Hhs

```*Onychophagia*``` is the clinical name for fingernail biting which is a parafunctional activity of the mouth! It is the common act of using the mouth for other purpose than eating, drinking and talking. Many people who engage in this act started from childhood and it is often carried over to the adolescence stage and still prevalent in adulthood. Nail biting include biting the nail, the cuticle, and tissue around the nail.

WHY DO I BITE MY NAILS?

According to Researchers, nail biting has the following causes:
1. Boredom; It becomes a go-to behavior to keep oneself occupied when one is waiting around, absolutely bored and idle.
2. Concentration: At the starting stage of this habit, nail biting is not a conscious choice rather sometimes caused by absentminded tendency. One might might not be aware of biting his/her nails while trying to work out a problem.
3. Some researchers believe that nail biting is caused by a delay or dysfunction in the oral stage of psychological development.
4. Although it’s not proven, but researchers believe that there may be a genetic component cause of Onychophagia!
5. Finally, nail biting can be associated with mental health conditions but it doesn’t mean you have a psychological disorder once you are a nail biter.
Some of the mental health disorders includes:
A. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)~A mental health disorder that is characterised by persistently depressed mood or loss of interest in activities, causing significant impairment in daily life.
B. obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)~Excessive thoughts or obsessions that leads to repetitive behaviours.

*SIDE EFFECTS AND RISKS OF ONYCHOPHAGIA*

One of the major side effects of nail biting is often unrecognized by the unsuspecting nail biting addicts. According to an article in Dermnetnz, nail biting results to dysmorphia. If left untreated, severe onychophagia can lead to dysmorphic dental problems, including:

-Malocclusion (imperfect positioning) of the front teeth.
-Crowding, attrition and rotation of the teeth noted on X-rays.
-Attrition of the incisional edge of the mandibular incisors (lower front teeth).
-Protrusion of the maxillary incisors (upper front teeth).
-Dental resorption( loss of a part or parts of a tooth). Tooth resorption can lead to infections, crooked teeth, tooth loss, and other dental problems that can cause lasting damage to your teeth, gums, and jaw.

These problems can affect the individual’s physical appearance which can only be avoided if the nail-biting habit is broken early.

Again, nail biting causes soreness of the nails and surrounding skin.

Other side effects includes;

1. Abnormal-looking nails, fungal infections of the nail plate and surrounding skin illness due to passing bacteria and viruses from your fingers to your face and mouth.
2. Temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction.
3. Negative social impact such as social withdrawal and avoiding handshakes.
4. *Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)*: Hyperactivity and impulsiveness as well as difficulty paying attention. (Although this is a major cause and side effect, it does not apply to all nail biters).
5. *Oppositional Defiant Disorder(ODD)*: Defiance and disobedience toward people of authority (Does not apply to all nail biters).

Furthermore, habits like swallowing bitten-off nails increases the risk of stomach and intestinal infections.

TREATMENT OF ONYCHOPHAGIA

1. According to Wikipedia,
“The most common treatment, which is cheap and widely available, is to apply a clear, bitter-tasting nail polish to the nails” One example of such nail polish is _denatonium benzoate_-the most bitter chemical compound known. The reason behind its use is that the bitter flavor discourages the nail-biting habit.
2. One can quit nail biting by making gradual changes. Start by choosing one finger that you will not put in your mouth. Stick with that one finger until it the nail begins to look healthier. Then choose another finger and continue on as long as it takes until you are reach down to a single finger. Then, slowly quit the last finger until you completely break the habit.
3. An article in healthline website suggested that one can try covering the nails by wearing hand gloves(clothe gloves) throughout the day time and remove only when sleeping.
4. Trim your nails often to avoid being tempted to use your mouth because as we know long nails may be hard to resist. So keeping them trimmed is a good idea. Set a particular day and reminder every week for your trim.
5. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): In cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a therapist will help you identify unhelpful behavior patterns and replace them with different behaviors.

*TAKEAWAY*:
Nail biting is a common habit that we often overlook as we think it doesn’t have a damage to our health but it is very harmful. It is a repetitive behavior that ranges from mild to severe. Therefore, one who values his/her health should apply all it takes to break this habit. Most importantly, Medical Professionals who are nail biters are often exposed to different microbes that are highly detrimental to their health. One crucial example is a Laboratory scientist who stays in the Lab often filled with different specimens; in the case where such a person fails to break the habit of nail biting, his/her chances of contacting diseases from patients is highly likely. Summarily, quit nail biting today and grow a healthy nails and life!

Written by: Ogbuanya victor Onyedikachi
(Medical Student)

Sourced from: https://www.healthline.com/health/why-do-people-bite-their-nails ; https://dermnetnz.org/topics/onychophagia ; https://health.clevelandclinic.org/nail-biting-when-does-it-go-too-far/amp/ ; https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nail_biting ; https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2012/10/01/161766321/nail-biting-mental-disorder-or-just-a-bad-habit ; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235264752030143X

F

sapientia:


USA nuclear weapons were deployed as NATO sharing mechanism

Its clear and even Russia knows how many they are

On what military was USSR building nuclear silos in Cuba in secret?

In secret

Why hide it if you think you can do that legally?

They were building it on Soviet Sharing & agreement ! Same way US were building theirs in Turkey on NATO sharing and agreement!

Again, read this below

sapientia:


USA have nuclear weapons in Turkey under NATO sharing arrangement

It was never situated in secrecy

On what basis was Russia already building nuclear silos in Cuba when they are in security tension with USA?

On what military arrangement is that?

You would have compared it if Russia discovered that USA is secretly building nuclear silos near to their borders

Read to understand why the U.S deployed nuclear weapons in Turkey!

Why won’t Cuba be also allowed to ally with the Soviet Union?
US refused selling oil to Cuba, forcing them towards the Soviet Union yet they won’t allow them relate with who is ready to Provide them with petroleum, security and good trade relations??

topcatking:


@mynd44
@lalasticlala

Tnx a lot! I hope they move it cuz I also attached links to my research!

@mynd44
@lalasticlala

seunny4lif:

FP for news that is not praising USA
I will be surprised if Mods and Seun changed from their almighty everything USA have done are good and everything Russia did is bad.

Venezuela government wanted a close relationship with Russia and China and USA sanctions them left and right but said Ukraine is free to do what they want beside Russia border.

USA supported coups against Bolivia president because he backed Venezuela government and told USA was interfering in S.America affairs but his party won again and they arrested the coup plotters and all the her troops.

Mexico government is facing massive anti government propagandas from USA government after Mexico government said they will still trade with Russia and today USA said they saw India violated Human rights because India refused to back USA sanctions on Russia .

I always feel heavenly when I see someone who understands history and international politics like this! Sir, Can we be friends pls?

What baffles me is that the United Nations has voted 29th times yet US has refused to heed to their votes! But down here, they want all African countries to pee on their clothes once UN instructs them on some stuffs! Sad!

topcatking:
Front page please.

For those who are clueless about the insatiable greed that drives US foreign relations

Abeg, how I go take tag OPs to move to front page??

Ccc: laslatica, pls move to front page

In 1820 Thomas Jefferson thought Cuba is "the most interesting addition which could ever be made to our system of States" and told Secretary of War John C. Calhoun that the United States "ought, at the first possible opportunity, to take Cuba." In a letter to the U.S. Minister to Spain Hugh Nelson, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams described the likelihood of U.S. "annexation of Cuba" within half a century despite obstacles: in his words about Cuba annexation, he said “There are laws of political as well as of physical gravitation; and if an apple severed by the tempest from its native tree cannot choose but fall to the ground, Cuba in itself when forcibly disjoined from its own connection with Spain, and incapable of self support, can gravitate only towards the North American Union.
Then, in 1820’s, the U.S desire to annex Cuba increased.

1. In 1840s, the United States offered Spain $100million to buy Cuba but Spain refused.
2. In 1854, the US through the Ostendo Manifesto again proposed buying Cuba from Spain at $130 million. If Spain were to reject the offer, war would be necessary-as it implied in the name of Manifest Destiny of the Offer. Spain rejected the Manifesto and it led to a heavily US sponsored Cuba rebellion(1868-1878) against the Spanish rule of Cuba. Between 1878 & 1898(The period of the US sponsored rebellion), American investors took advantage of the deteriorating economic conditions of the Cuban’s Ten years’ war to take over estates they had tried unsuccessfully to buy before where as others acquired properties at cheap prices. This thus weakened the Cuba’s ties with Spain, bringing the long intended dream of US to reality.
3. On the third occasion, U.S President, William McKinley in 1897 offered to buy Cuba for $300 million. The offer was again rejected by Spain and it led to the sank of American Battleship USS Maine in Cuba, which resulted in Spanish-American war. In the 1898, Spain bowed to pressure and signed a treaty with U.S and renounced all rights to Cuba. immediately after the agreement, the U.S opened “Island of Cuba Real Estate Company” to sell Cuban Lands to Americans.
4. By 1926, the U.S succeeded partly in their intention of gaining control over Cuba and they owned about 60% of the Cuban greatest industry(Sugar) & imported 95% of the total Cuban Crop.
5. Amidst the growing U.S strong Influence on Cuba daily activities, the Cuban government of Gerardo Machado was challenged by political opposition and he was militarily overthrown by Ramon Grau. Grau’s government assumed presidency and immediately nullified the platt amendment. The nullification angered the US and marked the beginning of Cuban-American poor relations until today. After the nullification, the U.S denied recognition of Grau’s government,
6. In the 1930s, General Fulgencio Batista formed a de facto government and became president of Cuba for two terms(1940-44 & 1952-59). The U.S recognized his military rule(It is widely believed that Batista’s second term as president was initiated to the interest of the U.S by a military coup planned in the U.S). The then U.S President, Harry S. Truman provided immediate military and economic aid to Batista’s government(Cuba became a popular sanctuary for American organized crime figures).
7. Again, an armed conflict broke out in Cuba in 1953 between Batista’s government and a group of Fidel Catro Rebels who saw the close relationship between Batista and the U.S as an unhealthy one for the growth of Cuba.. Fidel Castro successfully took over government amidst the U.S alleged $8.238 million worth of weapons support to help Batista’s government quash the rebellion. The Castro government was recognized by the U.S but relations between the two government deteriorated continuously. The U.S stopped buying Cuban Sugar and refused to supply them with oil which resulted to a devastating effect on Cuban economy. These led to Cuba turning to their new found trade partner, the Soviet Union, for petroleum. The U.S. began the formulation of new plans aimed at destabilizing the Cuban government. The U.S. government engaged in an extensive series of terrorist attacks in Cuba. These activities were collectively known as the "Cuban Project" or Operation Mongoose. The attacks formed a CIA-coordinated program of terrorist bombings, political and military sabotage, and psychological operations, as well as assassination attempts on key political leaders. The Joint Chiefs of Staff also proposed attacks on mainland U.S. targets, hijackings and assaults on Cuban refugee boats to generate U.S. public support for military action against the Cuban government, these proposals were known collectively as Operation Northwoods. A U.S. Senate Select Intelligence Committee report later confirmed over eight attempted plots to kill Castro between 1960 and 1965, as well as additional plans against other Cuban leaders.
8. In 1961, Cuba was invaded by the U.S by a coordinated deployment of a brigade of about 1,500 CIA-sponsored Cuban exiles to overthrow Fidel Castro but they were defeated by the Cuban military within 3 days. Then Cuba began to strengthen their relationship with the Soviet Union to source for Petroleum, Security and a better trade relationship. And in the year of 1962, U.S. spy satellites discover that Cuba has allowed the Soviet Union to build nuclear missile bases on the island. In response, U.S president John Kennedy demands the Soviet weapons be removed and orders a naval quarantine of Cuba, igniting a thirteen-day standoff. With the threat of nuclear war on the horizon, the United States negotiates with the USSR via back channels. As the crisis nears its third week, Kennedy secretly agrees to withdraw U.S. nuclear missiles from Turkey within a few months if the Soviet Union withdraws its missiles from Cuba. Kennedy also pledges not to invade Cuba. Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev accepts the deal and announces that he will order the missiles removed. The following July, Kennedy prohibits U.S. nationals from traveling to Cuba.
9. In 1980, Cuba faces intense pressure from thousands of Cubans hoping to flee the country as its economy suffers from a spike in oil prices and the continued U.S. embargo. The U.S granted them asylum and about 125,000 Cubans arrived in U.S.
10. In 1992, the Soviet Union collapsed and the U.S tightened sanctions on Cuba.
11. In 2000, Cuba again finds new partner in Hugo Chavez. Chavez was the Venezuelan president in October 2000. And according to an article in cfr website, “Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez signs an agreement with Castro allowing Venezuela to send oil to Cuba at a heavy discount in return for Cuban support in education, health care, science, and technology. Chavez aligned himself early on with Castro’s anti-U.S. stance and, soon after taking office announced a government overhaul of state oil giant PDVSA, the largest foreign supplier of oil to the United States at the time. In the following years, Venezuela boosts its oil exports to Cuba in return for more technical personnel from Cuba, including physicians, teachers, and other social-service workers”.
12. In 2008, Fidel Castro announced his resignation and in 2009, President Obama lifted some of the sanctions on cuba.
13. President Obama removed Cuba from the list of “State Sponsors of Terrorism”.
14. On 12th July 2021, Trump added them back on the list.
15. In December, 2021, 114 democratic house members signed a letter that urged President Biden to lift restrictions and Sanctions against Cuba but the Biden administration responded by a continued sanctioning of Cuba and Cuban Officials.

PS: The United Natons General Assembly have voted 29th times for an end to the U.S economic embargo against Cuba with 184 votes in favor, 3 abstentions and 2 no votes( the U.S and Israel).

Written by: Ogbuanya Victor Onyedikachi.

Sourced from: https://www.cfr.org/timeline/us-cuba-relations ;and: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93United_States_relations

May God be with him and secure his release!

I don’t know what else to say about this country!

RIP to the dead!!!

limeta:
He knows it will never happen
Taqqiya

Solomon’s descendant! God bless you!!!

jrusky:


You see people like you I kept wondering how you managed to go to school and passed with your kind of brain and thinking and those 32 bollocks that click like to you imbecillic statement.

Pls was Ukrain the one that start the war?

Pls in your fish brain so you expect Russia to just invade 44million heads and they should just succim just like that for committing no offense?

Pls I ask again and again did Ukrain ever showed or provoked Russia or her territory?

So Buhari should go and invade the SE due to ipigs disturbances baa? Or Buhari should invade Zamfara being bandit haven baa? Or Fulani bitchs should invade Nigeria as planned and its fine by you baa?

Go and work on your judgement capacity, your sense of reasoning with your 34 likes bolocks is leaking.

So, with your sophisticated education, you weren’t taught manners? When will some of you learn to contribute your opinion without hurling insults on people you don’t even know??

Totilopussylick:
Has any travelling companies in Nigeria pay ransom to kidnappers when their passengers are kidnapped

Is Nigeria a company? Sorry I forgot! The British Royal Niger Company!!!

Until the country chokes us all again like what necessitated #Endsars, Nigeria will continue to move negatively! May God grant him a safe return! Amen

The earlier the Ukrainians understand that their place is being used as battle ground for NATO, the better they stop the war!
& for the gas, pay in the sellers choice if you need the product or keep raising your elbow and die in gas hike!

Okay

This is funny! Love is for married people!

Funny western propagandists

So sad

As expected

Everyone with their own belief

Okay. Yet they will be claiming they don’t want war! If they don’t want war, why create weapons of war?

If she can refuse to compromise, it’s not a crime to join a political party! My concern is that she should not relent in using any office given to her to say the truth to power.

Please, help move to front page to educate people on the need for a balanced diet on their health!

*HAVE YOU HEARD OF VITAMIN P AND HOW IT REDUCES SCURVY?

Flavonoids are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants which are commonly consumed in the diets of humans. In 1930s, Albert Szent-Györgyi and other unnamed scientists discovered that Vitamin C alone was not as effective at preventing Scurvy as the crude yellow extracts from oranges, lemons or paprika. They attributed the increased activity of these extract to the other substances in the mixture, which they referred to as “citrin”. Flavonoids are present in plants to help prevent infection, protect against the sun and environmental stresses and attracts insect for pollination. They are also responsible for the color of many deep-colored fruits and vegetables such as berries, cherries, and tomatoes. This Flavonoids are known as Vitamin P!

*WHY ARE VITAMIN P NOT INCLUDED AS TYPE OF VITAMINS?*

As mentioned above, Szent-Györgyi and other scientists in their second publication demonstrated that when guinea pigs were fed a diet that induced scurvy, those that received 1mg of vitamin P fraction of lemon juice survived much longer than those that took only vitamin C. Those animals that did not receive vitamin P(Flavonoids) died in 28 days, whereas those with vitamin P lived 44 days on average. The authors argued that these results indicated that experimental scurvy is a disease caused by the combined lack of Vitamin C and Vitamin P. Their decision to call this material a ‘*vitamin*’ later proved as a object of debate as there were experimental difficulties in preparing a strictly independent VitP deficient diet. This lead to be a source of controversy because the inability in establishing a hard biochemical link to a deficiency syndrome are one of the reasons why the scientific community has found it difficult to embrace Vitamin P as a Vitamin. Thus, explaining the unpopularity of VitP!

*BUT, WHAT DOES THE ‘P’ REPRESENT?*

On these scientists efforts to naming the component extracts, they proposed the name Vitamin P for the substance responsible for the action on permeability. Hence, the ‘P’ represents the permeability of this material with vitamin C and or vascular permeability. This intertwinement with vitamin C is also what further obscures the potential link between deficiency and diseases of VitP.

COULD THIS INTERTWINEMENT BE THE REASON WHY NATURAL VITAMIN C PRODUCING FRUITS ARE MORE EFFECTIVE THAN PURIFIED VITAMIN C?

Armentano et al. found that the use of lemon juice and preparation of paprika rich in VitC produce favorable results in certain patients with bleeding diseases, namely vascular purpura and protein permeability of the capillaries, the same results were not observed with purified Vitamin C.

Again, on a Russian article published in _1980 by M. Borisov. Vopr Pitan_, where capillary resistance was examined on 1,203 athletes of the institute of physical culture, it was observed that there were seasonal variations in capillary strength and in excretion of ascorbic acid with the urine. The article recommended that the diet of athletes be supplemented with vitamin C and P during winter season. Both vitamins were demonstrated to interfere with the effects effects of sports exercise affecting capillary walls. The examination also found that vitamins(C and P) can be used for raising the efficacy of ski training and improving the results during competition. Furthermore, it advised that the diet be supplemented with Vitamin P daily dose of 50-60mg with rutin, which is best combined with 100mg of ascorbic acid.
From these studies, it confirmed that unpurified VitC(with VitP) were more effective than purified and synthetic Vitamin C.

*WHY ARE THESE NUTRITIOUS EXTRACT NOT SOLD IN THE MARKET?
*
In consideration to the evidence available to date, Vitamin P does not exist as a single entity but consists of a group of analogous compounds. So, because it has not been widely accepted as a vitamin by the scientific community, numerous commercial dietary supplements are currently sold as *bioflavonoids* which is a synonymous term for Vitamin P.

*SOURCES OF VITAMIN P*

-Onions
-Grapes
-Tea
-Berries
-Peaches
-Lettuce
-Apples
-Tomatoes
-Red peppers
-Oranges
-Lemons
-Limes

*HEALTH BENEFITS OF VITAMIN P*

~Foods rich in Vitamin P can reduce your risk of cancer and heart disease. According to a new report published in the journal “*Nature Communications”*, people who ate more VitP-rich foods were less likely to die of cancer and heart diseases than those who ate fewer such foods.
~Flavonoids help reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.
~Foods with flavonoids reduce dementia risks
~A diet high in flavonoids decreases the risk of type 2 diabetes.
~The anti-Inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of flavonoids helps stop certain cancer cells from multiplying.
~Flavonoids in foods is an effective way to help manage blood pressure.
~According to an article on healthline, flavonoids help regulate cellular activity and fights off free radicals that’s cause oxidative stress on your body.

*```TAKEAWAY```*
Vitamin P(flavonoids) have numerous health benefits and should be included in our daily diet. They possess strong antioxidant properties and can help manage inflammation. It is pertinent to note that natural foods contain more nutrients than processed foods and as such, higher degree of importance on what we eat should be placed on them. It is also important to know that drugs without balanced diet may not be effective as it’s manufactured for.

Written by: Ogbuanya Victor Onyedikachi
(Medical Student)