Hello
I am having my F2 visa interview (with my 2 year old daughter) in 2 days and i HAVE ONE MAJOR CONCERN;
Because my husband (currently an f1 visa holder and have been studying on a student loan in the US for 1 year and 3 months and would be rounding up is 2 years program in May 2023).

Is it advisable to use his loan document as POF/financial statement?

PRESS STATEMENT 13 March, 2017

We must develop underground space to decongest cities -Afe Babalola

Development of underground space to reduce surface congestion and bridge Nigeria's infrastructural gap is overdue, Aare Afe Babalola said yesterday.
The founder and chancellor of Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, ABUAD, noted this when members of the Tunnelling Association of Nigeria, TAN, visited him in Ado-Ekiti. Babalola said Nigeria was ripe for the tunnelling technology, especially in expanding facilities for transportation, power and water supply to reduce stress in major cities, especially Lagos.
"I know tunnels in London, in France and other major cities in the world. We need it here in Nigeria also, especially in Lagos”, heemphasized.
The ABUAD founder said, although the idea of tunnels is not new globally, the move to introduce it as solution to Nigeria's infrastructural challenges in national planning “is a very lofty idea that we should key into."
He said ABUAD, as a leading engineering institution in the country, would partner with TAN in its bid to promote capacity-building in tunnelling as an emerging engineering field in Nigeria.
Engr Imo Ekpo, who led the delegation, said they were in the university to seek collaboration and participation towards the association’s first international tunneling conference scheduled to hold between 29th - 30th March in Lagos. With the team, "Developing the Tunnelling and Underground Space Industry in Nigeria", Ekpo said, the association is currently working on a 10-year capacity building plan in partnership with one federal, state and private university.
"We're looking at the prospects of opening up our infrastructures to the best practices globally and ease off surface utilities by developing the underground space in Nigeria," Ekpo said. He noted that Nigeria, as a member nation of the ITA, now has access to specific international scholarships for tunnellng and underground development as well as exchange programmes with countries currently developing major underground projects.
Ekpo disclosed that the President of the International Tunnelling Association, Dr. Tarcisio Celestino is leading other participants all over the world to the gathering at the Lagos Oriental Hotel later inthe month.

ENDS.
AFE BABALOLA RECEIVES TUNNELLING ASSOCIATION MEMBERS

PRESS STATEMENT 3 March , 2017
MINISTER PLEDGES SUPPORT FOR TUNNEL TECHNOLOGY
MINISTER AMECHI RECEIVES TAN MEMBERS
The Minister of Transport, Hon. Rotimi Amechi has promised to support the Tunnelling Association of Nigeria, TAN, in its bid to promote
underground technology and the smart city system. Although the Minister observed that major Nigerian cities are not expanding as expected, he said the country could embrace the tunnel technology in preparing for future growth and expansion.
Hon. Amechi, while receiving members of the association in his office, accepted the invitation to attend the first Nigerian International
Tunnelling Conference coming up later this month in Lagos. Leader of the delegation, Engr. Imo Ekpo, a member of TAN Board of Trustees, noted that global surface congestion has made the development of the underground space inevitable.
He notified the Minister that Nigeria is the fifth country in Africa to be enlisted by the International Tunnelling and Underground Space
Association, ITA, whose president will attend the conference holding between 29 and 30 March in Lagos.

"We've gained the confidence of the International Tunnelling Association and they're working with us. The president of the world body will be at this conference. We believe the involvement of the government will cement the international partnership. We see this ministry as one of the key stakeholders. in this important sector,” he told the minister. Ekpo said the visit was part of the association's plans to enlist
relevant stakeholders; "particularly government Ministries and Agencies involved in roads, railway, power, water and evenenvironment, on the enormous prospects of the underground space."
He said the initial objective of the association is to sensitise the government and the private players in these sectors to leverage on the
option of underground space for national development. He disclosed that TAN would assist in building capacity, now that the international body has indicated readiness for its training programme which is targeted at encouraging tertiary institutions and students to embrace tunnel technology. "Our plan is to demystify tunnelling in our first ten years; that's what we have set for ourselves and we have to start somewhere.
Tunnelling is an inevitable end which we cannot run away from, so we have to take the first step.
"The Diaspora Nigerians are already meeting on this but we need the support of government to show that we're interested as a nation to embrace this new engineering trend,” he explained.
Earlier, Director, Road Transport and Mass Transit Administration in the Ministry, Dr. Anthonia Ekpa, said TAN came to seek working relationship with the Ministry of Transportation in the areas of road, railway and inland waterways and to create awareness for the emerging industry.
"They association is already working with the Nigerian Society of Engineers which has set up a Study Group on the promotion of the use
of underground space while seeking the buy-in of the Nigerian Institute of Town Planners and the Nigerian Institute of Architects," Akpa disclosed. She stressed that Tunnelling Association of Nigeria was looking for collaboration with the Transport Ministry to stimulate local content
in the new industry and introduce ways of bypassing traffic in Nigeria's rapidly urbanizing cities.
END

UK- trained Abidemi Agwor, is the National Chairman, Tunneling Association of Nigeria, TAN, and the first and only Nigerian representative at the world body of tunneling engineering. He was recently in the country promoting the concept of utilizing the underground space. He spoke with journalists.

You are Nigeria's first and only ambassador on the UN tunneling body. How did this happen?

The idea of developing the tunneling industry in Nigeria was first conceived shortly after I arrived in the United Kingdom after securing a scholarship from the Rivers State Government in 2008. I focused on developing myself once I discovered my passion for tunneling and the
development of underground structures. I was also immensely helped by those who mentored me in different ways. I was part of the team that
developed the Crossrail tunnels UK which was at the time the biggest infrastructural development in Europe worth £16billion of which I was a project ambassador. I am currently part of the tunneling team working on a key part of the Hinkley Point Nuclear Power Project worth £24billion.
Over the years I have had the opportunity to work with the best in the industry and so my network was built from there. I am a member of the
British Tunneling Society (BTS). In September 2015 I approached the Chairman of the BTS to advice on how to go about setting up a similar
organization in Nigeria since they had just helped set up the Tunneling Association in Saudi Arabia and that was where it really all started from. We have since gone on to incorporate the Tunneling Association Nigeria, registered with the Corporate Affairs Commission Nigeria as the Association of Tunneling Operators Nigeria in June 2016. Presently, I am the Chairman of the Executive committee. We have also gotten in touch with the International Tunneling and Underground Space Association (ITA) which has a consultative status with the United Nations which got involved and adopted Nigeria as a member nation through an exclusive endorsement of TAN. In essence Nigeria now has a seat at the World Tunneling Congress held yearly.

A lot of Nigerians may not be too familiar with the tunneling aspect of engineering. What does it entail?

You are absolutely right. Although it isn't totally alien to us, it is however an approach that is not readily part of our infrastructural
conceptualization. To put it simply, tunneling is the act of creating useful and effective space below ground level. This cuts across several sectors, covering a wide spectrum from the seemingly small applications to the more sophisticated applications like water and sanitary waste management, telecommunications and power distribution, vehicular and pedestrian transportation, oil and gas product transportation, mining and mineral exploration, agricultural and environmental applications and several other unorthodox applications.
These can be done through conventional and mechanized means, the latter been the most popular. However, delivering an underground
infrastructure requires extensive planning and preparation. Depending on the type of project and structure, an extensive ground investigation would be required as that will duly inform the construction method as well as produce a geotechnical baseline report for construction. This helps to determine if we are working in a soft or hard ground, cohesive or non-cohesive as well as several othertechnical parameters that aid the decision of procuring the best suited tunneling equipment as well as proposing a sustainable design and realistic programme. The baseline report will also infer if ground preparatory works will be required. We can't fully exhaust all the requirements in delivering an underground infrastructure here but I know that this technology can be applied appropriately and effectively in Nigeria.

You have left your base in the UK promoting this idea. What responses have you been getting from the NSE and the government?

It has been challenging but fulfilling to say the least. The responses have been mixed and that is the reason we are deliberate in our approach. We have had key members of the Board of Trustees of the Tunneling Association Nigeria champion and promote the idea within their respective professional affiliations and the Nigerian Society of Engineers is one of the bodies currently in partnership with TAN. They have even set up a Tunneling Engineering Study Group to work with TAN. We are also making progress in setting up same partnership with other relevant bodies like the Nigerian Institute of Architects, Nigerian Institute of Surveyors as well as Nigerian Institute of Town Planners. We have had positive responses from the Federal Ministry of Power, Lands and Housing; some state governments and some educational institutions like the University of Lagos and the River State University of Science and Technology. So the response in the country has been encouraging, but there is still a long way to go.

Considering the prevailing economic climate, do you think Nigeria can afford investment in tunneling infrastructure?

I believe that the current economic challenges could really serve as an opportunity to invest. The lack of requisite infrastructure has
exacerbated the impact of the economic challenges, though I believe that bridging our infrastructural gap is now government’s primary objective. Developing a tunnel or an underground space enables us maximize the use of a square foot of space thereby adding more value depending on its application. Be it utilities or transportation it could positively affect our lifestyle. A cost-benefit analysis of most of these scenarios will tell you that the value of the benefits that these infrastructures bring over their life span outweighs their delivery cost.
Planning and delivering a major underground project will typically take ten years if everything works according to schedule; and probably half that time for minor projects. Yes, we can invest now in the early phases of delivering innovative and sustainable projects that will in future help our rapidly growing cities.

Aside from government and corporate bodies, how can private citizens benefit from tunneling and underground services?

Tunnels and underground structures can be privately developed and one area that can be given keen consideration is the development of
underground parking for residential accommodation. It should come naturally that we would consider it as part of a design brief. I would expect that a private developer would be restricted to the scale and scope of structure that can be developed granted by the appropriate authorities.


How much of expertise and technology are available in Nigeria to make these happen?

Although expertise and technology in developing underground infrastructure is still in very high demand globally, Nigeria currently cannot boast of a handful of talents and expertise in this sector. However, I believe we have existing skills that can be easily developed to suit some of the requirements of developing underground infrastructure. Developing our local capabilities is one main reason the Tunneling Association Nigeria was established. It was set up to promote the use of our underground space through awareness creation, sensitization, knowledge sharing, advocacy and several other means.

What programmes are in place by the Tunneling Association of Nigeria to integrate this new thinking into the management of the underground
space in Nigeria

Benefitting from all that the association has put in place to develop capacity starts from being a registered member of the association. We have employed an open ended policy on the membership of the association which is open to all potential stakeholders in the development of our underground infrastructure including, civil engineers, mechanical and electrical engineers, geotechnical engineers, mining engineers, geologist, surveyors, GIS engineers, architects, urban planners and developers, financiers, insurers, policy makers, legal practitioners and project finance specialists.
As part of our developmental programmes, we have scheduled annual conferences and workshops, we are scheduled to host what is the first
International Tunneling and Underground Space Conference in Nigeria next month in Lagos, tagged “Developing the Tunneling and Underground
Space Industry in Nigeria”. We are also scheduling courses endorsed by the International Tunneling and Underground Space Association. We have
a team that champions this campaign in university institutions as well as colleges. As part of the benefits of being a member nation of the World Tunneling Congress we have exchange programmes that would enable students and professionals gain foreign practical experience of how tunnels are built. TAN in partnership with other member nations has scheduled tours to specific project sites to expose our members to current global trends in the industry. Our partnership with other key organizations will also help to propagate the idea.

ENDS.