Sex work is a controversial form of income. It is a subject much discussed by experts in feminism, religion, law and politics. And its popular portrayal is often left to people far removed from the realities of sexual commerce. Those who (wrongly) conflate sex work with human trafficking and exploitation would like to see it abolished.

In Brazil, sex work remains politically and socially contentious. But thanks to a staunch sex worker movement in the country, the people who actually do the work have made themselves key contributors to the debate. It is a movement which has informed political policy, affected legislation in urban reform and sexual healthcare and fought tirelessly for the full recognition of sex work as a profession.


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The Velvet Revolution, locally known as the Gentle Revolution, was a nonviolent, bloodless transition from communism in the Czechoslovakia

Republic. The transition, lasting between November 17 and December 29, 1989, was marked by demonstrations led by students and older dissidents

against the one-party government of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. The result was the end of 41 years of one-party rule in

Czechoslovakia, and its conversion to a parliamentary republic, as well as abolishing the planned economy.

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The alpine nation has a population of about 8.7 million people with a healthy per capita income of $50,078, which is about four times higher than

the per capita income for the average person globally. Its robust service sector and its proximity to Germany provide a ready market for its steel,

iron and agricultural products. The Capital city, Vienna is the fifth richest metropolis in Europe behind Hamburg, London, Luxembourg, and Brussels.

12 – Netherlands - $50,898 GDP (PPP) per capita
With 16.8 million people, and a per capita GDP of $50,898 the Dutch are more than just a tulip country. Its success comes from three key sectors: mining, agriculture, and manufacturing. Many people do not know that the Netherlands is actually a kingdom of four countries: Aruba, Curaçao, the Netherlands and Sint Maarten but the Netherlands makes up 98% of the total land area in the Kingdom.

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Biology is becoming increasingly digitized. Researchers like us use computers to analyze DNA, operate lab equipment and store genetic information. But new capabilities also mean new risks – and biologists remain largely unaware of the potential vulnerabilities that come with digitizing biotechnology.
The emerging field of cyberbiosecurity explores the whole new category of risks that come with the increased use of computers in the life sciences.

University scientists, industry stakeholders and government agents have begun gathering to discuss these threats. We've even hosted FBI agents from the Weapons of Mass Destruction Directorate here at Colorado State University and previously at Virginia Tech for crash courses on synthetic biology and the associated cyberbiosecurity risks. A year ago, we participated in a U.S. Department of Defense-funded project to assess the security of biotechnology infrastructures. The results are classified, but we disclose some of the lessons learned in our new Trends in Biotechnology paper.

SOURCE:http://kmnyinfo..com.ng/2017/12/dna-has-gone-digital-what-could.html

Two new exoplanets have been discovered thanks to NASA’s collaboration with Google’s artificial intelligence (AI). One of those in today’s announcement is an eighth planet – Kepler-90i – found orbiting the Sun-like star Kepler-90. This makes it the first system discovered with an equal number of planets to our own Solar system.

A mere road trip away, at 2,545 light-years from Earth, Kepler-90i orbits its host star every 14.4 Earth days, with a sizzling surface temperature similar to Venus of 426°C.This new Solar system rival provides evidence that a similar process occurred within Kepler-90 that formed our very own planetary neighbourhood: small terrestrial worlds close to the host star, and larger gassy planets further away. But to say the system is a twin of our own Solar system is a stretch.

The new exoplanets are added to the growing list of known worlds found orbiting other stars.




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NEW ORLEANS—In the HBO TV series "Game of Thrones," a great wall of ice helps repel giants and the undead. But could such a structure be possible here on Earth? A new study suggests that, no, it's not realistic, because without magic, such a barrier would fall rapidly.
The gigantic icy barrier simply known as "the Wall" in "Game of Thrones" is about 700 feet (215 meters) high, 300 miles (480 kilometers) long and wide enough at its top for a dozen mounted knights to ride side by side. One of the nine wonders made by humans in George R.R. Martin's "A Song of Ice and Fire" (from which "Game of Thrones" is adapted), the Wall was built by the legendary figure known as Brandon the Builder, with the aid of giants.
The aim of the Wall is to defend the northern border of the Seven Kingdoms. To protect the Wall against invaders, the military order known as the Night's Watch possesses 19 forts, such as the Shadow Tower and Castle Black.
But how strong would such a great ice wall actually be? The problem with ice is that it can flow, said study author Martin Truffer, a glaciologist at the University of Alaska Fairbanks.

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California has become the fifth US state to allow terminally ill patients to legally end their lives with a doctor's supervision. What does the law say in different states and countries when it comes to the right to die?
These terms are not always used consistently.

Euthanasia is an intervention undertaken with the intention of ending a life to relieve suffering, for example a lethal injection administered by a doctor
Assisted suicide is any act that intentionally helps another person kill themselves, for example by providing them with the means to do so, most commonly by prescribing a lethal medication

Assisted dying is usually used in the US and the UK to mean assisted suicide for the terminally ill only, as for example in the Assisted Dying Bills recently debated in the UK

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Tweaking the genes of mosquitoes that can carry disease can transform those blood suckers into weapons that fight disease. This is the finding of a new study in Brazil.

Dengue (DEN-gay) fever is a viral disease spread by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

This potentially life-threatening infectious disease causes high fevers, headaches, pain and sometimes mild to severe bleeding.

Because there is no cure, health officials are always on the lookout for ways to slow the spread of this virus. And one new approach is to slow the growth of mosquito populations.

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At a U.S. House of Representatives hearing on October 12th, experts warned that the greatest existential threat to the country may come from the detonation of a nuclear EMP bomb. It could kill as many as 90 percent of all Americans within a year.

What would an EMP attack actually do? It could involve the detonation of a hydrogen bomb delivered by missile or even satellites at a high altitude of 30-400 km, creating an electromagnetic pulse that would knock out the electrical grid.

But not only that - all electrical devices in the range of the blast could be fried.
No lights, no computers, no phones, no internet, not even cars would work.
The lack of refrigeration is likely to spoil food, causing mass starvation. Add to that lack of clean water, no air traffic control or any financial transactions taking place and you have widespread devastation in the U.S.

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Genetically mutated rats could be released into Britain to help tackle the growing problem with rodents, Edinburgh University has said.
Scientists have launched a project to find out if genetically editing animals could provide a more humane method of pest control.

Figures released last week show that London councils receive 100 complaints about rats and mice each day with some local authorities reporting a 10 per cent increase in the number of rodents since last year.
Most pest controllers use poison, but rats are fast becoming resistant to even the strongest toxins, and poison risks harming pets and other animals.

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Just like what happens in a movie. Joaquín Guzmán Loera, a drug kingpin known as El Chapo, was arrested by the Mexican authorities nearly six

months after his escape from a maximum security prison, according to an announcement from Mexico’s president. Mr. Guzmán’s escape humiliated

officials who had promised that his escape in 2001 would never be repeated.First, Mr. Guzmán is believed to have climbed down through a

two-by-two foot hole underneath the shower in his cell in the prison’s most secure wing.



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Are we alone?
How people would respond to finding they're not alone in the universe is a perennial question, but one that has been the subject of far more speculation than study, Varnum said. He could find only one study that asked people how they thought they'd react to the announcement of extraterrestrial life, and it was a decade old.
Varnum wanted to tackle the question a bit more realistically. So he turned to the real-world news, analyzing articles dating back to 1967 that looked at discoveries that could potentially have hinted at alien life (including — full disclosure — articles by Live Science's sister site Space.com on a star with irregular brightness cycles that might have signaled extraterrestrial activity, but the irregular cycles more likely result from orbiting dust).


Read more on: http://kmnyinfo..co.uk/2017/12/humans-would-be-cool-with-finding-aliens.

She may be the first female chief executive of a major U.S. stock exchange operator, but it's not the only arena that Adena Friedman has managed to champion.

While many recognize Friedman for her work as president and CEO of Nasdaq, outside of the business world, the leading Wall Street figure takes on the world of Taekwondo, a Korean martial art that she's secured a black belt in.
Having watched her children take on the sport from an early age, the stock exchange CEO decided to get involved and make it a family activity — rather than just sit on the sidelines.
Yet, continuing the sport today not only helps Friedman stay active outside of work, but has the capability of influencing her role, when on the job.


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2018 is the perfect chance to start a brand new chapter. Yet while most of us set New Year's resolutions, studies reveal that fewer than 10 percent of us manage to stick to them for more than a few months. A big reason is that we see these changes as enormous obstacles rather than the result of small, daily decisions.

The power of choosing positive habits – and sticking to them for the long-term – will allow your success to compound. Trust me when I say that making the time for self-improvement this year will snowball into something great.
So, instead of waiting for success to fall in your lap in 2018, you can begin achieving it today by adopting these small yet powerful daily habits:



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The World’s Most Dangerous Cities
Caracas, Venezuela has held on to its spot as the world's most dangerous city with a murder rate of 130.35. This staggering number is followed by Acapulco, Mexico with 113.24 per 100,000 inhabitants and San Pedro Sula, Honduras with 112.09 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants. Violence brought on by drug trafficking and organized gangs have been blamed for the relentless violence in these cities, although the factors are generally quite complicated. Unfortunately, none of these cities are strangers to the top three positions, except for maybe the resort town of Acapulco, which violence from other regions of the country has been spilling into in recent years.

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A hungry shark that tried to swallow a spiny porcupine fish suffocated on its supper, as the prickly mouthful got hooked halfway into the shark's gullet and blocked the predator's gills.
The unfortunate porcupine fish did not survive the encounter, either.

The deadly clash took place on April 21 in tropical waters near the Maldives, an island country in the Indian Ocean, and the aftermath was observed and photographed by independent marine biologist Lauren Arthur after the animals' remains washed up on the beach Young lemon sharks are frequent visitors to the shallow lagoon in Baa Atoll, and the waters are likewise home to a large population of porcupine fish.

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intercontinental ballistic missile, which is housed at the Titan Missile Museum in Sahuarita, Arizona. This missile became operational in 1963 at the height of the Cold War with the Soviet Union and was de-activated in November 1982 because of a nuclear treaty. Credit: Brian Cahn/Zuma

How do intercontinental ballistic missiles — including the one North Korea launched Tuesday (Nov. 28) that flew more than 10 times higher than the International Space Station — work?

The answer depends on the type of intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), but most of these rockets launch from a device on the ground, travel into outer space and finally re-enter Earth's atmosphere, plummeting rapidly until they hit their target.
As of now, no country has fired an ICBM as an act of war against another country, although some countries have tested these missiles in practice exercises, said Philip Coyle, a senior science adviser with The Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation, a nonprofit headquartered in Washington, D.C. But even though North Korea's tests are also exercises, the provocative nature of these tests has many world leaders on edge, according to news reports.

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With tensions brewing between the United States and North Korea — highlighted by a flurry of nuclear missile tests and fighting words by both countries — the possibility of nuclear war seems closer than it has been in years, according to experts.

Pentagon officials announced today (Nov. 28) that North Korea conducted a nuclear test launch of an intercontinental ballistic missile with the range to reach Washington D.C. South Korean officials believe its hostile neighbor to the north could have the ability to pair such a missile with a nuclear warhead sometime in 2018, CNN reported.Though North Korea doesn't currently have the ability to nuke the United States capital, the mere possibility of a nuclear attack put people around the world on edge. In the event that North Korea did decide to attack the states, is there any way to stop nuclear missiles once they've been fired?

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On September 11, 2001, 19 militants associated with the Islamic extremist group al-Qaeda hijacked four airplanes and carried out suicide attacks against targets in the United States. Two of the planes were flown into the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, a third plane hit the Pentagon just outside Washington, D.C., and the fourth plane crashed in a field in Pennsylvania. Almost 3,000 people were killed during the 9/11 terrorist attacks, which triggered major U.S. initiatives to combat terrorism and defined the presidency of George W. Bush.

World Trade Center

On September 11, 2001, at 8:45 a.m. on a clear Tuesday morning, an American Airlines Boeing 767 loaded with 20,000 gallons of jet fuel crashed into the north tower of the World Trade Center in New York City.
The impact left a gaping, burning hole near the 80th floor of the 110-story skyscraper, instantly killing hundreds of people and trapping hundreds more in higher floors.








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Scientists identified a type of chimpanzee in West Africa as the source of HIV infection in humans. They believe that the chimpanzee version of the immunodeficiency virus called simian immunodeficiency virus or SIV most likely was transmitted to humans and mutated into HIV when humans hunted these chimpanzees for meat and came into contact with their infected blood. Over decades, the virus slowly spread across Africa and later into other parts of the world.
The question is how did the first person get on earth? The earliest known case of infection with HIV-1 in a human was detected in a blood sample collected in 1959 from a man in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo. The first person with hiv, How he became infected is not known. Genetic analysis of this blood sample suggested that HIV-1 may have stemmed from a single virus in the late 1940s or early 1950s.

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Uber's planned "flying cars" will navigate crowded city skies with some help from NASA, if everything goes according to plan.

The space agency has signed an agreement with Uber to help develop an air-traffic-control system for the flying-car project, which goes by the name Uber Elevate or UberAir, according to USA Today.

"UberAir will be performing far more flights over cities on a daily basis than has ever been done before," Uber Chief Product Officer Jeff Holden said in a statement provided to USA Today. "Doing this safely and efficiently is going to require a foundational change in airspace-management technologies."
In 2011, the agency's Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate (ARMD) started a project called Unmanned Aircraft Systems Integration in the National Airspace System (UAS in the NAS), which focused on relatively large, uncrewed vehicles flying above 500 feet (150 meters).

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A girl's heart appears to beat literally outside of her chest in a recent video, but what causes this to happen?
The video, which was uploaded to YouTube in September, shows a young girl laughing as her heart beats outside of her chest, with just a thin layer of skin protecting the vital organ. The girl appears to be Virsaviya Borun, an 8-year-old who was born with a rare condition called pentalogy of Cantrell. (Borun's story first went viral in 2015.)

Pentalogy of Cantrell is an often-fatal disorder involving several birth defects in the chest and abdominal area, which can result in the heart being located just beneath a person's skin, as opposed to behind layers of bone, tissue and muscle.
The disorder can include defects of the diaphragm (the muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen and helps with breathing); the breastbone (sternum); the pericardium (the membrane that lines the heart); the abdominal wall and the heart itself, according to the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)

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Scientists are developing an artificial kidney that can replicate the work of the real organs and potentially eliminate the need for dialysis.
Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), are developing an implantable artificial kidney that can closely replicate the functions of real kidneys.

If they are successful, the scientists’ work could help eliminate the need for dialysis.
Kidney transplants for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have a high rate of success.
About 93 percent of transplanted kidneys are still working after a year and 83 percent are functioning after three years.
But while more than 25,000 kidneys are transplanted each year, as of early 2016, more than 100,000 people were on the transplant waiting list in the United States.
Patients commonly wait five to 10 years for a suitable organ to become available.
Average life expectancy for dialysis patients is five to 10 years, although some have lived for decades.

from http://kmnyinfo..com.ng