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Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 10:51pm On Nov 26, 2013
factorial1: Gud evening here...it been a while, hope you all are doing great...?

This's 1 or 2 qt for the gurus in the house.

1. All possible arrangements of the letters of the word REARRANGE are made. If one of these arrangements is chosen at random, what's the probability that it will end in (a) G, (b) R?

2. A man fires at a target, let a = P (he hits the target) = 1/5. Then b = P (he misses the target) = 1 - 1/5 = 4/5. If he fires four times at the target, what is the probability of his obtaining (a) exactly 2 hits, (b) at least 2 hits?


Do have a wonderful night rest.
#Shalom

Here goes...

The number of ways of arranging the letters of the word REARRANGE is 9!/(3!2!2!) = 15120

(a) If the letter G ends a particular arrangement, then the other letters REARRANE can be arranged in 8!/(3!2!2!) = 1680.

So the probability of choosing an arrangement that ends with G is 1680/15120 = 1/9.

(b) There are three R's. Let the R's be replaced with R1, R2 and R3. We now need to see the number of ways each R could end an arrangement.

The number of ways R1 could end an arrangement is 8!/(2!2!) = 10080.

Obviously, I'd get the same value for R1 and R2. Hence, the total number of ways of the arrangement ending with R1, R2 or R3 is 3*10080 = 30240.

But the R's are all the same so R can end an arrangement in 10080 ways.

So probability of the arrangement ending with R is 10080/15120 = 2/3.

QUESTION 2

P = 1/5, Q = 4/5

(a) All possible combinations:

PPPP, PPPQ, PPQP, PPQQ, PQPP, PQPQ, PQQP, PQQQ, QPPP, QPPQ, QPQP, QPQQ, QQPP, QQPQ, QQQP, QQQQ

Only six of these give exactly two hits, i.e. PPQQ, PQPQ, PQQP, QPPQ, QPQP, QQPP.

Clearly, each of the combinations above gives 1/5 * 1/5 * 4/5 * 4/5 = 16/625.

Therefore, the six give 6 * 16/625 = 96/625.

The probability of having exactly two hits is 96/625.

(b) At least two hits imply two hits or more.

PPPP, PPPQ, PPQP, PQPP, QPPP, including the six in (a) above.

This gives 1/625 + 4(4/625) + 96/625 = 113/625.

So, probability of at least two hits is 113/625.

1 Like

Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by personal59: 10:56pm On Nov 26, 2013
personal59: Pls help
an equilateral triangle of side 20cm
is inscribed in a circle.calculate the
distance of a side of the triangle from
th centre of the circle. Pls its urgent need d ans tomorrow morning
Pls help m solve this
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by factorial1(m): 11:00pm On Nov 26, 2013
Here goes the solution...

From the first statement...it can be inferred that each angle in the triangle will be equal since it's an equilateral triangle... So for the angles to be equal...each angle must be 60¤ each. NB: ¤ means degree, now, the triangle is inscribed in a circle. Lemme just try snap how d picture looks like for better understanding... I've solved it and the ans. is 10/root3cm.
Brief explanation now, u draw a line from two adjacent point of the triangle to meet @ the centre of the circle, dat means...the angle @the centr of the circle will be twice the opposite angle which is 60¤ to form 120¤...hope u getting this. Now another small triangle has been formed and u bisect the triangle to two equal part which will make it base length to be 10cm(i.e 20cm/2), pictured below. Since we are told to find the distance of a side of the triangle from the centre of the circle...we make the distance to be x, so using SOHCAHTOA...u get the value of x which is 10/root3(i.e 5.77cm in decimal). Thanks
personal59: Pls help
an equilateral triangle of side 20cm
is inscribed in a circle.calculate the
distance of a side of the triangle from
th centre of the circle. Pls its urgent need d ans tomorrow morning

Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by factorial1(m): 11:11pm On Nov 26, 2013
@personal...and moreso, note that if what u mean by the distance of the traingle from the centre of the circle is from the angle of one part of the triangle...so, in dat case...u consider the hypothenus side...which cos30¤ = 10/y(d hyp side) in which y = 10 divided by root3/2....so, y = 10 x 2/root3....and gives 20/root3cm or 11.54cm as the answer...which I hope that's what u mean by the word the 'distance'.
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by factorial1(m): 11:14pm On Nov 26, 2013
Correct...guess d' solution for b is loading...?
smurfy:

Here goes...

The number of ways of arranging the letters of the word REARRANGE is 9!/(3!2!2!) = 15120

(a) If the letter G ends a particular arrangement, then the other letters REARRANE can be arranged in 8!/(3!2!2!) = 1680.

So the probability of choosing an arrangement that ends with G is 1/9.

(b)...
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by personal59: 11:16pm On Nov 26, 2013
factorial1: Here goes the solution...

From the first statement...it can be inferred that each angle in the triangle will be equal since it's an equilateral triangle... So for the angles to be equal...each angle must be 60¤ each. NB: ¤ means degree, now, the triangle is inscribed in a circle. Lemme just try snap how d picture looks like for better understanding... I've solved it and the ans. is 10/root3cm.
Brief explanation now, u draw a line from two adjacent point of the triangle to meet @ the centre of the circle, dat means...the angle @the centr of the circle will be twice the opposite angle which is 60¤ to form 120¤...hope u getting this. Now another small triangle has been formed and u bisect the triangle to two equal part which will make it base length to be 10cm(i.e 20cm/2), pictured below. Since we are told to find the distance of a side of the triangle from the centre of the circle...we make the distance to be x, so using SOHCAHTOA...u get the value of x which is 10/root3(i.e 5.77cm in decimal). Thanks
Good bless u am so grateful and happy
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 11:28pm On Nov 26, 2013
@smurfy..10x.....drop ur 2go i.d.
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 12:46am On Nov 27, 2013
benbuks: @smurfy..10x.....drop ur 2go i.d.

Sorry but I'm not on 2go.
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 6:15am On Nov 27, 2013
smurfy:

Sorry but I'm not on 2go.
..k no problem.
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 10:35am On Nov 27, 2013
smurfy:

Here goes...

The number of ways of arranging the letters of the word REARRANGE is 9!/(3!2!2!) = 15120

(a) If the letter G ends a particular arrangement, then the other letters REARRANE can be arranged in 8!/(3!2!2!) = 1680.

So the probability of choosing an arrangement that ends with G is 1680/15120 = 1/9.

(b) There are three R's. Let the R's be replaced with R1, R2 and R3. We now need to see the number of ways each R could end an arrangement.

The number of ways R1 could end an arrangement is 8!/(2!2!) = 10080.

Obviously, I'd get the same value for R1 and R2. Hence, the total number of ways of the arrangement ending with R1, R2 or R3 is 3*10080 = 30240.

But the R's are all the same so R can end an arrangement in 10080 ways.

So probability of the arrangement ending with R is 10080/15120 = 2/3.

QUESTION 2

P = 1/5, Q = 4/5

(a) All possible combinations:

PPPP, PPPQ, PPQP, PPQQ, PQPP, PQPQ, PQQP, PQQQ, QPPP, QPPQ, QPQP, QPQQ, QQPP, QQPQ, QQQP, QQQQ

Only six of these give exactly two hits, i.e. PPQQ, PQPQ, PQQP, QPPQ, QPQP, QQPP.

Clearly, each of the combinations above gives 1/5 * 1/5 * 4/5 * 4/5 = 16/625.

Therefore, the six give 6 * 16/625 = 96/625.

The probability of having exactly two hits is 96/625.

(b) At least two hits imply two hits or more.

PPPP, PPPQ, PPQP, PQPP, QPPP, including the six in (a) above.

This gives 1/625 + 4(4/625) + 96/625 = 113/625.

So, probability of at least two hits is 113/625.
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 10:41am On Nov 27, 2013
Men and brethren..
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 10:51am On Nov 27, 2013
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Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 10:52am On Nov 27, 2013
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Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 10:53am On Nov 27, 2013
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Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 11:05am On Nov 27, 2013
We can also use binomial probability distribution method for Question 2.

For (a), selecting exactly two hits out of four is 4C2 = 6.

And probability of selecting exactly two hits is given by 4C2 * P^2 ^ Q^2 =
6 * (1/5)^2 * (4/5)^2 = 6 * 1/25 * 16/25
= 96/625.

For (b), we have the following:

[4C2 * P^2 * Q^2] + [4C3 * P^3 * Q^1] + [4C4 * P^4 * Q^0] =
96/625 + [4 * (1/5)^3 * (4/5)] + [1 * (1/5)^4 * (4/5)^0] =
96/625 + 16/625 + 1/625 = 113/625.
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 7:15pm On Nov 27, 2013
Chairman,@laplacian..
Your boy dey hail o.
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 7:23pm On Nov 27, 2013
U guys shold try ma questions in d previous page na..(p.107)..

Sm1 should try dis..
Factorise x^4 + x^2b^2 +b^4
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by factorial1(m): 7:28pm On Nov 27, 2013
@smurfy....Correct...except qt(1)b. The ans. is'nt 2/3. Here goes the solution to qt(1)b

If one of d' Rs is put @d end, the remaining eight letters can be arranged in 8!/2!2!2! Ways, as there are now two Rs, two Es and two As.

So P (R at the end) = 8!/2!2!2! divided by 9!/3!2!2! = 8!3!/9!2! = 1/3.
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by factorial1(m): 7:41pm On Nov 27, 2013
@benbuks... The 1st qt has been solved, by the way, the 2nd qt is nt cleared enough...is it [(1/(x+2))^1/2 - (1/x)^1/2]....u know wat I mean...as in the x+2 is 2geda or separated like this 1/x + 2...?
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by factorial1(m): 8:32pm On Nov 27, 2013
Here goes the solution, though it has really taken much time solving it...b4 arriving @this

firstly, let's consider this (a^2 + b^2)^2.
Now, the expansion of (a^2 + b^2)^2 = a^4 + 2a^2b^2 + b^4...in which it can also be written as; (a^2 + b^2)^2 - a^2b^2, this is in form of (x^2 - y^2) = (x+y)(x-y)
so, we can write the above equation as (a^2 + b^2 + a^2b^2)(a^2 + b^2 - a^2b^2)
Solved!
benbuks: U guys shold try ma questions in d previous page na..(p.107)..

Sm1 should try dis..
Factorise x^4 + x^2b^2 +b^4
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 8:32pm On Nov 27, 2013
factorial1: @smurfy....Correct...except qt(1)b. The ans. is'nt 2/3. Here goes the solution to qt(1)b

If one of d' Rs is put @d end, the remaining eight letters can be arranged in 8!/2!2!2! Ways, as there are now two Rs, two Es and two As.

So P (R at the end) = 8!/2!2!2! divided by 9!/3!2!2! = 8!3!/9!2! = 1/3.


Thanks for the correction but are you sure that the answer is 1/3? I'm not doubting your mathematical giganticality, but I just want to be sure. Are you sure?
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by factorial1(m): 8:38pm On Nov 27, 2013
Lolz, if am not sure...I would'nt av post'd the ans. then with explanation...it's obvious bro.
smurfy:

Thanks for the correction but are you sure that the answer is 1/3? I'm not doubting your mathematical giganticality, but I just want to be sure. Are you sure?
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 8:38pm On Nov 27, 2013
Still waiting 4 solution.
benbuks: Compute the derivative of..
*] sqrt [1+sqrt(1+ sqrt(x)) ]

**] sqrt[ (x^2 +1)^2 +sqrt (1 + (x^2 +1)^2 ) ]
nb:"sqrt." Means square root
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Laplacian(m): 9:09pm On Nov 27, 2013
benbuks: Chairman,@laplacian..
Your boy dey hail o.
more hailins 2 u bro...we re 2geda
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Laplacian(m): 9:11pm On Nov 27, 2013
Where 's my boss Alpha Maximus a.k.a the Rational Mathematician?
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Laplacian(m): 9:41pm On Nov 27, 2013
benbuks: Compute the derivative of..
*] sqrt [1+sqrt(1+ sqrt(x)) ]

**] sqrt[ (x^2 +1)^2 +sqrt (1 + (x^2 +1)^2 ) ]
nb:"sqrt." Means square root
*) let y=sqrt [1+sqrt(1+ sqrt(x)) ]
now
let u=1+ sqrt(x),
then
du/dx=1/[2sqt(x)]
let v=1+ sqrt(u)
then
dv/du=1/[2sqt(u)]
now
y=sqr(v)
then
dy/dv=1/[2sqt(v)]
from chain rule,
dy/dx=dy/dv*dv/du*du/dx
substitute and d result follows

**) let
y=sqrt[ (x^2+1)^2+sqrt(1+(x^2+1)^2)]

then
y^2=(x^2 +1)^2+sqrt(1+(x^2+1)^2)
or
differentiatin implicitly;
2yy'=(x^2 +1)*2x+

(x^2 +1)*x/sqrt(1+(x^2+1)^2)
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by MrCalculus(m): 10:27am On Nov 28, 2013
plz guys help me out wit dis......
if 3sin2@=5sin2¥....
find @ & ¥ if(tan@=2tan¥)
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 10:32am On Nov 28, 2013
Laplacian:
*) let y=sqrt [1+sqrt(1+ sqrt(x)) ]
now
let u=1+ sqrt(x),
then
du/dx=1/[2sqt(x)]
let v=1+ sqrt(u)
then
dv/du=1/[2sqt(u)]
now
y=sqr(v)
then
dy/dv=1/[2sqt(v)]
from chain rule,
dy/dx=dy/dv*dv/du*du/dx
substitute and d result follows

**) let
y=sqrt[ (x^2+1)^2+sqrt(1+(x^2+1)^2)]

then
y^2=(x^2 +1)^2+sqrt(1+(x^2+1)^2)
or
differentiatin implicitly;
2yy'=(x^2 +1)*2x+

(x^2 +1)*x/sqrt(1+(x^2+1)^2)
......M.O.G...try again o..incorrect.....9ce attempt sha..
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Laplacian(m): 11:27am On Nov 28, 2013
benbuks: ......M.O.G...try again o..incorrect.....9ce attempt sha..
is it dat i didnt use d method u have in mind or d solution is completely wrong...if it is wrong, can u b kind enough 2 point out my error?...
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by rhydex247(m): 12:31pm On Nov 28, 2013
@ benbuks.
ur question d/dx( sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)].
here is my solution.
d/dx( sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)]= d/du[rut(u)]*du/dx... where u=sqrt[1+sqrt(x)]+1... d/du(sqrt(u)= 1/2sqrt(u).
d/dx(1+sqrt[1+sqrt(x)]/2sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)]
differentiate the sum term by term.
d/dx(1)+d/dx(sqrt[1+sqrt(x)]/2sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)].
the derivative of 1 is zero we av
d/dx(sqrt[1+sqrt(x)]/2sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)].
Using the chain rule, d/dx(sqrt[1+sqrt(x)])=d/du(sqrt(u)*du/dx, where u=sqrt(x)+1 and d/du(sqrt(u))=1/2sqrt(u)
d/dx(1+sqrt(x))/2sqrt[1+sqrt(x)]/2sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)].
simplifying the expression gives
d/dx(1)+d/dx(sqrt(x))/4sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)][sqrt[1+sqrt(x)].
which gives
1/2sqrt(x)/4sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)][sqrt[1+sqrt(x)].
simplifying the expression gives
1/8sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)][sqrt[1+sqrt(x)][sqrt(x)].
thats all. all is well
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 1:55pm On Nov 28, 2013
rhydex 247: @ benbuks.
ur question d/dx( sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)].
here is my solution.
d/dx( sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)]= d/du[rut(u)]*du/dx... where u=sqrt[1+sqrt(x)]+1... d/du(sqrt(u)= 1/2sqrt(u).
d/dx(1+sqrt[1+sqrt(x)]/2sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)]
differentiate the sum term by term.
d/dx(1)+d/dx(sqrt[1+sqrt(x)]/2sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)].
the derivative of 1 is zero we av
d/dx(sqrt[1+sqrt(x)]/2sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)].
Using the chain rule, d/dx(sqrt[1+sqrt(x)])=d/du(sqrt(u)*du/dx, where u=sqrt(x)+1 and d/du(sqrt(u))=1/2sqrt(u)
d/dx(1+sqrt(x))/2sqrt[1+sqrt(x)]/2sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)].
simplifying the expression gives
d/dx(1)+d/dx(sqrt(x))/4sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)][sqrt[1+sqrt(x)].
which gives
1/2sqrt(x)/4sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)][sqrt[1+sqrt(x)].
simplifying the expression gives
1/8sqrt[1+sqrt(1+sqrt(x)][sqrt[1+sqrt(x)][sqrt(x)].
thats all. all is well





...bravo,...try d 2nd 1.....kinda long sha..
Re: Nairaland Mathematics Clinic by Nobody: 1:59pm On Nov 28, 2013
Mr Calculus: plz guys help me out wit dis......
if 3sin2@=5sin2¥....
find @ & ¥ if(tan@=2tan¥)

@ = 74, ¥ = 19.

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