CANDYDADDY:



Dbanj use that son for money ritual, or an occultic associate kinda consequence, mark my word

who in his right sense will allow that tiny boy beside a pool, where is the pictures that will confirm the drowning scene

Does your STUPID superstition know no bounds??

By Emmanuel Eneojo Akagu
emmanauelakagu@gmail.com
We don’t have time, time to blame who caused this problem that now constitutes a new global medical emergency, or to delegate who alone should bear the burden, it is what it is, and it is upon every one of us like pink rubber bands on a kid’s braces. The earth is heating up, now 1.33 degrees higher than the 1900 level, causing polar ice to melt, raising the sea level, and resulting in flood risks in coastal cities like Lagos, and other negative consequences of its aftermath. The trouble is, people’s health is also impaired.
According to the United Nations, climate change is expected to intensify the health problems that already pose a major burden to vulnerable populations like Nigeria. At the same time, coordinated international responses can help prevent some of the worst impacts of climate change on health.
What does this mean for us? You won’t like the answer to this vital question, I didn’t like it. I’ll try to illustrate what it means to us in various fronts. The impact of climate change in Nigeria incorporates temperature rise, extreme weather events and a rise in sea level. And the Nigerian people would face harsh impacts of the aftermath of this in the spheres of water and food insecurity, greater exposure to the risk of heat stress, an alteration of the patterns of disease transmission (both infectious and vector born), and the flood risks of coastal towns and cities, from Calabar to Lagos. Sufficient mitigation measures and adaptation would go a long way in promoting public health, security and development of land and water resources from the hazard or threat of climate change.
In the aspect of human heath, it constitutes a grave danger to the generality of the population in Nigeria. In 2010, a United Nations report indicated that 1555 people in Nigeria died from cholera, and 38173 cases in total were reported as a result of heavy rains and excessive floods, the same was the case in 1991 where 7654 deaths were reported according to statistics from WHO with majority being women and children, and majorly in northern Nigerian cities. This epidemic was as a result of excessive rains and flooding, which polluted municipal water sources and supply systems, including wells and streams. Sewage flows indiscriminately, openly in many of these cities, and when it floods, the risk of ingesting water contaminated with human and animal faeces if heightened.
The melting of the polar ice caps has led to a rise in sea level over the last century, as shown by NASA, risking many cities in Nigeria’s southern states. A report by the Nigerian Meteorological Agency indicates that an average of 548300 people are projected to be affected by flooding annually due to sea level rise between 2070 and 2100. With improved R& D, development and adaptation programmes like continued construction and raising of dikes, the annual affected population could be limited to about 300 households. There are indications that adaptation alone may not proffer sufficient protection to sea level rise which is a long term process, and with high emissions leading to increased impact. Apart from the death risk from drowning, flooding causes monumental indirect health consequences, including but not limited to impacts on food production, water, and disrupting the ecosystem, others include spread of infectious vector-borne diseases, water related diseases and population displacement.
In the aspect of heat related mortality, an enquiry into the incidence of this threat of climate change was launched by Yasushi Honda in 2015, and he argued that under a high emissions scenario, heat related mortality in aged people (65 years and above) are projected to increase to about 80/100000 by 2080, compared to the present baseline statistics of about 3 deaths in 100000 annually, from 1961 to 1990. Mean annual temperatures is expected to be heightened by climate change, and the intensity and frequency of heat waves, resulting in a greater number of people at risk of heat-related medical conditions, may be heightened. The aged, children, those with chronic illnesses, and other vulnerable groups are at higher risk to heat-related conditions.
On the standpoint of food security and nutrition, agricultural production is negatively impacted by higher temperatures, draught, floods, and human displacement. Members of the vulnerable group (in economic, political and social terms) are mostly affected, and could constitute a crisis, as was the case in Nigeria’s north-east in 2015 to 2017. A further exposure to extreme weather events could only escalate the crisis. A report in the WEF indicats that unless with considerable effort made to improve climate resilience for the vulnerable group, the risk of a food crisis and malnutrition globally could go up by about 20% by 2050. It was 31% in 2013 in Nigeria among under-5 children.
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) in April 2017 produced a report which highlighted inspiring examples of adaptation solutions for health worldwide, which included some eye catching, mind blowing initiatives that could be adopted by Nigeria. They include food programming initiatives for vulnerable countries, mosquito surveillance network monitors, smart hospitals and health facilities, and integrating health into the national adaptation plans. Lastly, awareness of the issue must be raised via self learning courses and public health teaching in institutions. Employing all these initiatives and more will go a long way in improving our resilience to climate change, and mitigating its negative impact.

By Emmanuel Eneojo Akagu
emmanuelakagu@gmail.com
Climate change directly and indirectly results in human health risks. Unfortunately in developing countries in the tropics like Nigeria, safeguarding human health from the impact of climate change is more crooked than the case of a troop passing through a landmine field. Give me a chance and I’ll set it all straight.
Case in point, cholera outbreak. In 2010, according to the United Nations report, 1555 people in Nigeria died from cholera, and 38173 cases in total were reported as a result of heavy rains and excessive floods; in 1991, it was 7654 deaths, according to statistics from WHO, where 80% of those reported cases were women and children.
The outbreak was as a result of excessive rains and flooding in rural areas where there was no access to potable water and improved sanitation, and it was proliferated by ingesting water and food contaminated with human or animal faeces. In several of these communities, sewage flows down dirt paths or indiscriminately during heavy rains, polluting water sources like streams and wells as the flood is washed down water channels. More than half the population of Nigeria lack access to clean water and improved sanitation. Also, poor basic education among rural villagers and inadequate number of health personnel in clinics and hospitals aided the spread of the disease.
In April 2017, the UN indicted climate change for the rise of health risks worldwide. In a report prepared by the UN in collaboration with WHO, some countries and other specialist groups under the Nairobi work program – the United Nations Knowledge-for-Action Climate Resilience Network, it was highlighted that certain groups are more susceptible to climate-sensitive health impacts than others. These are based on age, gender, health and social status. Also, it indicated that infectious diseases, including water borne, water washed, water based and water related diseases, are particularly sensitive to climate conditions, where it implicated the rise in temperature in the tropics with the increase of incidences of diarrhoea. The report further stressed that the conditions for transmission of diseases like malaria fever is expanded by climate change, also increasing their geographical range. Heat waves are among new and emerging health issues that would result from climate change; Heat stress increases risk of cardiovascular, respiratory and renal diseases, while making working conditions unbearable. Displacement of people as a result of increasing extreme weather events also increases the risk of mental and physical health concerns. Most importantly, it highlighted the risk of malnutrition and under-nutrition as a result of flooding and droughts, particularly in the tropical regions of Asia, Latin America and Africa, like Nigeria.
One of the most peculiar results of climate change (global warming) is the melting of polar icecaps, like has been evidently shown over Antarctica and the Arctic regions by NASA in 2017, provoking a rise in sea level, and causing flood risks of coastal regions. Another result of climate change is irregular precipitation and excessive rains in the hinterlands, also resulting in widespread floods many times when it rains. This has been the case in many northern Nigerian cities in 2017, including Benue, Kogi and Niger, and the floods in coastal cities Lekki and Victoria Island in Lagos are no longer news. But the nature of city development and sprawling urban settlements in Nigeria, often without channels and provision for city drainages and a modern mechanism for sewerage, sewage and sludge collection, pollution of municipal water supply systems becomes almost inevitable.
The global agitation for tackling climate change and mitigating its impact has never been more raucous. These health risks constitute a global emergency, not just a burden on Nigeria, but we have a vital role to play as the leading black nation in every front, and show a new direction out of the enormous economic, social and environmental burdens that the health risks associated with the impact of climate change poses. Urban planners and designers of Nigeria’s cities have to be abreast of necessary information that will allow them to design a city that will be sustainable and consider a sewerage, sewage and sludge system that is consonant with modern global systems to prevent water born, water based and related diseases. The state has to be more responsive in waste collection and disposal by employing modern waste management practices of re-use, recycling and incineration. Nigeria is one country where, even in major cities like Abuja and Lagos, waste litters the landscape in residential areas, parks, and boulevards; and in the landfills there are no specialist personnel with the know-how of management of landfill sites, a view of them often is like looking at the Grand Canyon of ineptitude.
These are instances where we’ve shot ourselves on the foot from day one. To mitigate this impact of climate change on our health requires more than just righteous anger, as Barack Obama would say: “it requires a program, and it requires organizing.”

By Emmanuel Eneojo Akagu
Climate Change, a premise or a democratic platitude, it is what it is; the realities are audible to the deaf and visible to the blind. The earth is heating up, with temperatures 1.33 degrees higher than the 1900 level, causing polar ice to melt, raising the sea level and flooding coastal cities like Lagos and the Port of Spain at the sight of a little drop of rain water. Worsening the situation is the volume of green house gasses (GHGs) released into the atmosphere on a daily basis in the form of Carbon dioxide from fossil fuel burning, Methane from wastes and agricultural activities and Nitrous oxide; and ozone depleting substances (ODS) from technological innovations meant to give us comfort, further retaining the heat energy from the infrared radiation of the sun, and depleting the ozone layer meant to shield us from its ultra-violet radiation. The result is more heat, more cancer.
Bradley Dalina once said if there is no solution, there is no problem to solve, but Dalina was never faced with a problem that could annihilate the entire human race in a millennium plus or minus, it is big alright, and we’re about to peregrinate through it like the perilous voyage through the Bermuda Triangle. The process of solving this problem has already begun since the Geneva Convention in 1979, with industrialized countries making a lot of commitments, but fast developing countries like Nigeria are obligated to make radical decisions in shifting to safer energy sources also, in order to create room for sustainable development.
Nigeria is in dire need of more power, more energy, as statistics from leading energy research institutes have shown that Nigeria has the lowest electrification per capita in the world. We could all hide our heads in shame, or we could arise to green technologies that are cheaper and are guaranteed to reduce our present GHG emissions. These technologies employ renewable sources to produce energy.
Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, biomass, thermal, hydro, and what have you replenish themselves naturally without human input, and one would be tempted to include nuclear in the list. These could be employed in place of conventional energy sources to generate electricity, in heating and cooling, to power automobiles, and meet the energy needs of rural and suburban areas. This is the solution, the only viable one, to the crisis brewing in our environment, and I’m sure Dalina would agree.
“We’re Nigerians after all, a developing country, what do we care?” we stand to benefit from more energy options, cheaper installations than conventional ones, easy access to technology, and reduction in the amount of GHGs we emit. Due to dismal energy and power supply, institutions and production companies across Nigeria rely on off-grid energy sources, powered by fossil fuels which are very expensive overhead, and emitting monumental amounts of GHGs, also accounting for the largest emissions across Africa, as there are more autos and machinery in Nigeria than there are in the whole of Central Africa combined.
Recent studies by Energy Research Institute shows that renewable energy can help Nigeria achieve more that the 60 000MW of electricity, which the country needs to be categorized among industrialized nations, as the epileptic electricity made available is blamed for the poor industrial development of the country.
Today the global agitation for clean energy has never been more raucous, and the federal government should also have a genius plan to employ renewables in our quest for more power, more energy by removing the outdated energy policies that have failed the nation on a monumental scale in the past and present. This can be done, painstakingly channeling R & D and efforts in research institutions and policy makers into green technologies and renewables, and with one success after another, over a few years, I’m optimistic, we would achieve 100% energy from renewable sources; with a positive course and drive, we’ll see a future that will surprise the pessimists.

Dsholla:
As if work dey

Hawlahscho:
I wonder how that hole will look like now

So that's your problem smh