be detected. This drone can easily detect parts and structures with relatively large inclination.
 
Third, the use of UAV performance. If only conventional commercial drones cannot meet the bridge detection operation. At present, special drones are being researched, which are designed to implement customized drones for bridge detection, focusing on functions required for detection, including flight status, accuracy, and maneuverability.
 
Fourth, identification and detection of damage. It is used for the identification of different types of damage, mainly for the detection of cracks. The R-CNN method can be used to obtain the existing image of the concrete structure. The acquired image is placed in the analysis grid for further crack analysis. R-CNN can be divided into two modes: fast R-CNN and masked R-CNN. This involves addressing the third issue, assessing the quality of the image after acquiring it, and then finding the corresponding breakpoint.
 
At present, there are also monitoring and analysis cases of applying drones to bridge coating thickness and corrosion diagnosis. By acquiring data and analyzing, you can understand the coating thickness and material corrosion situation, and realize visual observation of these situations through fixed-point monitoring. However, there are some defects in the process, such as false alarms. In this case, a hybrid scanning system can be used, and a more comprehensive image can be observed. The accuracy can be increased by 40% and the false alarm rate can be reduced.
 
At present, many infrastructure security companies are doing this kind of project practice. The goals of these studies are based on the use of drones for better, more comprehensive, and more accurate bridge detection, which can save time, cost, manpower, and effectiveness. And other aspects have been comprehensively improved.
 
by：http://www.mmcuav.com

Some time ago, a logistics drone, code-named Vesper, debuted in Guangzhou, and it was delivering a box of hot takeaways. The air logistics route that was commissioned on the same day started at Guangzhou Tianhe Software Park and ended at Jifei Technology Guangzhou Headquarters. The total flight distance was about 1.6 kilometers. The whole flight was extremely stable, the soup was not spilled, and the food was still hot when received. If the leg strength of the takeaway brother is estimated, the distance of 1.6 kilometers includes waiting for traffic lights and the time to go up and downstairs. It takes about 10 minutes to complete this order. According to the on-site food trial distribution demonstration, using drones to deliver takeaway, the one-way delivery time can be reduced to 3 minutes.
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It is understood that this aircraft was jointly developed by Airbus Europe and Jifei Technology. In terms of security, the aircraft will be based on a centimeter-level high-precision navigation network composed of more than 2,000 RTK base stations across the country, and automatically and accurately fly according to preset routes; it is safe to take out, and it is equipped with an independent drone parachute protection system with high sensitivity throughout Detect flight deviation and escort for safe flight. The UAV uses a high-efficiency four-rotor design with a maximum take-off weight of 19.4kg, a payload of 5kg, a maximum flight time of 25 minutes, a cruise speed of 43.2km / h, and a maximum flight speed of 12m / s. Of course, fast is not the only goal of drone delivery. It is more important to improve the logistics and distribution network. The range of people ordering is no longer restricted to 3 ~ 5 kilometers, and merchants located far away can also order and deliver.

Vesper logistics drone trial run

In recent years, the use of drones for terminal distribution has been a major trend in the development of the industry. Many countries and enterprises are focusing on the development and application of drones in this field. In addition to drones, there are unmanned delivery vehicles launched by Meituan Takeaway.

Unmanned delivery vehicles are mainly used in outdoor closed park distribution scenarios. It is said that they can automatically avoid obstacles and automatically plan routes under complex road conditions, choose the best route and avoid obstacles in the distance. The indoor unmanned distribution robot "Fukubukuro" mainly works in the building, and aims at the last 100 meters of the distribution process: go upstairs and take the delivery to the user.

At that time, the user only needs to place an order with the mobile phone, and the delivery staff will pack the goods and hang them on the grapple released by the drone. After the fixing is completed, the drone will automatically fly to the destination and finally pass the hover. Complete the order in the form of airborne cargo. The whole process can be said to be done in one go and very convenient.

To ensure the normal operation of the substation, there will be no need to "trail" the scene, and a drone using 5G communication technology can do the work for you. Today, State Grid Hunan Maintenance Company successfully used 5G communication technology to carry out live inspection of drones at Dinggong Substation in Changsha County. This is the latest achievement of Hunan ubiquitous electric power Internet of Things construction integrating 5G communication technology, and it is also the first time in the country to apply "drone + 5G" to a 500 kV substation in the main grid of the power grid to complete intelligent inspection.

In the morning, in the main control room of Shaping Substation, the operation and maintenance personnel pressed the operation key in front of the computer. Within Dinggong Substation 14 kilometers away, the drone quickly took off and entered the substation for inspection on the set route. The inspection screen passed 5G Network HD transmission to the main control room. "The oil drain pipe of the A-line oil pillow of the No. 1 main transformer is suspected of leaking oil." The monitoring personnel in the main control room quickly discovered the equipment defect. The oil pillow's oil discharge pipe was about 8 meters away from the ground. It was difficult to find the abnormality by manual inspection.

"For a long time, the operation and maintenance of 500 kV substations have been a big problem. The station has a wide area, dense equipment and a height of more than ten meters, and high voltage levels. It is dangerous." Fan Qi, director of Dingdong Substation, said that 5G communication technology can meet the requirements of ultra-large bandwidth, ultra-low latency, and ultra-large connection services effectively solve the problem of difficult detection.

Supported by 5G communication technology, the State Grid Hunan Maintenance Company presets procedures for the drone, allowing it to automatically implement data collection and intelligent processing, can automatically identify operating steps, complete equipment status check, and realize the entire process of the inspection site. Visual, data can be seen, decision-making can be directed.

It is understood that 5G communication technology drone inspections will be gradually promoted in substations of 500 kV and above in the province next year.http://www.mmcuav.com

Military drones were the initial purpose of developing drones. Around 2000, civil drones gradually scaled up, driven by the market. In the early days, Japan's agricultural drones and forest drones were typical representatives, and they were mainly medium-sized rotor or fixed-wing airframes.

Over the next decade, more and more individual players became interested in small aircraft and turned it into a high-end competitive activity, which laid a good user base for the later rise of small civilian drones. China's small civilian drone industry has also started and prospered against this background.

Around 2007, a small number of enterprises in China began to develop civilian drones. At the time, most of the civilian drones used single-rotor helicopters, and the operators still needed a lot of training to work. Around 2010, the emergence of the quad-rotor aircraft body broke this situation. Around 2011, the aerial photography market first began to accept this method, and later developed to the stage where ordinary consumers can also play aerial photography. In the past two years, the civilian drone industry has been exploring more applications, and the entire industry has begun to explode.

China started early in the civilian drone industry. More and more domestic industrial capital and technical forces are participating in the civilian drone industry, making the industry cake bigger and bigger. One of the members of the drone manufacturer MMC In the industry of industrial drones, there should be for development, has been at the forefront of the industry. Facing global competitors, how to maintain our advantage? I think this requires continuous technical innovation. This technological innovation is not only commercialization of existing technologies at home and abroad but also a forward-looking study on basic technical issues facing future industrial applications. Only with layered and planned technological innovation around the civilian drone industry can a stable industrial cluster be formed.

In fact, there are many possibilities on the road for the expansion of civilian drones to more industries. How to extract useful information from a large amount of data collected by airborne equipment is the main technical issue affecting its further application. Taking a national science and technology support project led by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of China as an example, the use of a small drone's airborne lidar system to study the 3D modeling technology of the Great Wall of China in the Ming Dynasty has subverted the traditional large-scale scene culture Heritage monitoring methods to help archeologists quantitatively preserve and analyze the morphological changes of the Ming Great Wall. This technology has made breakthrough progress so far and has been successfully demonstrated in Yulin and other places along the Great Wall.
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As more and more small drones appear in the urban sky, their security issues have become increasingly prominent. In addition, with the continuous expansion of civilian drone application scenarios, drone control systems will receive more and more complex tasks, and the safety and reliability of their software systems are facing great challenges. At present, the limited load capacity of civil drones determines that the capacity of the onboard processor cannot carry a huge safety software system, so it is necessary to study how to use a minimum flight control system with safety to ensure the correct operation of each part.

At present, environmental inspections of drones have been frequent. The Ministry of Environmental Protection has used drones many times in recent years to conduct direct inspections of the sewage and desulfurization facilities of key enterprises such as steel, coking, and power. And other issues.

At the same time, environmental protection agencies in many places are following the trend and using drones to monitor the environment. For example, in the first half of this year, citizens of Heilongjiang City reported that the water quality of the Hulan Erdao River was dark, and the Heilongjiang Environmental Protection Bureau used drone sampling for monitoring and analysis, and the results came out within three days. It is understood that the UAV multi-parameter water quality detector equipped by the Heilongjiang Environmental Protection Bureau is equipped with GPS precise positioning route flight means to conduct ultra-low altitude inspections and inspections on more than 20 kilometers of river channels. It started the UAV multi-parameter water quality detector mainly because the terrain of the Hulan Erdao river basin was complicated, and law enforcement and monitoring vehicles could not go to the survey. The high-definition camera equipment on the drone can accurately record the water quality of the river passing by and the actual scenes on both sides of the river for law enforcement personnel to analyze and judge the water quality.

1, efficient

The UAV multi-parameter water quality detector can break through the limitation of time and space without dead space monitoring. With its mobility and fastness, it can improve the efficiency of environmental inspections and respond quickly to emergency situations. Replacing workers with high-risk or inaccessible areas for operations can also ensure the safety of workers.

2, integration

UAV multi-parameter water quality detector remote sensing operation radius can reach 100 kilometers. In response to environmental emergencies, drones can immediately perform real-time panoramic monitoring of the accident area.

According to reports, the UAV multi-parameter water quality detector can generate high-definition data images and various detection data such as chlorophyll, water turbidity, and blue-green algae in a short time. In addition, after a pollution accident, a UAV multi-parameter water quality detector can quickly provide changes in the status of water pollution, which can be used by environmental protection departments for rapid response and disposal decisions.

3, simple

UAV multi-parameter water quality sensor, which can be freely combined to install 2-7 water quality sensors. Monitoring factors include temperature, pH, ORP, conductivity, salinity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, chlorophyll-a, blue-green algae, rhodan Ming, oil in water, ammonia nitrogen, etc. Adopt an RS485 interface and standard Modbus protocol, low power consumption, support solar power supply. It comes with data analysis software, which has functions such as calibration, recording, analysis, and diagnosis. AMT-W400 series multi-parameter water quality sensors are used for on-line monitoring and portable monitoring of different water bodies such as surface water, drinking water, municipal sewage, industrial wastewater, groundwater, and oceans, which are convenient for integrated applications such as monitoring buoys, monitoring floating row, and monitoring ships.

Digital sensor, RS-485 output, standard Modbus protocol

It can be equipped with an automatic cleaning device, which can effectively remove the dirt on the sensor surface, prevent the growth of microorganisms, and be more accurate and less maintenance.

Optional fluorescent oxygen dissolved oxygen, conductivity, turbidity, pH, ORP sensors, suitable for long-term online monitoring.

Integrated design, can connect four probes at the same time, measure five parameters (including temperature)
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China has been a large agricultural country since ancient times. It has a long-standing agricultural culture and hundreds of millions of farmers. China has always put agricultural development first, but with the development of the times, China ’s traditional agricultural management model in which small farmers are organized and many previous farming methods are no longer applicable, and agricultural development has gradually entered the pace of modernization. Moreover, the country is also vigorously advocating innovation in agricultural technology, improving agricultural productivity and agricultural technology equipment. This will reduce the cost of farmers' land and increase the market competitiveness of agricultural products. Under this major premise. Agricultural drones combining current science and technology came into being. Drones, a science and technology that was once only used in the military field, are now combining agricultural production, giving countless farmers friends new ways of farming. This is indeed a good thing, but a survey of professionals found that in fact, there are still a small number of farmers who can really use agricultural drone technology to cultivate, and even some farmers' friends bought it with interest, and the result was finally put down. So why is this? Let ’s talk about the current situation and prospects of agricultural drones.

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What can agricultural drones do?

 The use of drones in the agricultural sector brings unlimited possibilities to traditional agriculture. A variety of drones provide farmers' friends with the lowest cost aerial camera platform. Especially in recent years, more and more extreme weather has appeared. Unpredictable weather causes increased risks and maintenance costs. The application of agricultural drones can accurately display the time of crop growth in the form of sequence animation, thus Better crop management. In this way, farmers can effectively monitor crops in the most economical way. Agricultural drones are often used to obtain images of crops, and the images obtained by drones are processed by special software. To process the reflectivity image of the farm crop. In addition, UAVs can also be used for soil farmland analysis, which can accurately generate 3D maps to analyze soil properties, soil moisture content, and soil erosion. These monitoring and analysis are essential for seeding. And even after planting, the information analyzed above is very helpful for farmland irrigation and management of nitrogen levels. The obstacle that can not effectively monitor the crops in a large area of ​​farmland is solved.

In addition to monitoring and analysis, agricultural drones can also be used for planting, agricultural spraying, and irrigation and health assessments. It is worth mentioning that although the drone planting technology is not yet mature, some manufacturers have proposed a system solution to shoot pods containing seeds and plant nutrients into the farmland soil. If the research is successful, it will greatly reduce planting costs. So since agricultural drones have so many advantages, why haven't they become popular so far?

Reasons for difficulty in spreading

Purchase cost

Drones without related professional equipment are still relatively cheap, but they are not very helpful for agricultural production. The cost of agricultural drones that can really be used for agricultural production is still relatively high. The cost also includes hardware, software, tools, and imaging sensors. Such a high price is also prohibitive for many farmers friends.

Lack of professionals makes it difficult for ordinary farmers

Drones are difficult to operate and require professional technical training, but there are very few drones that meet the standards in the market. Professional drone drivers are mostly young enthusiasts of drones. This makes it easier to learn. Ordinary farmers need to take professional training if they want to use drones. Operating drones also adds a lot of costs invisibly. This situation affects the use of agricultural drones in ordinary farmers. It also caused the embarrassing situation that many peasant households spent tens of thousands of dollars to buy it back but would not use it.

Prospect analysis of agricultural drones

In China, with the acceleration of land circulation, the scale and intensification of land have further increased, and agricultural drones will also become the new darling of agricultural machinery. At present, a lot of social service organizations have emerged in the agricultural field. Cool agricultural drones firmly believe that doing agricultural social services is the only way to realize the transformation and upgrading of agriculture. In the future, there will be major changes in the meaning of farmers. They will become more professional, professional, young, highly educated, understand agricultural machinery, and easily accept new things.

The entire "farmer" group will gradually differentiate: more and more graduates from colleges and universities with agricultural backgrounds will be engaged in field management; in the future, there will be more and more labor needs to understand the operation and maintenance of drones; in the future, farmers will be New farmers who understand the market and have new thinking about science and technology will be engaged in agricultural marketing and distribution-related work; the older generation will gradually phase out or engage in basic work. Kuonong believes that in the future, the use of agricultural unmanned opportunities is a big trend, and also hopes that agricultural drones can help the majority of farmers in agricultural production.

In the air, a delicate drone cruises with wings. On the ground, several uniformed environmental law enforcement officers stared intently at the console screen in their hands, and one by one the farmers' courtyards were displayed on the display screen. This is a scene of Shijiazhuang's ecological environment system "drone unit" in the rural areas of Shenzhen County to investigate the "smoke" of scattered coal.

In September this year, in order to make up for the shortcomings of the lack of law enforcement personnel, the Shijiazhuang City Ecological Environment Bureau promoted the use of drones on a large scale and received positive responses from the county (city, district) branch bureaus. In just a few days, 118 drones were equipped to various grass-roots branches and became a weapon for environmental supervision.

"There are hundreds of small and large enterprises in a township. The squadrons in the area compete against each other and can only inspect 10 or more a day." Shijiazhuang City Ecological Environment Bureau Shenze County Branch Supervision Squadron Captain Zhang Yuqiang said that once the drone is charged, it can fly continuously Two hours. The key areas are divided into grids, several drones are used intensively, coupled with human inspection on the ground, air and land combination, and mutual complementation, it is possible to quickly perform full coverage inspection on specific areas. With the help of drones, the efficiency of environmental law enforcement has been greatly improved.

"Some companies have their doors locked after production stops. If you want to enter the factory for investigation, you have to contact the person in charge. Often you have to wait for half a day, and time is wasted." Zhang Yuqiang said, "With a drone, you don't need to open the factory. The gate can also check the dynamics of the plant at any time, which improves efficiency and is a deterrent to environmental lawbreakers who are lucky. "

With the enforcement of the "bright sword" ecological environment of drones, all counties (cities, districts) have widely used drones to conduct aerial inspections of areas not covered by straw banned video surveillance and infrared alarm systems, and have achieved a ban with the banned surveillance system. Seamless connection, the establishment of a full-area, full-coverage rural poor-quality loose coal "smoke" three-dimensional monitoring system to provide strong support for winning the blue sky defense battle.

In order to consolidate the results of law enforcement of the drone's ecological environment, Shijiazhuang City has also established and improved a full-chain working mechanism of "discovery, assignment, disposal, and feedback." The county (city, district) ecological environment department timely locks evidence on the "smoke" phenomenon of inferior loose coal found by drones, implements ledger management, sorts out and summarizes them daily, and presents them to local towns (streets) and responsibilities in the form of pictures The unit and the grid manager and grid staff assigned it, and feedback the disposal situation to eliminate pollution in time.

In the next step, Shijiazhuang will continue to expand the application space of drones and will be widely used in environmental supervision fields such as the atmosphere, water, and soil to help the continuous improvement of environmental quality.
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As winter temperatures gradually decrease, power supply security becomes even more important. On November 25th, the transmission and inspection personnel of the State Grid Changji Power Supply Company used drones in the Fangcao Lake area to complete a total of 127 base pole towers for the 220 kV Zhaoyang Substation 110 kV Yanghai First Line and the 110 kV Yanghai Second Line. Winter power inspection.

It is understood that with the continuous expansion of the power grid of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, the number of new 110-kilovolt and 220-kilovolt transmission lines has been increasing, and the length of the lines has increased from a few hundred kilometers to more than 6,700 kilometers now. With the increase of hidden damage caused by external forces and the increasing difficulty of management, transmission and operation management is facing difficulties such as insufficient line inspection capabilities and backward inspection management methods. It is difficult to meet the needs of power grid development in actual work based on the traditional model of manual inspection.

In recent years, with the company's continuous deepening of the comprehensive application of intelligent technology in the field of transmission line operation and maintenance, Changji's transmission line inspection work has shifted from the original manual inspection to manual plus drone inspection operations, which is more standardized, High-quality inspection methods have significantly improved the lean operation and maintenance level and working efficiency of transmission lines.

"In the past, operation and maintenance personnel had to wear seatbelts to carry out inspections, and they had to go through the entire process when patrolling the line passages, which was time-consuming and labor-intensive. Drone patrols have overcome many inconveniences caused by the complicated terrain. Transmission line operation and maintenance provided accurate first-hand information. "Said Yang Haodong, head of the first operation and maintenance team of Changji Power Supply Company.

Yang Haodong introduced that Changji Power Supply Company used drones to inspect the transmission lines. As of this month, it has completed a total of 2570 base transmission line pole tower inspections in the Changji Power Supply Area. It will complete a total of 3456 base pole tower inspection tasks throughout the year to ensure the safe and stable operation of transmission lines. .
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In order to fight against the comprehensive management of the Bohai Sea and increase its deterrent to illegal sewage discharge at sea, the Dalian Maritime Safety Administration recently launched the first drone maritime cruise supervision activity, using a combination of drone cruise, remote monitoring and on-site inspection. Comprehensively grasp the dynamics of maritime pollution sources to prevent air pollution and water pollution caused by illegal discharge of ships at sea.

In recent years, China‘s maritime supervision has become increasingly complicated. The maritime task of combating illegal sewage is getting heavier and heavier. Relying on existing equipment such as sea cruisers has not been able to meet the needs of today’s three-dimensional integration of “sea, land and air”. New equipment and means are urgently needed to strengthen supervision and effective control of the waters under its jurisdiction. As a modern remote-control aircraft, drones have gradually matured in technology and have been widely used in military and civilian fields. Due to the characteristics of flexible maneuvering, high timeliness, low cost, low loss, low risk, strong monitoring ability, and wide coverage, it is very suitable for the supervision of water affairs. The maritime system is equipped with drones, which is effectively combined with patrol ships, VTS, AIS, LRIT and other supervision systems, which can promote the construction of a safety supervision system featuring "omnidirectional coverage, all-weather operation, and full-process monitoring", and comprehensively improve maritime administration And ability to serve the public.

https://imgur.com/soJcYNy
Recently, law enforcement officers of the Dalian Maritime Safety Administration carried out drones on maritime patrol vessels to cruise the densely-traveled waters such as the Old Tieshan Waterway and the Dasanshan Channel. This operation was shared for 6 hours, with a cumulative cruising range of 51 nautical miles, covering an area of 133 square kilometers. Use the ship-borne drone to cruise the above waters in all directions, accurately and intuitively receive the data by means of drone warning, single ship tracking, real-time monitoring and other means to monitor the sea surface conditions in the channel and the ship's sewage, thereby Form a new "trinity" cruise law enforcement model of sea, land, and air, resolutely rectify illegal sewage discharge in the sea area, protect the marine ecosystem, and escort for the comprehensive management of the Bohai Sea.

In the next step, the Dalian Maritime Administration will take this cruise as an opportunity to further explore the application of drone technology in monitoring environmental pollution in the waters, maritime search and rescue emergency, and three-dimensional maritime cruise. Through the drone inspection, the overall cruise cost will be reduced. Improve the efficiency of marine pollution disposal and enhance maritime cruise monitoring and comprehensive law enforcement capabilities.

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As a high-tech product, drones have applications in many fields, such as aerial photography, surveying and mapping, plant protection spraying irrigation, cruise and so on. In order to ensure its endurance and load capacity, the drone housing must be lightweight and high-strength. In the beginning, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, engineering plastics, and other materials were selected. The carbon fiber drone housing gradually replaced them with its excellent performance.
 
Metal materials such as aluminum alloys and titanium alloys are high in strength but heavy in weight, resulting in small drone loads and short battery life. In military applications, metal materials also reflect radar signals to form secondary bands, which is very unfavorable. Carbon fiber drone housings are light in weight, high in strength, and effective in electromagnetic shielding, which can make up for these shortcomings.
 
To reduce the weight of the drone, we also need to consider reducing the number of parts. The carbon fiber drone housing adopts an integrated molding process, which can reduce about 60% of parts and components, and eliminates the assembly step. During the flight of the drone, it may encounter situations such as collision or scraping of branches, and small parts such as screws are extremely easy to fall, affecting flight. The carbon fiber drone housing is integrally formed to avoid this situation, and due to high specific strength and specific rigidity, the chip can be well protected by bumps and scratches.


 
From a cost perspective, the price of carbon fiber is higher than materials such as aluminum alloys and engineering plastics, but with the development of research, the price has gradually become civilian. From a long-term perspective, carbon fiber drone housings are more conducive to drones to perform tasks, reduce energy consumption, and have great significance for energy conservation.
 
Shenzhen Century Southern Technology Co., Ltd. is a subsidiary of UAV manufacturer MMC(http://www.mmcuav.com
). It is a high-tech company specializing in the research and development and production of new materials, new energy, and precision electronic instruments. It has strong technical strength and has many design and practical patents. The company consists of four major divisions: new materials, power, energy, and drones. It has long provided a variety of high-performance composite materials for custom development of the drone industry, intelligent battery technology applications, R & D and manufacturing of precision electronic instruments, OEM design, etc. service.
 
The New Materials Division is the fist department of the Southern Century. Since 2007, it has provided carbon fiber, glass fiber, and other high-performance composite material accessories and integrated molding process fuselage products to a large number of domestic and foreign aerospace model companies and drone companies. One of several companies that realizes one-piece molding technology. At present, Century South has become a multi-rotor integrated molded shell manufacturer with the highest market share and the largest variety of models at home and abroad.
 
Currently, drones produced by MMC Airlines use carbon fiber housings.

Drone mapping

With its advantages of fast, efficient, flexible and low cost, UAV tilt photography technology is slowly subverting the traditional surveying and mapping operation mode. It has become the “new darling” of the surveying and mapping industry. Applying tilt photography technology to drones is actually doing A three-dimensional model, and the model built is more realistic, more intuitive, and more realistic.

Stack measurement

At present, the measurement of the pile body mainly relies on the total station instrument, the disk coal meter, the GPS and other measuring instruments to measure the pile body. Compared with the measurement of the tape measure which is completely dependent on the manual use earlier, these measurement methods have made great progress. However, today there are more efficient and accurate measurement methods: using drone mapping and modeling.

The drone can preset the route, collect data in the automatic work area above the work area, and after importing the data, it can be imported into the system, generate the point cloud and 3D model data with one click, and measure the spatial distance and volume according to this, or carry out the slope The analog measurement of irregular stack area provides accurate numerical reference for engineering construction planning and production operations.

Tunnel, pipeline inspection

The traditional subway, railway and automobile tunnel inspection requires the inspectors to go inside the tunnel and use manual inspection to confirm whether there are any abnormalities such as cracks or water leakage, and to ensure that there is no problem with the tunnel structure.

UAVs equipped with high-definition cameras and laser radar and other detection equipment can collect high-precision image data in the tunnel and generate 3D models for viewing at any time. This not only provides higher inspection accuracy, but also allows engineers to have More time is focused on analyzing the data collected and quickly suggesting the countermeasures that need to be taken.

Highway inspection

For the maintenance and reconstruction of large-scale transportation infrastructure such as highways, the first step is to obtain clear image data of all road conditions.
The UAV mapping system can integrate the UAVs for surveying and mapping, 3D modeling software, etc., together with powerful workstations, while accurately performing surveying and mapping work, it can also accurately evaluate the engineering quantity of road reconstruction through application software, and simulate The effect of the scene after the project transformation and the possible surrounding environmental impact provide strong support for the road reconstruction and road planning work of the highway department.
Bridge inspection

Manual inspection operations are not only inefficient, difficult, and have high risk factors, but the detection accuracy is far from enough, and the application of drone technology will solve this problem to a large extent.
The drone can complete the photographing and forensics of the structural planes such as the bottom surface of the bridge, the cylinder surface and the beam through control devices such as cameras and laser radars. At the same time, it can also carry out three-dimensional modeling of the whole bridge, and measure the external structure of the bridge through the model for professional The personnel analyze the state of the bridge and discover the danger in time, which can greatly reduce the work intensity of the bridge maintenance personnel and improve the efficiency of bridge inspection and maintenance.
Cultural relic protection

Cultural relics are relics and relics left by human beings in the course of historical development. It is a precious historical and cultural heritage of mankind. In the field of cultural relics protection, 3D scanning technology is more efficient and accurate than traditional manual measurement, and the non-contact specificity will not cause damage to cultural relics.
For large ancient villages, we can use the drone system to quickly complete a wide range of data collection; the drone can be equipped with laser radar to collect image data of the monuments, obtain the point cloud of the cultural relics for accurate reconstruction, and establish a physical three-dimensional or The model database stores important resources such as various types of data and spatial relationships of cultural relics, realizes scientific, high-precision and permanent preservation of endangered cultural relics, and then establishes a VR digital museum that can be browsed online;
Archaeological restoration
UAV 3D modeling technology can also be used for archaeological and cultural relics restoration. 3D scanning technology uses surface data acquisition to replace traditional point data acquisition. High-speed laser measurement method can quickly, accurately and comprehensively acquire 3D information of objects. Really record the real three-dimensional information of cultural relics, establish a three-dimensional model, and transform from traditional manual measurement to high-precision measurement of point cloud data by indoor computer. It has non-contact property and avoids damage to cultural relics.
Land confirmation

The traditional land determination measurement work is generally carried out by measuring the topographic map by ground engineering measurement or by aerial surveying the topographic map of a traditional manned aircraft. Compared with the traditional method, the use of drones for aerial photogrammetry has obvious advantages, low cost, easy implementation, high degree of automation, high efficiency and high precision. Therefore, in the rural collective land registration and certification work, it is a feasible way to obtain the basic topographic map data through UAV aerial photography modeling.

Real estate registration

As an auxiliary means, UAVs help real estate registrants to greatly improve efficiency and save money in field investigations and audits. The application of aerial surveying and mapping technology of drones can make registration of property registration surveys more precise and avoid registration errors and risks to the greatest extent. On the other hand, the data established by the combined aerial survey of drones can be directly used for unified registration of real estate, which can save A large amount of expensive and time-consuming data production and finishing costs. The aerial survey data can be fully integrated with the existing real estate registration data to realize the digitization, accuracy and real-time of the entire real estate registration and management.

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Recently, Guangdong Power Grid Corporation Foshan Sanshui Power Supply Bureau completed the automatic cruise refinement inspection of all 10 kV overhead lines of Nanshan Power Supply Station and has applied refined routes to carry out daily inspections of “double-light” drones. Nanshan Power Supply Co., Ltd. became the first power supply company of Guangdong Power Grid Corporation to take the lead in realizing the full coverage of multi-sensor automatic cruise. At the same time, it also marks that the UAV has taken a new step in the application level of the distribution network and the level of refined inspection of the equipment.

Using the refined route to carry out "double light" drone automatic cruise

At the beginning of this year, the Guangdong Power Grid Company's aircraft patrol center selected Foshan Sanshui Power Supply Bureau as one of the pilot units for the patrol demonstration application of the drone. The bureau adopted the strategy of “first pilot, post-standardization, re-copy, and promotion”, and first selected Nanshan Power Supply as a pilot. The power supply area of ​​Nanshan Power Supply Station is 133 square kilometers, and there are 26 10 kilovolt lines in the power supply area. The total length of the line is 284.97 kilometers. The terrain and geology of the area are complex, the gully is vertical and horizontal, and the forest coverage rate is as high as 59%, which is a typical representative.

"Wangshan runs dead horse" is the personal experience of the line of the staff. Seeing that the line is not far away, but going to the vicinity of the line to patrol, but to go around a large circle, take a long mountain road. Since the distance between the manual inspection and the charged equipment is long, the angle of observation is limited, and it is difficult to find a hidden defect. "Selecting the Nanshan Power Supply Station as an experimental field not only reduces the burden at the grassroots level, but also solves the "pain point" problem at the grassroots level, and improves the efficiency and quality of the inspection line," said Zhang Jianfeng, deputy director of the Sanshui Power Supply Bureau.

If a worker wants to do something good, he must first sharpen his tools. The importance of overall planning and preparation is self-evident. Sanshui Power Supply Bureau adopts the method of external lead inlining to quickly advance the project. Invite the experts of the Guangdong Power Grid Company's aircraft patrol center and the backbone of Foshan Power Supply Bureau's "Foshan Air Force" to give lectures and on-site guidance, and successfully upgrade the main line's drone patrol technology to the distribution network according to local conditions. At the same time, Sanshui Power Supply Bureau built a drone team based on “Chen Weimin Studio” to provide manpower guarantee for “point cloud” data collection, modeling and route planning.

In order to make breakthroughs in the application of new technologies, we must make painstaking efforts. First of all, in the stage of collecting the "point cloud" data, the members of the research team have already suffered enough. Seemingly simple work, often unexpected problems arise. It’s no ordinary to wading in the mountains and worms. If some data is not accurate, it is common practice to repeat it several times. In the modeling and route planning stage, more difficulties are placed in front of the research team. At the crucial moment, the party branch set up a party member commando team in June to arrange for the elites to overcome difficulties and work overtime to carry out technical research. The Guangdong Power Grid Company’s aircraft patrol center arranged technical support from experts and overcame more than 100 days and nights. Difficulties and difficulties, until the completion of the channel tree barrier inspection on September 16th, finally completed the task of carrying out automatic cruise refinement inspection on the 10 kV field line on the eve of National Day. The pilot inspection effect is quite good! Then, the party members' commandos sighed. The auto-cruise mission of the drones of the entire 10 kV overhead line was completed, and the “dual-light” drone auto-cruise was carried out using the existing refined routes.

Data collection provides support for digital transformation

The application of the drone automatic inspection line has truly achieved the purpose of improving quality and efficiency. "Although the project is hard and tired, we have already tasted the sweetness." Nan Yao Power Supply Party member commando member Yao Yaohua introduced. During the process of verifying the automatic cruising route of the UAV, it was found that the cross arm of the No. 48 rod of the 10 kV Longgang line had cracks, which was a major defect. It is difficult to find this defect if it is patrolled by people alone. After careful organization, the porcelain cross arm with cracks was replaced by electricity to prevent equipment failures from causing trips or power outages or public safety accidents involving electricity. There are many examples like this, and only 335 defects were discovered this year and were eliminated in time. From the "person patrol" to the "machine patrol", and then to the "automatic cruise", it can be said that the third hop is achieved.

In addition to the Nanshan Power Supply Station, other power supply stations of the Sanshui Power Supply Bureau are also actively promoting the automatic cruise operation of the drone. On the basis of the experience of Nanshan Power Supply Station, the remaining power supply stations have reached 1,246 kilometers, and the corresponding targets have been set. According to the progress of at least 100 kilometers per week, it is expected that the full three water pressure line points will be realized before the end of the year. Cloud acquisition, these data will provide support for digital transformation, play a greater role in the future of smart grid construction, and lay a solid foundation for the next year to take the automatic driving tour as the main working mode.
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