rodeo0070: Nigeria Approves Its First GMO Food Crop
After nearly a decade of research by its own scientists, Nigeria has approved its first genetically modified (GM) food crop — pest-resistant cowpea.
The National Biosafety Management Agency (NBMA) decision to allow the environmental release of GM cowpea affirms the crop’s safety. It also paves the way for commercializing GM cowpea and making the seeds available to farmers.
“Cowpea is the most important food grain legume in Nigeria,” said Prof. Ibrahim Abubakar, executive director of the Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR) at Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, which led the research. “The low yield of the crop in Nigeria is due to many constraints, particularly pod boring insects, which cause up to 90 per cent yield loss in severe infestation cases.”
Cowpea is an important source of protein for millions of Nigerians and others in West Africa. Farmers typically apply pesticides six or seven times within a planting season in an attempt to control the destructive pod borer (Maruca vitrata) pest. The GM cowpea, which provides built-in resistance to the insect, will significantly decrease pesticide use, researchers said.
It will also increase yields by about 20 percent, helping Nigeria to reduce its reliance on imports and achieve food security. Nigeria currently imports about 500,000 tonnes of cowpea annually to meet demand.
Both the pod borer-resistant (PBR) cowpea and GM cotton, which Nigeria commercialized last July, rely on a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), a natural occurring, soil-borne bacteria long used in organic agriculture, to control certain insect pests. Nigerian scientists who introduced the Bt gene into local varieties of cowpea found it confers near complete protection against the pod borer.
Abubakar said scientists decided to venture into genetic modification in cowpea breeding because pest infestations had made cowpea farming difficult, economically unprofitable and even dangerous, as farmers were exposed to pesticide sprays.
Dr. Abdourhamane Issoufou, country director of the African Agricultural Technology Foundation (AATF), said Nigerian scientists worked with institutions in Ghana, Burkina Faso and Malawi to develop the Bt cowpea.
Saidu Madagwa, executive secretary of the Agricultural Research Council of Nigeria (ARCN), which coordinates agricultural research in Nigeria, said the council was proud to present Nigerians with the first home-grown genetically modified food crop. He said it has passed all necessary scientific and safety tests.
Prof. Ishiyaku Mohammad, principal investigator in IAR’s cowpea project, explained that the GM cowpea is no different than conventional varieties. The only distinguishing factor is its resistance to Maruca infestation, he said. “The legume, which tastes just the same as its conventional counterpart, does not have any killer gene,” he said and farmers can replant the seeds if they wish.
Chief Daniel Okafor, vice president of All Farmers Association of Nigeria (AFAN), said the organization’s members are joyful at news of the approval. Farmers are willing and ready to adopt developmental technologies that reduce losses, increase yields and improve their livelihoods, he said.
Pastor Chris is 100% right ... Vaccines are covert extermination therapy, find below the sad story of a Nigerian in the USA who is a victim of the COVID-19 Vaccine Injury. The Malaria Vaccine isn't different ... Don't fall for it!
klassyguy: I have two lovely kids with my wife - a girl and a boy. My son is six years old while his sister is eight. Both were born here in the US. I’ve done what I feel is right as a father to train these kids, but I know not everything can be done accordingly.
My son is restless. He has the attention span of three seconds before he gets distracted by something else. My mum tells says he is a copy of me when I was his age, but that was in the eighties and the way children were handled back then is totally different from today. He hardly wants to do anything in terms of school work and almost every day I get complaints from his teacher that he does not do his work or he is disruptive in class. When other students are doing their work, my son will be the one falling off his chair or hiding under his desk. His teacher told me he acts out when being corrected. Only yesterday my wife told me the teacher met her when she went to pick them up in school and told her that my son started yelling when the lights in the class started flickering. His behavior got so bad, they had to call the school security officer before he calmed down.
This behavior is really bothering me. I know my son is smart. His pre-school teacher once told me he was the smartest student she had. My son can do complex mathematical equations off the top of his head that even his older sister struggles to do. He has a very good memory and can list off all the types of trains that exist in the US, things that even I don’t know. It’s sitting down to be serious about work that he can’t do and can’t seem to focus on.
I enrolled him in a soccer club to see if that would help him expel his excess energy. At first he seemed to be lazy as he gets frustrated easily, and rather try harder, my son would rather give up and cry. I mostly have to encourage him to put in more effort, and most of the time he does not pay attention to what the coach says. The coach told me a couple of days ago that he wants to move him to a lower group level to see if he can build his confidence there.
I want to believe it’s his being the last born for now that’s worrying him. He seemed to start being a bit more mature when my wife got pregnant last year and he learnt they had a younger sibling on the way, but unfortunately, she miscarried and we lost the baby. I’ve been thinking for a while now whether to move back to Nigeria with everyone so that we can build some sense into both of them (my daughter’s story is another one). I’ve thought of taking them both for an ADHD test, but my wife is against that. The only time my son pays attention is when he’s doing something he likes, and that is when he’s playing the PS5 I got them or watching videos on YouTube Kids.
Any advice would be welcome from parents out there.
Do not take the Covid Vaccine(s). It is an experimental biologic capable of compromising your innate immunity. All the animals that were used for the experiment couldn't survive it. Yet it was pushed for usage on humans.
Just as the Retroviral Drugs were manufactured in 1983 and HIV lunched in 1984; so were Astrazeneca Vaccines manufactured in 2018 and COVID-19 lunched in 2019.
Unarguably, these were all planned by the unscrupulous Creatures of destabization.
There is nothing good in Vaccines, except its ending!
Remember, these unscrupulous beings were behind the research, development and creation of Retroviral Drugs (1981), HIV/AIDS (1983), Covid (1984), and a host of other infectious diseases known to exist in the present day World.
Now, the same creatures are pushing for COVID-19 Vaccines administration – an RNA Vaccine capable of altering the genetic code of humans with no reversal possiblity!
Be wise folks; they don't mean well for humanity. Whoever takes the Vaccine will definitely not recover from its effects afterwards.
Below is a video of mass Protest in London against the COVID-19 Vaccines rollout.
Many do not know or understand the visit and what is ahead. Many Have their Eyes wide open but can't see. Watch out for what comes out from May 18-21. They are Preparing for you. But many of you are Sleeping.
I have always had a strong reservation for Dr Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala ever since she joined the GAVI, working closely with the likes of Bill Gates. She is on a Mission with a Vision to arm-twist the Nigerian Government (as well other African Nations) into total compliance with the Agenda 21 COVID-19 blue print.
Deupty Commissioner Of Police Abba Kyari (IGP-IRT) And His Team In Orlu, Imo State Looking For EASTERN SECURITY NETWORK (ESN) After The Military #OrluAirAttack. All I Can See Here Is BUSH MEAT For ESN! Gallant ESN Remains Formidable And Ever Ready To Defend Biafa Land. #WEMOVE
Righteousness89: I knew it will come to this!! It's beyond Experience Matters!
It's a Battle btw Globalist and Nationalist!
The Globalist are the ones pushing Madam okonji. The likes of Bill gates, the guys pushing for a Nwo and one world government! The Trump administration is the Bone in the neck of the Globalist! Definitely The Trump administration will not Support who they support! That is why they wanna wait until after the Election!
In all these! What is the RAPTURE is at Hand! We Must Ensure we are Ready for it. It's gonna be Suddenly!
GOD is in Control!! We keep watching to see what he allows..
That's true. She is a member of the Board of The GAVI Alliance (formerly the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation) is a global health partnership of public and private sector organizations dedicated to “immunisation for all”.
The above is under the control of the BILLIONAIRE BIO-TERRORIST – BILL GATES!
The speech was pre-recorded! THE REAL MOHAMMADU BUHARI IS LONG DEAD!
The present President is a clone/masked!
Stop the fraud! Stop the impunity! Let death seize all those behind this fraud against Nigeria! May they go down to shoel alive! For evil is in their dwelling place and in their heart!
I was once a staunch member of Christ Embassy and passionate follower of Pastor Chris Oyakhilome. But his recent statements during this lockdown period have been increasingly erratic, irresponsible and downright dangerous. Pastor Chris has sadly gone astray from his calling to preach the Word of God and turned into a wild conspiracy theorist. For those close to Pastor Chris, please advise him. His rhetoric during this period is really exposing who he really is - and it's not a pretty picture to behold.
Dear JojoAbeka,
Thank you for the Videos. Just gone through them.
Please, note that the narratives of Pastor is 100% correct! The players behind the global happenings are evil-minded and will stop at nothing order than to destroy humanity in disguise.
Desist from misinterpreting the previaling situation. It is important you take your time study the Global Issues cutting across the Nations of the World. Without proper understanding of these issues, you might be found wanting!
I sincerely appeal you mind your utterance about Pastor Chris and others like him. These are the few Men speaking against the prevailing fraud called COVID-19.
GeneralPula: Evil white people never wanted anything African bank..
Gaddafi became their enemy the moment he mentioned....Instead of Africa going to world bank to borrow money, why don’t we have our Africa bank? They conspired to kill the man..
Now they’re seeing Adesina has another bone in the neck, they wanna have him removed so as to appoint a stooge that will dance to all their tunes..
Africa will be get saved someday but what will save us is just soooo unknown!
Well said! It is a clear conspiracy against the rise of Africa as a Continent. You can imagine the allegation: "U.S. criticism of the bank’s internal processes follows comments by World Bank President David Malpass in February that multilateral lenders including the AfDB tend to provide loans too quickly, and, in the process, add to African nations’ debt problems"!
This is all part of the Plan to unleash financial crisis in Africa by distorting the well-planned credit line Adesina led AfDB has already structured to salvage the situation faced by African Countries as a result of the Scamdemic Plandemic (COVID-19) orchestrated by Bill Gates et al. supported by Creatures such as World Bank, IMF, WHO, UN, etc.
The above mentioned Neo-colonial Creatures can never be trusted. They were created after the World War II to subvert the Financial, Economical, and Political sovereignty of Nations! These same Creatures were behind the execution of Muammar Mohammed Abu Minyar Gaddafi for conceiving the thought of creating a United States of Africa with her own Gold-backed Currency. This singular thought became a threat to the Western Powers who felt the idea will render them irrelevant in Africa's affairs and would bring about the liberalization of Africa as a Continent from the clutches of the Colonialists!
It is high time for Africa to WAKE UP and resist these tyrannical plots! Africa does not need any of these Creatures to survive. They are nothing short of a nightmare to Africa as a whole!
I am not concerned about this and covid-19 , because the truth remains the facts that whether or not the door of various worship centres remain closed for the next 20years, the church will keep marching on and the gates of Hades will not prevail.
But at the same time, wisdom is profitable to direct. My issue is what role has the church and resources entrusted upon her trustees played to ensure this plandemic is used a too to expand christainity.
During the biblical times, it was operation feed them, heal them, cloth them and bring them into the fold.
Uncomfortable people won't listen to you and people who are hungry will stone you if you preach Christ to them. If they don't stone you, it will just enter through one ear and burst out from the other.
And this begs the question, are we still brethren?
One prayer I have prayed God is the ability to become a blessing to those who will come to him through me. Use me as a resources to bring people to him. Not because I am worthy, but because of who he is.
Because at the end of my journey on this earth, nothing goes with me other than the memories I made and how I made people feel about this God that has been my only source of survival.
You should read I believe in Miracles by Kenneth E. Hagin and how he got his healing. It was just him and God.
Perhaps if a pastor was involved, he would have died when his family started making arrangements for his funeral. God does not reside in a church building. He resides in the church within your heart.
Your conviction is noteworthy. All reference book(s) and Author(s) I have studied. There are higher heights; there are deeper depths! God is in the details!
How many church buildings did Apostles Peter and Paul build?
Atleast, they wrote over 75% of the new testament. The church in Ephisus, was it a physical building during the days of the great persecution?
Also, juxtapose your assertion with the Biblical elucidations that " the kingdom of God is within thee". Luke 17:20-21, particularly at verse 21.
Also, the old church shared everything in common and non lacked. Even those who had benefited from the good will of others but wanted to be greedy with theirs, met fatal punishment. How well has our modern church copied such precedent? Acts 4: 30-End; Acts 5.
During this period of Covid-19, how well is the church resources being shared amongst members of the church and by extension, members of the public as a tool of evangelism?
Jesus fed the congregation because He knew the importance of food to the body(biological feeding), and salvation to the soul( spiritual feeding).
How well has our church emulated this biblical precedent during COVID-19. Is this not the best time to win souls to the kingdom via the apt deployment of both mechanism?
Jesus and Apostle Peter were both leaders of the Church, both yet they knew they were trustees of the church, thus, gave good account of stewardship and didn't owe much personal property. Acts 4:32-End
Even Jesus lead by example by borrowing the a colt He used for triumphant entry. He could afford to buy one of the very best, and his actions will be justified because it is for the propagation of the gospel , but instead borrowed one. Mark 11:3.
***Take notice that this is a lame excuse being used by our religious leaders in an attempt to justify the luxurious lifestyle and the acquisition of aircrafts and phantom automobiles. But that is a discourse for another day.
From Apostle Peter's encounter with the man at the beautiful gate, it is apt to conclude that He didn't control the church resources even as a leader and pastor of the first church. He thus gave freely that which he had which was his anointing and heal the man of his infirmity. Can same be said for modern-day pastors and spiritual leaders? What changed?
Finally, lockdown has been lifted in some parts of the western world such as Italy where the church began, but the physical place of congregation is still under lockdown. Most of these pastors have church branches within such domicile, why are they not condemning the govt of such state as they do Nigeria?
Kindly educate my ignorance.
I await your timely response, God bless.
I am an Omnist and Bible student. I know there are 4200+ religion in our modern-day world, and that God is not a Christian, but He is" I am that I am".
Reference: God is not a Christian by Archbishop Desmond Tutu.
I offer my highest regards.
I have questions for my Muslim brothers too, but we will address that another day. Shalom.
There is more to the prevailing happenings than meets the eyes from the mainstream media! Most people are yet to understand what is playing out globally. Hence, some are so concerned with the immediate and oblivious of the future.
The white Elephant, COVID-19, is the biggest fraud in the entire of human history, with no justification for the global lock down! Little wonder it is tagged "PLANDEMIC"! The documentary below gives insight into what is going on behind the scene:
These Protesters are not out of their senses! They are well aware of the root cause of the induced Pandemic through undeniable evidences as documented in the video below. COVID-19 is 100% man-made and a crime against humanity! The push for Vaccines is yet another phase of the crime!
NCND BILL is an outright attack on the civil rights of Nigerians!
"COMPULSORY VACCINATION FOR EVERY CHILD
The new bill also mandates parent or guardian of “every child in Nigeria” to “ensure that the child is vaccinated against infectious diseases such as diphtheria, measles, polio and meningitis”. It also requires a notice for vaccination to be issued for newborns “immediately” after their birth."
The above quoted section of the sponsored Bill is disastrous and will lead to democratization of Autism, Brain Cancer, and other Brain-related illnesses in Children
NCDC is an evil Organization funded by Bill Gates! Its actual meaning of CDC is Center for Disease Creation. They are responsible for the Vaccines Schedule in Countries such as USA, Australia, Canada, etc. that has resulted in the spike in Autism, Cancer in Children globally!
Speaker Gbajamila and his cohorts are mad for sponsoring such evil bill!
jmoore: This is one of the things Melinda Gates saw before she made that statement.
Nigeria is not prepared. Can you imagine?
You will be shouting 'back to sender' when you are oblivious of the abysmal condition of the health sector.
Kano labs are shutdown for days.
Your government is incompetent. Bill & Melinda Gates are not your problem.
Anyone with common sense won't insult Gate's family. But in a country where religion has beclouded their sense of reasoning, they would be shouting 'it is not my portion', when the dangers are obvious.
My people perish for lack of knowledge.
If your government refuse to act like a responsible government, more dead bodies would be seen.
Please, do your research thoroughly, Bill Gates as well as his Wife and their Foundation have been in the fore front financing the research and development of the prevailing COVID-19.
The push for Vaccines is a further ploy to wreck Vaccine injuries on the global population in the similitude of what is already happening in the United States.
Bill Gates is an epitome of EVIL! Never speak in his favour, please!
It is a Satanic plan to reduce the human population through CHEMTRAIL. The Sun, created by God, is safely positioned 92 million miles away from the earth, serving as the natural source of energy meant for the support of life on earth.
The world government, under Satan's command, is only trying to deceive the masses into believing that God's creation is the source of their calamities. The spraying of biologics has been going on in the USA for many years and is still ongoing with serious health effect (e.g. Cancer, Autism, Dementia, Flu, Infertility, etc.) on the people living there.
MAKE NO MISTAKE, CLIMATE CHANGE IS NOT CAUSED BY CARBON EMISSION, IT IS THE HANDIWORK OF CLIMATE CHANGERS (SATANIC AGENTS in the Science)! A CLASSICAL EXAMPLE WAS THE RECENT CALIFORNIA WILD FIRE. IT IS A GLOBAL WEATHER WARFARE WITH A CATASTROPHIC DEMOGRAPHIC CRISIS AS END RESULT!
Pascalville: I am curious.. What really started this fire...what is really causing it...that it keeps expanding...and they claim their fire fighters re good...left to me i feel someone or an organization could be behind this attacks...even the government.. Maybe as a way of trying to make people to leave the area for some construction.. Well my thoughts... Only mention me if you have something reasonable to say
Pascalville, find herewith the true cause of California Wildfire:
The difference is that musicians create intellectual property which allows them to earn money even when not active. When was the last time Dolly Parton released a song? Yet she makes $50 million on average very year from her catalogue.
In addition, there are two types of income: (1) Earned Income and (2) Residual Income.
Footballers income type falls under (1) -- earnings via pay cheques, which ceases when they stop playing football.
Musicians income type falls under (2) -- earnings from royalties, which continues even after they stop singing, and also when they are dead.
Chibuzor11: This shows the ease through which fear mongering and war mongering rhetorics has subtly been leveled in this our counter cultural society.
What 'satanic agenda'? By? People like this avoid common sense like a plague. I wonder what's really befitting in claiming victims in every commotion.
People like this sit down for long hours formulating a really dump WhatsApp BC propaganda.
“I have only heard of dusk to dawn curfew, but this time around, it is 24 hours, no movement anywhere within the state, including no church, is that not an anti-Christ agenda?" . You can see the above quoted statement has no iota of wisdom. Why should religious programs be carried out when there's a curfew? What's the reason for the curfew in the first place? Isn't it is ensure safety? What if they are attacked during the program despite being told there's a curfew? This man won't stop wailing.
'Now you are cursed and banished from the ground, which has swallowed Agwom Adara's blood.' (Genesis 4:11)!
You don't need any surgery, OP. I once had same on my right wrist. I made a drastic change in meal (I eat more of Bambara Nut Meal), while avoiding C.R.A.P. (Carbonated drinks, Refined sugar, Artificial food, Processed food). It eventually disappeared! It is called Tendinitis of wrist: https://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/arthritis-tendinitis
BiafraIShere: I really pity the middle belt because it's now clear like daylight that this guys are on a determined mission to conquer, subjugate and control them indefinitely!! The Fulanis riding on the back of the Hausas are aggressively pushing through with the Islamization of the whole country, which they now see as the easiest route through which they would control everyone since the Sultan automatically becomes the supreme head!! All these killings going in the middle belt and gradual encroachment on the South while demanding for cattle colonies are all part of the grand plan!! At the rate they are going, the Middle belt will be completely taken over soon, as they have started assassinating their vocal leaders, others will become too afraid to speak out and therefore accept whatever they are told to do. After the MB is taken over, next will be the SW, and unlike what many Yorubas think, Islamization of the SW will be very easy for them and they are already on course! They are already empowering Yoruba Muslims against their Christians and these Yoruba Muslim leaders are more loyal to the caliphate than even to their Yoruba Christian Brothers!! That attempt of one Oba trying to become an emir was only to test the waters. They recently mentioned that Oyo is already gazetted as one of the states with grazing reserve. Once, Buhari is returned either by hook or crook, they won't have any need for Yoruba support again, and that is when they would begin their offensive there!! The East and to a lesser extent, parts of Niger Delta except Cross River and Edo, is where they would have serious problems because these parts are not just homogeneous religious and ethnic wise (SE), which makes infiltration very difficult, they are also long wary of the Muslim north and would immediately react aggressively unlike the Middle belt and SW that would rather politicize it. The Biafra agitation would also heighten during such period and Nigeria will be at the risk of either a civil war or peaceful break up through foreign intervention that wouldn't want a civil war in a country of 200 million considering the impact it will have on the rest of Africa and Europe. Mark this post today, all these scenario will come to pass if Buhari remains beyond 2019.
The perpetrators are Pastor Tunde Bakare sponsored Governor El-Rufai foot Soldiers mandated to eliminate anyone who stands in the way of their Islamization Agenda!
The assault of the good people of Southern Kaduna and its Chiefdoms is, unarguably, a pilot plan to convert the entire 774 LGAs into Emirates in accordance with the Islamization Master Plan.
I see same coming to the South West, South East and South South, where the traditional rulers would be compelled to become Emirs over impose emirates through Traitors like Tinubu, Rochas, Amechi, etc.
Unless Nigeria be disintegrated, the Usman Danfodio's mission of conquest shall be pursued to the latter, by the Sons of the bond woman!
Do not be fooled! The killing of Agwom is purely a War of Attrition - eliminating the strong voices so as to weaken the resistance to their evil plans!
Make no mistake about what is happening in Kaduna as Politics! It is a subtle unfolding of the grand plan of expanding Islamic Emirates across the 774 LGAs in Nigeria! El-Rufia is making all efforts to implement the Islamization Masterplan using Kaduna as a pilot test!
buJu234: Let's call a spade a spade, let's stop all these spiritual gimmicks and big big grammar, let's face the fact.
Statistics have it that 1 out of every 5 black people you see in the western world is a Nigerian, these are the people that are making wave in the black community in the western world. And they are all 99.9% from and given birth to in southern Nigeria (SW,SE, SS).
If these guys can do well in other people's countries why can they do well here? Reason being the quota system (that's destroys creativity ) will never allow them. and this system is controlled by the Northern Nigeria leaders.
whether you like it or not Nigeria is controlled by northern Nigeria, which means if northern Nigeria is not ok, the nation as a whole will not. Expect for what we are seeing today where southern Nigeria is far developed that northern Nigeria. Why because southern Nigeria encourages everyone to think for himself, attend school, very little quota systems.
Let the Northern Nigeria leaders change their leadership style from selective quota system to an inclusive democratic Islamic system like United Arab Emirates, Qatar and what the newly Saudi Arabia crown prince is doing to Saudi Arabia now.
Not the leadership system of the Pakistani, Yemeni , old Saudi Arabia Islamic government, that favour's only a few.
What happened to the Alimajeri schools that Past President Jonathan built? Inside those Alimajeri boys lies the future billionaires, captain of industry, that can change Northern Nigeria.
You call some states educational disadvantage, giving them low Jamb marks to enter into university, where by killing their brain power. That's why its hard for them to succeed in private enterprise ( every country grows on private enterprise not government funded enterprise ) that involves heavy competition, they only succed on monopoly and government favours. These can't help them become a global brand. Because all global brands must face tough competitions, the world is a global village.
Every developed country has developed based on the development of the people, human resources not natural resources.
That's why with all the crude oil in Saudi Arabia it can't be compared with Israel that has zero oil deposits.
Until the northern Nigeria leadership change from quota system to full human development for all northern people, where everyone is equal, has 100% right to school, where birth control is put in place, where Islamic teaching that said u can only marry more than one wife IF YOU CAN AFFORD IT!!. Where making sure that the educational budget is higher than going to Mecca budgets etc.
Until these happen, the development of Nigeria as a whole will not be there.
If you check, the statistics, All the poverty, sicknesses indices are very high in northern Nigeria compare to the south.
Today the GDP that made Nigeria the biggest economy in Africa, over 90% of the Non Oil sectors are controlled by southern Nigeria. Is it Nollywood, Music, creative arts, banking, services etc.
These 're what you get when everyone is allowed to think for himself and given opportunity to succeed in respective of your religious view.
Get this, if you allow a person to develop his brain during his youthful days, when difficult times come in his adulthood, he will devise a positive solution but when you give a person too much waivers during his youthful days, where by making his brain power ineffective, when he faces problem in his adulthood, he will devise negative solutions like depression, suicide bombing etc.
Since 1967, northern Nigeria has been controlling the leadership of Nigeria (directly / indirectly ), yet the region is the poorest of all the regions. Why?? leadership systems.
Well said... unarguable the greatness of any nation does not depend on its material resources, but on its mental resources; it does not depend on its manpower development, but on its mindpower development!
Agriculture / Re: Genetically Modified Pod-Borer Resistant Cowpea Approved In Nigeria by krisdzhon: 8:10am On Jun 19