rvp2018:
I think without getting into details - there is no doubt that jewish place in the map has led distortion of history - Europeans wanting to own Jews (before wanting to exterminate them next) - and therefore trying to delink them from it's semitic history. This of course of the Jewish history as successful people and the origin of Christianity...therefore like Ancient Egypt...many racist historians (pretty much everyone of them before genetics) tried to delink it from Africa.

Close home - there is no doubt genetically that Niger-Congo/Nilo-Saharan and Afro-Asiatic (Semites like jews, Arabs, Cushites, etc) is close - E1b1b and E1b1a are genetically older brothers - what people call Middle East and Africa are essentially genetically very close - Arab/Jew/African are closer than other races. Same way Indian and European are closer.

Of course, now we have more tools to use to study history; Linguistic; genetics; anthropology.

Where did they live - I think the most I have seen is somewhere in Chad and the Sahara when it was not a desert like now - then they obviously split into modern tapestry - as the Sahara dried up - the semites moving westward along the west nile (now buried) - then all the way to Arabia/Isreal - and the others following nile down south - an niger river down south.

As for Bantus - I hold the majoritarian view that they came from border of Cameroon and East of Nigeria - as cousins of Igbo-Yorubas - spread through eastern and southern africa.

Suffice to say because of jewish exceptional achievements as a people - everyone wants to be part of their history.

Semites are generally closer to Europeans than they are to Africans genetically, linguistically they're indeed closer to Africans.

kikuyu1:


We LOOONNG ago demolished the Bantu Migration Theory on ToT! The idea that Bantus in S Naij/ M Cameroon first developed Steel circa 1000 bc then expanded outward via the Congo Forest for some reason is complete B-U-L-L-S-H-I-T!?
It's, an invention, an extremely successful one to separate us from ancient Egypt and the ME.
Just think: they didn't build canoes and sail south down the coast but decided to trek across the impenetrable Ituri in small groups which conveniently leaves no trace. You do know of the 8000 yr old Dufuna canoe from Yobe not too far from the putative Bantu Homeland?
At the same time few if any Bantu oral history has a cultural memory of such a population transfer!

Here's the regional analysis of King Tut's fam. Our Kamba cousins to our drier NE also have ME origins.


https://hubpages.com/politics/Falsification-of-Africas-history

The Cameroonian Bassa, a Bantu people have been identified as Tamil speakers by a Tamil!!

https://youtu.be/vWyAYGlFZjk

To fully understand African history first abandon the idea of tribes and or language groups. Those categories aren't as neat as we think. There's ALWAYS been cultural and genetic links across ALL African population groups-learning Kikuyu history taught me this.
A mere glance at a group of say 10 Kikuyus shows simultaneous Nilotic, Bambuti, OROMO and Semitic elements! I've even heard Naijjans here on this thread and in Nairobi wonder why we're Fulani.

Here are Niger Congo elements identified in the earliest Chinese dialect by Hong Kong uni.


http://sinica.academia.edu/JonathanEvans/Papers/167301/African_tone_in_the_Sinosphere

Their tonal type is more African than Chinese in 10 out of 12 respects ,specifically Dagaare ,spoken in Ghana as far as Burkina Faso. The language is of the Niger-Congo family.

I had pix of these Kuki Thaddou speakers on my hard drive and tab but IDKWTF happened- NADA!? Anyway, in the 1890s many of these Upper Burmese people looked Polynesian with frizzy hair and dark complexions. Now, though ofc assimilation with Chinese has bleached them out.
Let me leave with the Mangbetu from the middle of Africa. A Sudanic people they're famous for skull binding and their labial trill.


https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Voiceless_bilabial_trill

15000 km + away and 2 groups share distinct linguistic and cultural body modification practices- could it be coincidence?

I've known 2 people over the years who clued me in as to how real life anthropological field teams actually operate.
One, a White American with so much black blood in an earlier era you'd think he was "passing" said many such teams are riddled with ACTIVE Intel agents. They steal, fake and/or deface their findings.
Another acquaintance, a BA female with an actual anthropology degree gave up over a decade ago. The professors are ALL on code: findings aren't just stolen,faked and/or defaced but hidden away to be shown at STRICTLY private exhibitions owned by their sponsors, usually the familiar names of biz moguls.
These are guys with personal 747s on standby!
Yes, they've their own secret societies, ala Skull and Bones, Scroll and Key etc,etc. It's all a private club of secret initiates- the billionaire sponsor who can fund a 6 month dig in N Iraq for 6 months incl armed security costing upward of 10 mn$, the Prof and eager student acolytes: all work to keep this knowledge to themselves.
IIRC, she personally knew of 6 ongoing private ME digs around 2005-2007.
On realising this she saw how lucky she was to graduate and left the field to try new things.
I'll ALWAYS rmbr her say " you wouldn't believe what they've found. The worst thing is they'll NEVER reveal it cause to do so would provoke unwanted questions."
Goodness, but this is long! Point being do your own research without being tied down by the ethnic or linguistic considerations of others.
But be careful- you may go far,far down the rabbit hole.....

The bantu language most definitely diffused from eastern Nigeria/western Cameron, there is empirical evidence to support it, all one can do is add more data to that factual theory.

What you're focusing on is the genetic diffusion. & you're partly right, southern bantus have clear khoisan admixture, eastern bantus like the tutsis & kikuyu have nilo-cushitic ancestry, & central bantus have pygmy ancestry, & other communities have bantu ancestry as well.

Take Obama as a base, he's undoubtedly American today but he can as well trace his roots to Eastern Africa but that's not all.

Say someone digs his ancestry further & finds out he also has European ancestry, it'll be factual to say he's European but you can't omit his African ancestry just because you've found out he's also European, since humans are complex we all can't be placed in separate boxes & call it facts...

We are all in the end mixed people.

Just40:
the Kambas did nothing...
They took advantage of chaos and run away to Paraguay where they were still deprived of everything.

Learn what Harriet Tubman did and the movement she set up that freed lots of slaves... Use that as inspiration to go and free your slaves in Saudi Arabia

Avoiding the question altogether huh, a smart decision accepting defeat.

Bringing in Harriet Tubman a wise decision.
Now why don't you take your own advice & go free your slaves in the middle east.

Just40:


See argument... You're arguing like a kindergarten kid.

Crazy kid, how will I that know your entire country history conflict two countries I've visited?

Did they also enter Uruguay as settlers too?
Anyway, how did they end up in Uruguay? Let's see if you'll be smart as well

They escape their Uruguayan masters during the Uruguayan chaos of a revolution..the smartest way to get out of Uruguay alive (out of those Spanish own farmlands), when the revolutionaries invaded it, was to join Jose's militants who eventually had to escape to Paraguay.

You say that like any of your captured Ghanaian slaves/uncle Ruckus even had a muscle to go against their massa lol...

They were all raped, massacred & disposed off like trash after their Spanish overlords had no use of them.

If you're so sure of yourself why don't you get to fulfilling my request first, give mentions of the endless people groups from Ghana that did what those Kamba's did.

obaaderemi:
Says the idiot who couldn't distinguish between adjectives and possessive forms
Stupid little Indian illiterate.

Obaaderemi's towel & obaaderemi.

Zanj' slaves & Zanj.

Understand it now slow poke.

I put the apostrophe after the noun, you happy now English ret@rd?

You should be in a mental health facility, this is the internet, I don't have to spoon feed you everything.

I've been here for a while now so I know if you're using this tactic of nitpicking every little thing I've written, it means you've already admitted defeat & you're now just trying to look cool next to your pack to pick up the little dignity you have left.

Just40:


I intentionally left that part out so that you can Google..
Now that you've google, let me add the other part.


They were slaves who arrived in Montevideo, Uruguay on a Spanish slave vessel in chains and sold as slaves... During the Uruguayan revolution, they because free men who entered Paraguay and Brazil.

They are 400 families with total number of 1200

Get working googling up your history and don't come back with the lie of they were slaves..

Copy pasting won't do you any good, they didn't arrive in Paraguay as slaves but as settlers & that's a fact.

Uruguay ≠ Paraguay lol conflating countries now pitiful.

Also you seem to be under the illusion it was so common place for other black ethnicities to just end up as settlers or even as free men, why don't you post any people groups from Ghana that did that... I'll wait.

What's even more funny is that the Kamba aren't even known for being fighters lol, they're not even one of the powerful ethnicities in Kenya lol...

Just40:
There's record in old Asante ledger on consignments and there's record of the Kamba people in Paraguay.

Kamba Cua and the Kamba Kokue of Paraguay.
Do you even know the history behind that group?

They comprised of a little more than 200 settlers not slaves, they accompanied General Jose Gervasio Artigas in the 19th century, the revolutionary leader of the now Uruguay, in his exile in Paraguay as his personal group of Spearmen/soldiers along with their wives.

They had land, wives, rights & established customs which wasn't possible for a mere slave in the 19th century.

They've lasted for so long in such a racist country due to their self respecting nature, though their land has been stolen by the government in a bid to have them mix with the white women to dilute their presence.

They weren't a bunch of meek slaves that were used as property by the white settlers lol...

Do your own research before embarrassing yourself lol.

obaaderemi:

I see where you are mistaken. You are struggling with English language. Zanj as used in the term Zanj slaves is an adjective and not a possessive. Obaaderemi's as used in obaaderemi's towel signifies possession. You are even a bigger ignoramus than rvp, who actually owned up he has never heard about the term Zanj, and that he has always had a problem with English language since high school.
Zanj land stretches up to the coast of modern day Kenya. And many Zanj people were captured as slaves by the Arabs, some of them ended up as far as China and Iraq. I guess you also read about the Zanj here for the first time and had to make a hasty research like your brother who admitted his ignorance. But unlike him, ignorance is bliss to you.

The slavers were the Arabs , the Zanj were traded and of course some of them worked for the slavers to sell their own people, some of whom came from modern day Kenya. If you need more clarification on this, hit me up. I'll school you for free. Like just 40 said: you need to learn your own history.

You forget slaves were seen & treated as mere property at the time, your own people traded them of for as little as an umbrella.

"Exports of slaves to the Muslim world from the Indian
Ocean began after Muslim Arab and Swahili traders won
control of the Swahili Coast and sea routes during the 9th
century (see Sultanate of Zanzibar )"
https://www.nairaland.com/3327823/kenyans-far-behind-nigerians-every/1473#:~:text=Exports%20of%20slaves%20to%20the%20Muslim%20world%20from%20the%20Indian%0AOcean%20began%20after%20Muslim%20Arab%20and%20Swahili%20traders%20won%0Acontrol%20of%20the%20Swahili%20Coast%20and%20sea%20routes%20during%20the%209th%0Acentury%20(see%20Sultanate%20of%20Zanzibar%20)

From the Wikipedia link you copied earlier, the swahili were traders as well. You actually can't be helped, just check yourself in to a mental health facility to help humanity out.

Just40:
simply put, go and learn your history...

You don't seem to know it just like your fellow Kenyans.

The Asantes were major buyers of slaves and resellers of slave from all around Africa, slave workers were highly needed for farm work in Asanteland itself.
Your kamba slaves passed through Asante land to serve before being resold and ending up in the Americas

OH really? & what exactly made you come to the conclusion that the Asante bought Kamba slaves? Do you have any articles to collaborate with your assertions?

obaaderemi:
This one is even more stupid than the other little Indians.
How could the Zanj be the traders when they were the bantus being traded?


https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Ocean_slave_trade

Wow you're actually autistic, bless you for trying to understand.

See you're conflating two very "simple" things.
Zanj slaves & Zanj, similar to saying obaaderemi's towel & obaaderemi get it now? Hint the towel ≠ Obaaderemi

Zanzibar a swahili settlement literally translates to the coast of the Zanji, & guess the ethnicity of the people from Zanzibar? Hint the Zanj/swahili.

I know this is an even harder topic for you, but be patient with me.

Of course the slaves were bantus & the Zanj/swahili themselves are also bantus, & yes they were the traders of other bantus despite being themselves bantus, I know, I know...

This must be very confusing to you but I'll shock you some more, you see the west African Niger-Congo like the yoruba, igbo, Ashanti... were themselves also the traders of fellow Niger-Congo slaves in the infamous trans-saharan & even more infamous trans-atlantic slave trades. Yikes the truth is out now.

rvp2018:
You're driving sense into the two morons with admirable patience's.Slaves in East Africa were mainly from Kongo and Buganda kingdom.They were bought by Arabs slave traders and taken to the coast to be sold.. mostly in Zanzibar

I see through them, they're just trolls trying to get a rise by inventing their own versions of history & facts.

Two West Africans on nairaland trying to erase the past 2 millenniums of their infamous slave trade history to get at Kenya lol.

They do this with everything here, repeatedly over & over.

Nairobi has commendable green spaces
A certain someone - not like Accra, Lagos...

Kenya is a model country for African states
A certain someone - No our country that's under recession is the model...

Mpesa is unrivaled in Africa
A certain someone - no mtn money is...

Kenya....
A certain someone - Ghana, Nigeria...

Like little kids in the playground playing your mama banters.

Just40:
Let me test your knowledge of your own history to see how ignorant you are.

Did the Kikuyu and maasai have long history of raiding each other lands and collecting slaves to be sold to the Arabs or not?
Weren't the maasai most dominant over the kikuyus weaklings for a very long time?

Did the kambas carry out raids of various communities around it to be sold as slaves?
Do you know how the Arabs sold kamba slaves to the Europeans who went on to sell them to the Asantes for gold, who used them as farm helps to clear forest and later on resold for guns?

The Maa stance on slavery had been documented by scholars long before naira land was even a thing so you're literal inventing your own version of history on the Maa by suggesting otherwise. "The Maasai people stood against slavery and never condoned traffic of human beings; and outsiders looking for people to enslave avoided the Maasai. Essentially there are twenty-two geographic sectors or sub tribes of the Maasai community, each one having its own customs, appearance, leadership and dialects."
https://www.google.com/search?q=the+maasai+stance+on+slavery&oq=the+maasai+stance+on+sl&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j33i160l4j33i22i29i30l3.11906j0j4&client=ms-android-huawei-rev1&sourceid=chrome-mobile&ie=UTF-8#:~:text=The%20Maasai%20people,leadership%20and%20dialects.

The Kamba, Kikuyu... arrived in Southern Kenya fairly recently & were surrounded by the Maa to the west & the coastal bantus to the east, their earliest ancestors left their genetic imprits in Kenya during the 3rd - 6th century CE, so most of their slave raids happen to have involved mostly Tanzanians, & the buyers were the Zanj who re-exported the slaves to the Indian Ocean market.

The only east Africans that were sold to the west (Brazil, Caribbean, USA) were from Mozambique & Madagascar by the Portuguese, lol the Asante had enough slaves & were the ones selling each other as slaves for meager things like rum, clothing, & the likes.

obaaderemi:
I'm sure you have not heard about the Zanj slaves from the interior of what is known today as Kenya.

Somehow you're even more pitiful, Zanj was the name adopted for the swahili coast by the middle eastern traders. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanj

Obviously as I've put it in perspective in my earlier response to just40s misguided stance, the Swahili/Zanj traded with their fellow middle eastern Muslims in slaves, the slaves came mostly from central African & southern African slaving grounds, Muslims rarely turn their fellow Muslims into slaves & guess the predominant religion for most of the swahili.

Just40:
Don't lose your temper already.. frustration don't look good on you

Okay let's tackle your claims..

The Arab slave trade in East Africa exported the most slaves and went on for 700 plus year carrying 17 million people from tribes in Kenya and other places in East Africa.
You guys are such a disgrace of an African, Africans are not know to be that much of a weakling to be ruled by Arabs for more than 13 century and then Europeans.

Even with the US base in your country, you're drowning into the Indian Ocean being overruned by terrorist so you think everyone is a weakling like your country.

Only if East Africa had a multinational force similar to what ECOWAS put up, you guys would have ended terrorism decades ago from your unstable region.
Mali and Burkina Faso have more capable armies to deal with their situation else they will be asking for ECOWAS help by now

You're just being obtuse & ignorant.

The reason it's called the east African slave trade is because the traders were east African swahili speakers like tippu tip https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tippu_Tip but the slaves comprised of mostly central Africans & southern Africans who were colonized by the swahili who established trade routes to their colonies.

Even today most Eastern Congolese people still speak swahili due to the effects of the trade & swahili colonization.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congo%E2%80%93Arab_War#:~:text=The%20Congo%E2%80%93Arab%20War%20(also,%2C%20Tippu%20Tip's%20son.

Continental Trade routes pic1
Continental slaving grounds Pic2

Nilo-saharan & afroasiatic regions were generally avoided due to it not being a viable trade.

Justnotyou:


Israeli is a nationality that encompasses several well documented ethnicities from Jewish communities to the Arabic & other communities, though it's linguistically almost 90%+ Afro-Asiatic.

If you were referring to the two (most times regarded to be three) Jewish communities.

Linguistically they all fall under the semetic branch of the Afro-Asiatic community.

Genetically.

Autosamal dna
The Mizrahi
Are the closest communities to the ancient Hebrew genetically. With some Beta Israel, some Sephardic jews Pic 1 & 2

The Sephardi Jews & the Ashkenazi Jews.
Are closely related to each other & tend to have some mixed middle eastern dna & European dna. Pic 3 & 4

Uniparentals
Y-dna they seem to all be on average majorly from haplogroup E1b1b & Haplogroup J that's relatively common to the middle eastern region.

However for the Sephardic jews & the Ashkenazi a sizeable portion about 40% have European uniparentals & about 50% of the Ashkenazi priests descend from haplogroup R1a which suggests a heavy European admixture event that happened at some point to the community.

Mtdna due to being heterogeneous in almost all the communities except the Mizrahi suggests the males intermingled with a number of other non Middle Eastern communities. Which would explain the amount of admixture on average of the communities.

Generally they all mostly have some ancient Middle Eastern autosomal dna that suggest ancestry from the ancient Hebrew.

FYI, from the g25 runs.
Levant_PPNB = Natufian/ ancient Middle Eastern ancestry.
Mar Taforalt = North African Berbers ancestry.
IRN = west Asian ancestry.
Yoruba = west African ancestry.
Dinka = east African ancestry.
Yamnaya = steppe ancestry.

Well make this your Pic 1. That has beta Israel.

BeforeJuly:

I've always wondered what the isreali fall under. Any idea?

Israeli is a nationality that encompasses several well documented ethnicities from Jewish communities to the Arabic & other communities, though it's linguistically almost 90%+ Afro-Asiatic.

If you were referring to the two (most times regarded to be three) Jewish communities.

Linguistically they all fall under the semetic branch of the Afro-Asiatic community.

Genetically.

Autosamal dna
The Mizrahi
Are the closest communities to the ancient Hebrew genetically. With some Beta Israel, some Sephardic jews.

The Sephardi Jews & the Ashkenazi Jews.
Are closely related to each other & tend to have some mixed middle eastern dna & European dna. Pic 1, 2, 3 & 4

Uniparentals
Y-dna they seem to all be on average majorly from haplogroup E1b1b & Haplogroup J that's relatively common to the middle eastern region.

However for the Sephardic jews & the Ashkenazi a sizeable portion about 40% have European uniparentals & about 50% of the Ashkenazi priests descend from haplogroup R1a which suggests a heavy European admixture event that happened at some point to the community.

Mtdna due to being heterogeneous in almost all the communities except the Mizrahi suggests the males intermingled with a number of other non Middle Eastern communities. Which would explain the amount of admixture on average of the communities.

Generally they all mostly have some ancient Middle Eastern autosomal dna that suggest ancestry from the ancient Hebrew.

FYI, from the g25 runs.
Levant_PPNB = Natufian/ ancient Middle Eastern ancestry.
Mar Taforalt = North African Berbers ancestry.
IRN = west Asian ancestry.
Yoruba = west African ancestry.
Dinka = east African ancestry.
Yamnaya = steppe ancestry.

jl115:
sure

https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12915-020-0746-1

https://www.google.com/amp/s/theconversation.com/amp/what-genetic-analysis-reveals-about-the-ancestry-of-south-africas-afrikaners-133242

https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/the-ancestry-of-one-afrikaner

https://www.up.ac.za/biochemistry-genetics-and-microbiology/news/post_2907632-new-study-clarifies-nature-of-genetic-admixture-in-south-africas-afrikaner-population

Interesting... I'll run a K=10 to 7 using their source samples.

jl115:
according to DNA research the following make up the majority of Afrikaner DNA-

"Estimates, based on genealogical research, vary but Dutch, German and French respectively contributed 34–37%, 27–34% and 13–26%" also there is around 5-7.5% non European ancestry in the Afrikaner population as well

Depends on what source samples they're using for that research can I have the link?

jl115:
to much way to much Scandinavian in this one.....also way to much British ancestry

What did you initially expect? Which countries do you believe should be more relevant to your community?

jl115:
also highly doubt this calculator since French Huguenots make up a very large portion of Afrikaner ancestry

These calculators seem to agree that the Afrikaner are mostly made up of Germanic ancestry with just a lil bit of French & Celtic dna.

Pic 1 living dna calculator.
Pic 2 UN designated regions ancestry calculator.
Pic 3 world War 1 ancestry calculator.
Pic 4 modern world ancestry.

jl115:
also highly doubt this calculator since French Huguenots make up a very large portion of Afrikaner ancestry

The French are your third closest ethnicity, there are other calculators that might be far more precise though.

jl115:
what site/calculator are you using?

I use Vahaduo. https://vahaduo.github.io/vahaduo/ among others, but I prefer Vahaduo.

jl115:
Afrikaners are North African?? I think your calculator is broken bru

But anyway.. Lets see what my dna profile is

you were kangs & shi@

If you want your in depth dna profile I will need your G25 coords. If you don't have them you can access them by first getting any raw data of your autosomal dna from any of these commercial test sites (23andme, Family Tree DNA, Ancestry, My Heritage, Living DNA)

After getting them send the raw data to this site https://illustrativedna.com/ the initial process isn't free & might cost you between 25 to 200 dollars depending on where you are currently & how much data you have at hand.

Once you get the coordinates from these commercial dna sites I'll do everything else for free... From PCA to other cool runs.

BeforeJuly:

So afrikaaners are?

When using this calculator they're mostly Germanic.
Pic 1 Germanic languages.
Pic 2 Afrikaner single run dna profile
Pic 3 The closest communities to the Afrikaners

rvp2018:
Genetically Yoruba,igbo and Bantus are similar..any small difference apart from admixtures is whether they settled in forest or savannah

Yes, the difference is noticeable in some of the Bantu communities.

pygmies for example are majorly bantus but they are far removed from the other bantus genetically, similarly in East Africa the Kenyan bantus, Tutsi, northern Tanzanian bantus & nomadic bantus from Uganda are about 40% + Nilo-saharan on average with some being heavily cushitic shifting. South African bantus likewise for example the Xhosa are also further removed from the average bantu & their ancestors by being admixed with & or assimilating the Khoisan.

rvp2018:
linguistic DNA igbo are closer to Yoruba than congo who are close to Bantus..but genetically they are the same.. meaning any diversity is recent

Congolese are mostly Bantu except for the few Nilo-saharans in the east. Pic 1

Linguistically Pic2 they're practically cousins & genetically the Igbo & Yoruba are indistinguishable on many runs including those from commercial dna testing sites except the igbos tend to have less than 3% Congolese on average which is negligible. Pic 3

Yes any drastic shift >10% in their diversity tends to be from fairly recent.

Justnotyou:
Discussing Anthropology is a good thing. For people interested on going further in depth they can access their dna profiles from a number of reputable commercial dna test sites.

As for the phenotype, it's already being discussed at length, though I will only add that the Igbo are a little more brown on average compared to their yoruba counterparts, not light skin.

Phenotype doesn't really explain the genotype or linguistic classifications of the many ethnicities we have.

Linguistically Yoruba, Igbo & bantoids are Benue-Congo. The largest branch of the Niger-Congo phylum. (pic1)

Phenotypically the Bantoid show a large number of varied phenotypes due to their spread, adaptation & absorption of other communities than the Igbo & Yoruba. (Pic2)

Genetically the Bantoid are yet again further subdivided into several groups while both yoruba & igbos are predominantly west African Niger-Congo without much admixture from other communities. (Pic3)

Don't mind the Afrikaner are 100% North African its due to my source samples being biased & purely African with no European hence they chose the most Eurasian group of all my source samples & it was North Africa. I'll do another run for them if jln115 wants his dna profile.

Anyone with any request for different communities can share them & I'll see if I can run them with my calculator.

Also if you want your own personal single run you can ask & I'll show you how to get it.

Discussing Anthropology is a good thing. For people interested in going further in depth they can access their dna profiles from a number of reputable commercial dna test sites.

As for the phenotype, it's already being discussed at length, though I will only add that the Igbo are a little more brown on average compared to their yoruba counterparts, not light skin.

Phenotype doesn't really explain the genotype or linguistic classifications of the many ethnicities we have.

Linguistically Yoruba, Igbo & bantoids are Benue-Congo. The largest branch of the Niger-Congo phylum. (pic1)

Phenotypically the Bantoid show a large number of varied phenotypes due to their spread, adaptation & absorption of other communities compared to the Igbo & Yoruba. (Pic2)

Genetically the Bantoid are yet again further subdivided into several groups while both yoruba & igbos are predominantly west African Niger-Congo without much admixture from other communities. (Pic3)

Hausa is an ethnolinguistic group, made up of different subgroups that speak specific specialized dialects of the first language. Whether one prefers to call them tribe or ethnic group it shouldn't matter though it is best to refer to it as an ethnic or ethnolinguistic group.


West Africa is a region in Africa that’s inhabited by several communities from different language families.

The west African Afro-Asiatic communities (chadic=Hausa, Berbers=Tuareg, semites= baggara/shuwa arabs) like their other Afro-Asiatic brethrens all linguistically originate in East Africa In Sudan/Ethiopia along the Nile basin where their proto-Afro-Asiatic ancestors lived. Pic2 Pic3 (African)

The west African Nilo-saharan communities (soghai, saharans=Kanuri,Toubou) like the rest all linguistically originate from their proto-Nilo-saharan ancestors from Sudan or somewhere along the Nile basin. Pic1 Pic3 (middle-Nile)

The west African Niger-Congo communities (Fulani, Igbo, Yoruba, Tiv, Ashanti, bantu) all originate from the green sahara in ancient Mali/Ghana. Pic3

So everyone participating in the esoteric discussion is partially right & also wrong, though Just30/40 is wrong on the time period & the people involved he is ultimately right that the Niger-Congo people originate from their proto-Niger-Congo ancestors from ancient Mali/Ghana. Still not all west Africans have a homeland in ancient Ghana, & the ones that do (Niger-Congo) definitely don't have recent or direct
Roots from the recent Ghana empire.

jl115:
nope average Kenyan is 4 times poorer than black South Africans, have 50% probability of living in a slum and twice as likely to live in poverty

Factually.
The average Kenyan is only twice as poor as the average South African. Black south africans believe it or not wouldn't fair any better. (Pic 1) wealth per capita (pic 2) gdp per capita.

Slums

slum
/slʌm/
noun
a squalid and overcrowded urban street or district inhabited by very poor people.

occur in an urban setting & since Kenya is only 28% urban while south africa is 62% urban it means one is more likely to be living in a slum if they are coming from south africa. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS?name_desc=true

Poverty headcount between the two countries actually makes it clear Kenya has 36% while south africa 55.5% so it's actually the other way around one is about twice as likely to live in poverty while being in South Africa than in Kenya.
<iframe src="https://data.worldbank.org/share/widget?indicators=SI.POV.NAHC&locations=KE-ZA" width='450' height='300' frameBorder='0' scrolling="no" ></iframe>

https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.NAHC?locations=KE-ZA

vankelvin:


The guy is seriously sick in the head.
He stays on nairaland and just be writing stories straight from head and his other lunatics will come and support him... Very funny


They don't even know the difference between
Gold Coast Territory and Ghana so they keep making stories to please themselves.

We had
--Volta Region which was then Western Togoland under French rule
--Ashanti Empire ruled by the Ashanti King
--Northern Territory under German rule
Then Gold Coast which was later under British rule.

Ghana was formed out of these 4 different territories.... You guys really have heart to endure his lunacy.

One absurd thing about him is he doesn't stick to one argument to the end.
He keeps jumping from one topic to another. He goes round round then he starts everything all over again....
Such a lunatic old kenyan.

What? Ghana is the gold coast the rest of the territories in modern Ghana was just taken by the colonizers in corporations with the gold coast not as separate entities, if you want to talk about Ashanti or any other ethnicities in Ghana you can do so but when discussing modern countries that have been colonies since earlier in the 2nd millennium Rvp20182 is right Ghana is probably one of the best contenders for Africa's most cuckold countries alongside North Africa & Dutch cape coast lol its a sad part of history but you can't run away from it, even discount vikings had a run on your country wah.

The Portuguese
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_Gold_Coast#:~:text=The%20Portuguese%20established%20the%20following,%2C%20district%20of%20Accra%3A%201640%E2%80%93

The Germans
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandenburger_Gold_Coast

The Swedish
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_Gold_Coast

The Dutch
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_Gold_Coast

The Danish
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danish_Gold_Coast

The British
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Coast_(British_colony)

AfriqueDuZuid:
Jomo kenyata is one picture with all its planes

Earthrise" image taken in 1968 NASA is one picture with its inhabitants, resources & surrounding.